初中英语专题复习.doc

叶耘利111106冠词(art)用在名词前，帮助说明其意义 冠词分为不定冠词aan和定冠词the，放在名词前、a3n用在单数可数名词前(a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的词前)。 1不定冠词 (1)不定冠词的用法 泛指类人或物。 egThis is a pencil case 指不具体的某个人或物。 eg. I met an old man On my way home 用在序数词前，相当于another。 egTheres a third boy near the shop. 表示“每(个)”，相当于every。 egThey have music lessons twice a week 固定搭配。 a lot of，a lot，a little，a few，a glass of，such aan， have a word with，have a look，have a try，have a swim，a quarter，half an hour， three times a day，have a talk，give a talk，ten yuan a kilo (2)不定冠词的位置 不定冠词般放在所修饰的单数可数名词前。 eg，a bike，an egg 当名词被such，what，many修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。 egIt took me half an hour to finish my homework 当名词前的形容词前有so，how，too等词时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后。 Eg. She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the station 当名词前面有形容词和quite，rather，very时，不定冠词放在quite，rather之后，very之前。 egIt is quite a good book 2定冠词的用法表示上文中所提到过的人或物。 eg:l have two children，a boy and a girl.The boys name is MarkThe girls name is Penny. (2)特指某(些)人或物。 eg: The girl in a red dress comes from America (3)指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或物。 eg: My shoes are under the bed (4)用在形容最高级和部分比较级前。 eg Tom is the taller of the two boys (5)用在序数词前。 eg Monday is the second day of a week (6)用在世界上独一无二的事物前(如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等)。 eg. The moon moves round the earth (7)用在某些形容词前，表示类人或物。 therich(富人)，the poor(穷人)，the deaf(聋人)，the blind(盲人)，the dead(死者)，the wounded(伤员) (8)用在姓氏复数前，表示“某某家人”或“某某夫妇”。 egThe Greens are having dinner at home (9)用在乐器前。 egplay the pianoguitarviolindrums (10)用于逢“十”的复数数词前，指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁。 eg. I think he is in the thirties (11)用在某些专有名词和习惯用语中。 the United Nations，the Great Wall，the Summer Palace，the Palace Museum，in the end，in the day，in the middle of，all the time，in the east，by the way，on the way to，the(more)the(more)“越越” 3不用冠词的情况 (1)名词前有指示代词this，that，these，those时不用冠词。 egThat girl is my friend (2)名词前有物主代词my，your，his her，their等时不用冠词。 egLucy is her sister (3)名词前有whose，which，some，any，each，every等代词时不用冠词。 egWhich man is Mr Green? (4)复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词。 egThose young men are teachers，not students (5)物质名词表示种类时不用冠词。 egSnow is white (6)抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词。 egDoes she like music? (7)在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词。 egplay basketballsoccerchess (8)在三餐前不用冠词。 eghave breakfastlunchsupperdinner (9)在人名、地名、节假日、星期、月份前不用。 egTina，China，Tiananmen Square，Beijing,University，New Years Day，Tuesday，January (10)在学科和节目名称前不用冠词。 egMy favorite is English(11)在某些固定搭配中不用冠词。(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前：by bus乘公共汽车；by car乘汽车；by bike骑/坐自行车；by train乘火车；by air/plane乘飞机；by sea/ship乘船，但take a bus，in a boat，on the bike前需用冠词(2)名词词组：day and night日日夜夜；brother and sister兄弟姐妹;hour after hour时时刻刻；here and there到处(3)介词词组：at home在家；in surprise惊奇地；at noon在中午;on foot步行；at night在晚上；on duty值日；at work在工作；on time准时；for example例如；in class在上课；on show展览；in bed在床上(4)go短语：go home回家；go to bed上床睡觉；go to school去上学；go to work去上班；go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼4在有些词组中，用冠词和不用冠词意思有较大区别。 in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里go to sea出海/go to the sea去海边on earth究竟/on the earth在地球上，在世上in front of在(外部的)前面/in the front of在(内部的)前面take place发生/take the place(of)代替at table进餐/at the table在桌子旁by sea乘船/by the sea在海边in future从今以后，将来/in the future未来go to school(church)上学(做礼拜)/go to the school(church)到学校(教堂)去on horseback骑着马/on the horseback在马背上two of us我们当中的两人/the two of us我们两人(共计两人)out of question毫无疑问/out of the question不可能的，办不到的next year明年/the next year 第二年a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)冠词专练1.He gave my sister useful book yesterday.A. an B. a C. / D the2.My brother is honest boy， so he has many friends.A. a B. an C. the D /3.More college graduates would like to work in west part of country next year.A. the; the B. /; / C. /; the