石油大学科技英语(3).doc

科技英语 请注意：本学期您只有一次在线考试机会，请慎重做答和提交！01:29:40单项选择题第1题 There are scientific satellites in _B_ that measure wave heights, but too few to give reliable worldwide coverage. 本题3分A、totalB、orbitC、storeD、particular第2题 The first-year courses provide short introductions to these areas, while the second-year courses _B_ the areas in greater depth. 本题3分A、classifyB、investigateC、clarifyD、examine第3题 Their marriage was in danger of breaking up last year but it seems quite _D_ now. 本题3分A、favorableB、criticalC、profitableD、stable第4题 If individuals are awakened each time as they began a dream phase of sleep, they are likely to become irritable even if their total amount of sleep has been _B_. 本题3分A、efficientB、sufficientC、deficientD、proficient第5题 She became the first woman to enter the school but withdrew after a few days _ stress. 本题3分A、in spite ofB、in stead ofC、because ofD、in honor of第6题The new _D_ edition of this book focuses specifically on the complexities of grammatical choices that students need to master. 本题3分A、alteredB、convertedC、modifiedD、revised第7题 _ in the office had a mistake, nd the form regretted causing the customer inconvenience. 本题3分A、SomeoneB、AnyoneC、No oneD、Everyone第8题 the morning paper _a story about demonstrations in new york nd washington d.c. 本题3分A、carriedB、extendedC、intendedD、pretended第9题 The news slowly _C_ through to everyone in the office; finally everybody felt worried about the uncertainty of the future. 本题3分A、meltedB、transmittedC、filteredD、flowed第10题 We do remember your initial objections, but unfortunately you didnt place them _D_. 本题3分A、in registerB、to documentC、on paperD、on record第11题 The cost may be lower than we first thought, but _B_ it will still be quite substantial. 本题3分A、in no caseB、in any caseC、in case ofD、in case第12题 Sometimes you can _A_ valuable antiques by chance for example when youre clearing out an old building. 本题3分A、come byB、come inC、come outD、come down第13题 obviously you came here intending to _D_ the united states nd you will need a work visa. 本题3分A、rest withB、resort toC、render intoD、reside in第14题 As parts of the world become _, millions of people will try to migrate to more _ areas. 本题3分A、hospitable uninhabitableB、uninhabitable hospitableC、habitable inhospitableD、inhospitable uninhabitable第15题 A(n) _ is someone who is being considered for a position, for example someone who is running in an election or applying for a job. 本题3分A、astronomerB、scientistC、candidateD、researcher阅读理解题第16题breastfeeding (母乳喂养) for a month r longer appears to reduce a womans risk of getting diabetes (糖尿病) later in life, according to a new study. the breastfeeding nd diabetes link has been reported in other studies, according to researcher eleanor schwarz. yet, her study makes the link easier to believe. her study is published in a journal of medicine in america. schwarz nd her colleagues looked at data about breastfeeding practices. they evaluated data on 2,233 women fom califomia. of those, 405 were not mothers, 1,125 were mothers who breastfed for at least a month, nd 703 were mothers who had never breastfed. they were 40 to 78 years old.according to schwarzs study, the risk of getting a diagnosis (诊断) of type 2 diabetes for women who breastfed all their children for a month r longer was similar to that of women who had not given birth. but mothers who had never breastfed were nearly twice as likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birth. mothers who never breastfed were about 1.4 times as likely to develop diabetes as women who breastfed fr one to three months, schwarz found.while one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference, schwarz says, even longer is better. “previous studies have shown the longer the mom breastfeeds, the mre benefit fr her body.” many experts recommend breastfeeding fr six months nd continuing fr a year, she says.the diabetes-breastfeeding link is probably explained by belly fat. mothers, who dont breastfeed, as they get older, may have mre belly fat, as breastfeeding helps new mothers take off weight. “belly fat increases the risk of diabetes as you get older,” she says.the finding isnt surprising at all, says kimberly gregry. she often gives advice to women who get diabetes (occurring during pregnancy (怀孕) that they are at risk fr later getting type 2 diabetes nd suggests they breastfeed. the new findings will probably inspire gregry to add to the-advice she gives moms-to-be about the benefits of breastfeeding. she often focuses on the benefits to the baby.本题15分11 According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE? DA、about two thousand nd two hundred old women took part in the study.B、 eleanors research program was about men nd women who suffered rom diabetes.C、Over one fifths of the women never got married.D、 Eleanors results seem more reliable.22 According to Schwarzs findings, who are more likely to get diabetes later in life? A A、Those mothers who had never breastfed.B、Those mothers who never gave birth.C、Those mothers who breastfed for a month.D、Those mothers who breastfed for six months.33 Which of the following statements would Schwarz agree with? CA、Breastfeeding is not advisable as it is not good for moms to keep a good shape.B、Breastfeeding can reduce a mothers chances of getting serious diseaseC、Breastfeeding for a month is highly recommended: the longer, the better.D、 breastfeeding for a month r longer makes babies smarter.44 What does the author mean by “moms-to-be” in the last paragraph? AA、Women who are pregnant, especially for the first time.B、Women who dream of having babiesfor the first time.C、Women who already have children.D、Women who have just got babies for the first time.55 Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? BA、Breasffeeding May Enhance Babies Chances of SurvivalB、Breasffeeding May Lower Moms Diabetes RiskC、 Breasffeeding May Become Very