八年级英语上册-Chapter-1-A-letter-from-a-pen-friend-(1)-上海牛津版-知识精讲.doc

八年级英语上册 Chapter 1 A letter from a pen-friend （1） 上海牛津版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Chapter One: Reading二. 重点词汇： 1. at the top-right corner 在右上角，注意“在”用的是介词at，而不是in 2. take a look at =have a look at看一看 3. at the end 在末尾，尽头 与end 相关的词组还有 in the end 最后 = at last 4. write to sb. 给某人写信 收到某人的来信是: get a letter from sb.= receive a letter from sb.= heard from sb. 5. want to do sth. 想要做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 6. in the magazine 在杂志上 7. short black hair 黑色的短发，注意颜色放在名词之前，也就是颜色要紧紧挨着所修饰的词 8. play football 踢足球play the violin 弹小提琴注意:运动的前面不加定冠词，乐器的前面一定要加定冠词。 9. come from 从来 =be from 10. walk to school 步行去上学= go to school on foot 11. be keen on 喜爱be keen on doing sth. =like doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 12. be friendly to sb. 对某人友善 e.g: He is friendly to everyone 13. at school 与in the school 的区分：at school 前不加冠词，表示在学校，强调的是地点in the school 前加冠词, 也表示在学校,但强调的是在学校学习这件事。 14. in the middle 在中间eg: He stood in the middle of the classroom. 15. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事。eg: Please tell me something about English. 16. best wishes 最美好的祝愿. 注意：wish要变复数。17. look the word in the dictionary 查字典18. as well 也= too= also 注意：虽然它们意思相同但是用法不同。as well 放在句末 , too 也放在句末，前面加“,” ，also 放在句中 eg: I also like playing the violin. = I like playing the violin, too. = I like playing the violin as well. 19. all in = tired 劳累20. difficult to hear = inaudible 听不见的21. come out of 出自于 come out 出来，呈现 eg: I came out of my mothers body.22. ambition= strong wish 志向,雄心23. full name 全名: His full name. 他的全名。24. not at all 根本不 eg: I dont like dog at all. 我根本就不喜欢狗。二. 重点句子： 1. Which is your favourite sport? 你最喜欢的是哪一项体育运动?= Which sport do you like best ?favourite = like best 最喜欢eg: I like Chinese best. = My favourite language is Chinese. 2. A boy called Sidney. = A boy with the name of Sidney. 一个叫做西德尼的男孩。 3. I would like to be your pen-friend. 我愿意成为你的笔友。 = I want to be your pen-friend.would like to do = want to do would like sb. to do = want sb. to do 4. I will tell you some things about myself. 我将告诉你一些关于我本人的事情。tell 意为告诉, 常用句式: tell sb. about sth. 或tell sb. to do sth.He told me a story last night. 他昨天晚上给我讲了一个故事。Our teacher often tells us not to talk in the class. 我们的老师经常告诉我们不要在课堂上讲话。 5. They came from Hong Kong , but I have never been there.他们来自于香港, 但我从未去过那儿。have been to +地点, 表示去过某处，现在已经回来了，不在那里了。Have you ever been to Hawaii?你去过夏威夷么?He has been to Beijing . 他去过北京。(现在不在北京)He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。(现在在北京) 6. I was born in Newcastle in 1986. 我于1986年出生于纽卡斯尔.be born 表示出生, 且动词be 通常用was 或were. be born 后可跟形容词、名词，或不同的介词短语，表达不同的意思。be born +形容词（名词） She was born happy. 她生来就很幸福。 He was born French . 他成为法国人。 born + in/on 介词短语, 表示“出生的时间、地点”。 Li Ping was born on May 5, in 1988 in Shenyang. 李平1988年五月五日出生于沈阳。 be born + of + (名词)，表示，从产生。 This invention was born of need. 这项发明是因需要而产生的。 be born + with , 表示天赋, 命运 She was born with a good memory. 他生来记性就好。7. e works as an architect in London. 他在伦敦做建筑师工作。as 意为 “作为，以身份”He works as a teacher. 他当老师。He talked to me as a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。 8. I hope you will write to me soon. 我希望你尽快给我写信。hope 意为希望，其后常接不定式或宾语从句。I hope to go to Shanghai with you . 我希望和你一起去上海.He hopes his mother will come back soon . 他希望他的妈妈尽快回来.【典型例题】 1. My new classmate Betty is about _.A. five-feet-tallB. five-feet tallC. five feet tallD. five foot-tall. 答案：选 C。因为有连词符的词是一个词，而五英尺是分开的词。2. Most of the students _ playing computer games.A. be keenB. are keenC. be keen onD. are keen on答案：选D。因为主语是复数。 3. I hope _ visit the Great Wall. A. you toB. you are goingC. them toD. you will答案：选择D。因为hope后面跟的是从句。 4. The boy _ Simon is from English.A. callsB. callC. calledD. calling答案：选择C。因为called是过去分词做定语。【模拟试题】（答题时间：100分钟）一. 选择并抄写单词 1. His _ is playing computer games . ( sport; hobby) 2. My _ subject at school is physics. ( best; good) 3. A person who plans building is called an _ (architect; engineer) 4. My _ is to be a policeman. ( work; ambition) 5. My brother is 15 years old and about five _ tall. ( feet; foot) 6. Parents are _ for looking after their children. ( used; responsible) 7. I _ club at the City Center. It was very interesting. ( listened; attend) 8. A “ whiz-kid ” is probably a young person who is very _. (successful; important) 9. Wendy doesnt _ herself to school because she is not old enough. ( drive; walk ) 10. The movie is _. Few people like it. ( exciting; boring)二. 字母组词1. The new student is in _ six. ( mofr )2. Can you choose the best _ for this passage? ( ittel )3. Would you like to have some _ for dinner? ( hncup )4. My mother bought a new pair of _ for me. ( sntearir)5. A lot of boys are good at _. ( ssiyhcp )6. He is in the vegetable _ in Shenyang. ( suenbssi )7. Now he can write _ sentences in English. ( lmespi )8. People often _ to their home towns in the Spring Festival. ( rnteur ) 9. I often _ my mother with her work in the kitchen. ( tssais )10. The boy is at the _ of his class. ( pot )三. 