【全】连词.doc

中考英语语法专题训练 （Go for it！新目标）第一部分：词法 中考专题 六：连 词连词是连接词、短语、从句与句子的词，它是虚词，所以不能单独担任句子成分。知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！一并列连词和连词短语 并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组或从句。常见的连词有and ,but ,or ,so ,bothand , eitheror ,neithernor , not only but also 等。1. and 1).and 表示 “和、且”在肯定句中连接并列的成分。 He is laughing and talking . 2).祈使句+ and , “and” 表示“那么”之意。 Study hard , and you will succeed .= _ _ study hard , you will succeed . 3).adj / adv + and + adj /adv 表示“渐渐”。 He makes mistakes again and again .2.but 表示转折关系的连词，意为“但是” He is poor ,but honest .3.or 1).or 有 “或”的意思，表示一种选择 Would you like tea or water ? 2). “祈使句,or ” or 表示否则。Study hard , or you will fail. = _ you _study hard , you will fail . 3).or 用在否定句中表示并列关系。 He cant read or write .4.both 1).both “两者都”, 后面的名词、动词都用复数。 Both the answers are right . 2).both of . Both of us are students . 3).both and Both you and she are right .5.either/ either or 1).either “两者当中任何一个”,后有of 时接名词的复数形式，无of时接单数名词，动词用单数形式。You may wear either of the hats. 2).either or “不是就是,或者 或者.”动词与临近的主语保持一致。即 “就近原则”.Either you or he has to go = Either he or you have to go .6.neither /neither nor 1).neither “两者当中都不”,后有of 时接名词的复数形式，无of时接单数名词，动词用单数形式。 Neither of the answers _(be) right . 2).neither .nor “既不.也不”动词与临近的主语保持一致。即 “就近原则”. Neither you nor I am right .= Neither I nor you are right .二从属连词从属连词是引导从句的连词。1.引导宾语从句的连词1）.that 连接由陈述句转变而来的宾语从句。2).who,whom,what,which,whose,when,where,why,how连接由特殊疑问句转变而来的宾语从句。3).if/ whether 连接由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句。2.引导状语从句的连词1).时间状语从句：when ,before ,after, until ,as soon as ,since 2).条件状语从句：if , unless 3).原因状语从句：because 4).方式状语从句：than5).结果状语从句：so that ,such that6).让步状语从句：though /although 7).目的状语从句：so that 三. 常用连词的用法辨析（1） while, when, as这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。1) 当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如：As/When/While I was walking down the street ，I noticed a police car.2) 当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。例如：While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.3) 当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。例如：As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.4) 当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边一边”时，最常用as。例如：She looked behind from time to time as she went5) 当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。例如：When he finished his work, he took a short rest.6) 当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。例如：When John arrived I was cooking lunch.（2）as, because, since , for这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。1) 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：I stayed at home because it rained.-Why arent you going?-Because I dont want to.2) 如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：As he wasnt ready, we left without him.Since I have no money, I cant buy any food.3) for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：I decided to stop and have lunch-for I was feeling quite hungry.（3）if, whetherif和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如：I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.I dont know whether (if) he likes that film.在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if：1) 引导主语从句时。例如：Whether he will come to the party is unknown. 2) 引导表语从句时。例如：The question is whether I can pass the exam.3) 在不定式前。例如：I havent made up my mind whether to go there or not.（4）sothat, such.that1) sothat中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such.that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：Im so tired that I cant walk any farther.It was such a warm day that he went swimming.2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时，用so,不用such。例如：He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.（5）eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如：Either you or he is wrong.Neither he nor his children like fish. Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book.（6）although, but这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.（7）because, so这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.