Fashioaable in Near FutureD、Breasffeeding May Help Women Lose Weight第17题So far as I know, Miss Hannah Arendt was the first person to define the essential difference between work and labor. To be happy, a man must feel, firstly, free and, secondly, important. He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing, or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as if no value or importance. In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished, the sign that what a man does is of social value is that he is paid money to do it, but a laborer today can rightly be called a wage slave. A man is a laborer if the job society offers him is of no interest to himself but he is compelled to take it by the necessity of earning a living and supporting his family.The antithesis to labor is play. When we play a game, we enjoy what we are doing, otherwise we should not play it, but it is a purely private activity; society could not care less whether we play it or not.Between labor and play stands work. A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do; what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play. Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it. The difference does not, for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job; a gardener may be a worker, a bank clerk a laborer. Which a man is can be seen from his attitude toward leisure. To a worker, leisure means simply the hours he needs to relax and rest in order to work efficiently. He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much; workers die of coronaries and forget their wives birthdays. To the laborer, on the other hand, leisure means freedom from compulsion, so that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better.What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, like myself, in the fortunate position of being workers? At a guess I would say sixteen per cent, and I do not think that figure is likely to get bigger in the future.Technology and the division of labor have done two things: by eliminating in many fields the need for special strength or skill, they have made a very large number of paid occupations which formerly were enjoyable work into boring labor, and by increasing productivity they have reduced the number of necessary laboring hours. It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population, that is to say, its laborers, will have almost as much leisure as in earlier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy. When one recalls how aristocracies in the past actually behaved, the prospect is not cheerful. Indeed, the problem of dealing with boredom may be even more difficult for such a future mass society than it was for aristocracies. The latter, for example, ritualized their time; there was a season to shoot grouse, a season to spend in town, etc. The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which it will be in the economic interest of certain people to change as often as possible. Again, the masses cannot go in for hunting, for very soon there would be no animals left to hunt. For other aristocratic amusements like gambling, dueling, and warfare, it may be only too easy to find equivalents in dangerous driving, drug-taking, and senseless acts of violence. Workers seldom commit acts of violence, because they can put their aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist. The role of aggression in mental work is aptly expressed by the phrase “getting ones teeth into a problem.”本题15分11 From the point view of the author, labor is _C_ for it.A、 a voluntary job to a person, and society pays no moneyB、an enjoyable job to a person, and society pays no moneyC、a joyless job to a person, but society pays moneyD、a manual job to a person, but society pays money22 According to the passage, one isnt happy if he _A_.A、 is compelled to take a jobB、has to work unnecessarily long timeC、earns little money by doing a jobD、has too little money to support his family33 The author considers play as _A_.A、an enjoyable and private activityB、a helpful and public activityC、a forced and private activityD、a voluntary and public activity44 A job can be classified as labor or work, depending on _C_.A、whether the job is easy or hardB、whether it is a manual or mental jobC、the taste of the individual who does the jobD、the payment of the job55 The author says that the division of labor and technology has all the following effects on the labor EXCEPT _C_.A、turning enjoyable work into boring laborB、reducing the number of laboring hoursC、decreasing productivityD、eliminating the need for special skill第18题A consumers buyer behavior is influenced by four major factors; cultural, social, personal, and psychological factors. These (1) cause consumers to develop product and brand preferences. Although many of these factors cannot be directly controlled by marketers, understanding of their (2) is essential as marketing mix strategies can be developed to appeal to the preferences of the target market.One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined (3) a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied (4) any particular circumstance. Moods should be (5) from emotions which are usually more intense, (6) to specific circumstances, and often conscious. In one sense, the effect of a consumers mood can be thought of in (7) the same way as can our reactions to the (8) of our friends when our friends are happy and “up”, that trends to influence us positively, but when they are “down”, that can have a (9) impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a (10) mood state tend to react to stimuli (刺激) in a direction (11) with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see (12) in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a (13) manner than they would when not in such a state. (14), mood states appear capable of (15)