根据汉语提示写单词1. I have many _ , singing, dancing and playing volleyball. (爱好)2. She_ a photo and a card in my letter. ( 附上 )3. My friends son went to Beijing _ last year. （ 大学 ）4. My father puts his _ on my English paper every week. （ 签名 ）5. The old man often speaks in an almost _ voice. （ 听不见的 ）6. She often goes to work in her _ car. ( 自己的 )四. 单词组句1. a, called, the, is, letter, Denny, from, boy _2. Chinese, a, my, Newcastle, parents, in, own, restaurant_3. favourite, is, hobby, my, games, computer, playing._4. always, I, up, feeling, get, morning, happy, the, in_5. sometimes, phone, I, make, to, calls, the, to, clients, on, school, way_6. driver, takes, me, always, home, school, my, after _7. already, games, she, written, computer, has, several, successful _8. over, half, we, every, sell, a, year, million, games _五. 单选 1. I hope _ visit the Great Wall.A. you to B. you are goingC. them to D. you will 2. Hong Kong has been back in China for 10 years. But I _ there.A. have never goneB. have never been toC. have never gone to D. have never been 3. He works _ an engineer for the underground.A. to beB. asC. likeD. likes 4. Yesterday I went to _ work on _ foot.A. /; /B. /; theC. the; /D. the; the 5. Wendy finishes _ her homework in an hour or two after supper.A. doesB. doC. to doD. doing 6. Who is responsible _ homework in your class?A. at collectB. at collectingC. for collectD. for collecting 7. Father usually _ his newspaper after dinner.A. readB. readsC. readingD. is reading六. 补全对话A: Hi Victor. Have you got any plans for the coming holiday?B: Not yet. _1_.A: Yes. I plan to go to London this summer.B: _2_. But didnt you go there last year?A: Yes. I did. _3_B: Thats true . Will you travel alone?A: No, _4_ But it seems that everyone has his own plan.B: _5_ When I saw him yesterday , he was reading a book about London.A: Thank you for telling me. I will call him later.七. 完形填空_1_ Everyone today uses electricity in one way or another. It is hard to imagine _2_ life in our towns would be like without it. Electricity _3_ the streets and buildings, and warms people and animals. It heats food in cookers _4_ cools it in refrigerators. It drives trains and trams and works the traffic lights, lifts and the machines in factories making _5_ goods. And the everyday _6_ of radio and television use electricity _7_ entertainment and news to _8_ families. In villages and on farms, electrical machines milk the cows and chop their food. They _9_ cool the milk and churn the butter. Indeed, electricity finds as _10_ work to do in the country as it does in the towns. 1. A. MostB. AlmostC. NearlyD. Mostly 2. A. thatB. whichC. howD. what 3. A. lightB. lightsC. lightedD. lighting 4. A. orB. andC. yetD. but 5. A. a kind ofB. all kind ofC. all kinds ofD. kinds of 6. A. wondersB. wonderC. wonderfulD. wonderfully 7. A. bringB. takeC. to bringD. to take 8. A. millionB. million ofC. millionsD. millions of 9. A. alsoB. tooC. couldD. would 10. A. a fewB. a littleC. muchD. many八. 阅读理解（A）Its hard to make friends if you stay home alone all the time. Get out of the house and do things that will put you in touch with(接触) other people. Its easier to make friends when you have similar interests. Dont be afraid to show people what youre really good at. Talk about the tings you like and do best. People will be interested in you if there is something interesting about you.Look people in the eye when you talk to them. That way, theyll find it easier to talk to you, or people may think youre not interested in them and may stop being interested in you.Be a good listener. Let people talk about themselves before talking about “me, me, me”. Ask lots of questions. Show an interested in their answers.Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like, respect, and admire- not just with those who are easy to meet. Be friendly with a lot of people. That way, youll have a bigger group of people to choose from and have more chances for making friends. 1. How can we have more friends, get in touch with other people or stay at home?_ 2. Cindy always talks about herself when she talks to other people. What advice do you think she needs to follow?_ 3. Whats the main idea of the passage?_(B)faster secret until both changed right order meant open leftAbout four hundred years ago, Mr Bacon said that warm water freezes more quickly than cold water. But few people believed him_1_1970. In that year Dr Kell, a well-known scientists, found that Mr. Bacon was _2_ He filled one _3_ bowl with cold water, and the _4_ with warm water. Then he exposed _5_ to the low temperature (温度). The warm water froze first.The _6_ was that the two bowls had no covers. Some of the warm water _7_into vapour(汽). It went into the air. This _8_ that less of the warm water was _9_ to freeze. So the warm water froze _10_than the cold water though it had a greater temperature drop to make.九.书面表达(5%)请以“Your Mothers Day”为题把妈妈一天的生活情况写出来。(起床，慢跑，健康饮食，做饭，帮助你学习) 要求：行文通顺，语法规范，40词左右。_【试题答案】一. 选择并抄写单词 1. hobby