（8）till/until与nottill/until前者表示一个延续性的动作,后者表示一个才开始的动作。如：I will stay here and watch the baby until you return. (stay这个动作一直进行到你return) / They wont go on working until they get what they think is reasonable. 另外till与until基本可以互换,但是在句首时只能用until,不能用till. 如：Until the last minute of the match we kept playing. / Not until he had finished his work did he go home.（倒装句）（9）though与although的区别：两个词都表示“虽然”,均不可以与but同时使用,但在句中可加still或yet连用。although“尽管、虽然”仅作连词,比较正式,一般可以换为though； though“虽然、尽管、即使”,还可以与even连用(=even if),表示“即使、纵然”,作副词时意思是“然而、不过”,不能放在句首。如：He passed the exams although illness prevented him from going to classes./ she wont leave the TV set,even though her husband is waiting for her for the supper./ It was a quiet party. I had a good time, though.（10）prefer torather than与preferto的区别：prefer torather than后面都是用动词原形,preferto都是用动名词或名词。如：I prefer English to Japanese. / I prefer to learn English rather than learn Japanese. 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1、-I like riding fast. Its very exciting. -Oh! You mustnt do it like that, _ it may have an accident. A. and B. or C. so D. but 答案：B。该题考查的是并列连词的用法。答语的意思是“你不要那样做，否则会发生事故的。”在这四个并列连词中，只有or含有这样的意思，所以应选B。 2、 John fell asleep _ he was listening to the music. A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as 答案：C。该题考查的是引导时间状语从句的常用从属连词的用法。本句的含义是“约翰在听音乐的时候睡着了。”表示在干某事时发生了某个事情” 通常用while。因此应选C。中考全练：实战演习，勇夺第一(2010 .河北省卷,30. 1) Jenny, put on your coat ,_you will catch a cold. A. but B. and C. or D. so【答案】(2010.四川省内江市30. 1)-What do you think of this skirt? -Its beautiful and it fits we well,_I like it very much. A.since B.so C.but【答案】 (2010江苏省宿迁市17. 1)_ they are twin brothers, they dont look like each other.A. Though B. Since C. However D. 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A. until B. if C. unless【答案】（2010河南省，25，1）( )_ its difficult to make her dream come true，she never gives up A Though B Unless C Because D If【答案】（2010湖北省荆州市，24，1） -Why didnt Betty come to school yesterday?-_ she was ill.ABut BThough CIf DBecause【答案】（2010陕西省，27，1）Be careful,_youll miss the right answer.A.and B.or C.but D.so【答案】（2010山东省聊城市，32，1）I bought my son a birthday present ,_he liked it very much.A.or B.but C.and D.so【答案】（2010广西省梧州市，35，1）-Why do you like pandas? -_they are very cute.A.If B.Because C.So D.Although【答案】（2010山东省莱芜市，27，1）-I hear Jack Chan will come to Laiwu next week. -Really? _ he comes, my younger sister will be very happy, AIf BUntil CUnless DBefore【答案】（2010贵州省铜仁市，35，1）- May I go to the concert with you? - Im afraid not. _ you have a ticket, because I have only one. A. since B. if C. unless D. though【答案】（2010山东省菏泽市，27，1）Mary spends a lot of money on clothes _ her family is not rich. A. because B. though C. if D. so【答案】（2010山东省菏泽市，30，1） There goes the bell. Hurry up, _youll be late for class. A. and B. or C. so D. but【答案】（2010湖北省襄樊市，36，1）- Emma failed her exams . I think she should work harder .- I agree . _ she does , she ll get good grades .A. If B. Because C. Before D. Though【答案】（2010黑龙江省鸡西市，29，1）( )Usually, we dont know how important something is _ we lose it. A. or B. until C. as soon as【答案】（2010北京市，28，1）-Would you like to go to the concert with me? -Id love to, _ Im afraid I have no time. A. so B. or C. and D. but【答案】（2010广西省定西市，15，1）( )She had a stomachache_ she ate something bad. 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Lets take a bus. A. so, that B. too, to C. enough, to D. such, that6. Why didnt Nick come to school yesterday? _ he was ill. A. After B. Where C. When D. Because7. John fell asleep _ he was listening to the music. A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as8. I wont go to the party tomorrow. _ you told me you would . What s happening? A. But B. So C. And D. Or9. Stop cutting trees, _ the earth will become worse and worse. A. and B. then C. but D. or10. Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said, David? Yes, mum. A. What B. that C. how D. if 11. Mr Smith comes from Australia, but he has worked in China for five years. So you can talk with him _. A. either in English or in Chinese B. not