D. the; /4.There is a big tree the house.A. in the front of B. in front ofC. in front D. at class5.Jim always answers the teachers questions _.A. in class B. in the class C. after class D. at class6.There is _ apple on the desk.A. a B .the C. an D./2.The girl under _ tree is my sister.A. a B .the C .an D./3.Mary is from _ USA.A. a B. the C. an D./4.He met _ friend of his on the road.A. a B .the C .an D./5.Mr Black will go back to England_.A .by air B .by a plane C. by trains D. at a train6.Yesterday I went to work on foot.A. /， / B ./， the C .the， / D. the， the7.There is “h” in the word “hour”， but “h”doesnt make a sound.A. a， a B. a， the C. the， ，an D .an. the8.Im going to see my mother. She is ill _.A. in hospital B. in the hospital C. in a hospital D. at a hospital9. We have three meals day. We have breakfast at 6：30 in morning every day.A. the， the， the B. the， /， theC. a， /， the D .a， the， the10.This is film Ive told you about several times.Its GREat. Ive never seen _ more moving one.A. a， a B. the， the C. the， a D. a， the11.Tina，could you please play piano for me while Im singing？With pleasure.A .a B. an C. the D. /12.I want to try again. Please give me third chance again.A .a B. the C. an D. /13. Whats the matter with you？I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed.A. a; / B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the14. sun is shining brightly.A. A B. An C. The D. /15. Swimming is in summer.A. a great fun B. great fun C. great funs D. great a fun数词 (一)基数词 在英语中表示数目的词称为基数词。 1基数词的构成 (1)1-20 one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen，twenty (2)21-99 先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字符。 23twenty-three，34thirty-four，45fortyfive，56fifty-six，67sixty-seven，78seventy-eight，89eighty-nine，91ninety-one (3)101999先说“几百”，再加and，再加末两位数或末位数； 586five hundred and eighty-six，803eight hundred and three (4)l,000以上，先从右往左数，每三位数加一个“，”，第一个“，”前为thousand第二个“，”前为 million，第三个“，”前为billion(美式)或thousand ,million(英式)，然后一节一节地表示。 1，001one thousand and one 9,785nine thousand， seven hundred and eighty-five 18,423eighteen thousand，four hundred and twenty-three 6,260,309six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750,000,000,000seven hundred and fifty, billion(美式) seven hundred and fifty thousand million(英式) 2基数词的用法 (1)作主语 egFour of them come from Paris (2)作宾语 eg一 How many books would you like? 一I would like two (3)作表语 egSeven minus two is five (4)作定语 egThere are three people in my family (5)作同位语 eg. You two will go swimming with us (6)表具体数字时，hundred，thousand，million用单数。 eg. There are six hundred students in our grade (7)表不确定的数字时，数词用复数。若带名词，再加of hundreds of(数百，成百上千的)，thousands of(数干，成千上万的)，millions of(数百万) eg，They arrived in two sand threes他们三三两两地来了。 (8)表示“十”的数词的复数可以表示人的岁数或年代。 eg. He is in his early thirties他有三十来岁(3134岁)： This took place in the 1930s这事发生在二十世纪三十年代； (9)表示时刻 egI watch CCTV News at seven oclock every evening. (二)序数词 在英语中表示顺序、次序的词称为序数词。 1，序数词的构成 (1)一般在基数词后加th egfourfourth，thirteenthirteenth (2)不规则变化 onefirst，twosecond，threethird，fivefifth，eighteighth，nineninth，twelve-twelfih (3)以y结尾的十位整数，变y为ie再加th twentytwentieth， fortyfortieth， ninetyninetieth (4)从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。 twenty-first，two hundred and forty-fifth 2序数词的用法 (1)序数词作定语时，一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用。 egTom is their second son (2)序数词有时可与不定冠词连用，表示数量上又，“再一” eg: He tried a second time（3）序数词的缩写形式为：阿拉伯数字加上这个词的末尾两个字母。 1st 2nd，3rd，4th，20th，21st，22nd，23rd (4)表示年、月、日时，年用基数词，日用序数词。2005年8月15日：(英)15，8，2005=15th，August，2005； (美)8，15，2005=August 15th，2005 (三)基数词和序数词都可以用来给数字编号。 No1(1号)，No3bus(3路公共汽车)，Room 103，(103号旁间) The first lesson=Lesson Two(第二课) (四)分数词的表达 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母加s eg13-one third；25-two fifths (五)数学运算的表达 eg3+5=8 Three plusand five is eight 9-2=7 Nine minus two is seven 6x5=30 Five times six is thirty six unutilized five is thirty 82=4 Eight divided by two is four初中英语数词练习( ) 1. Lincoln was born on _. A. February 12, 1809 B. 1809, February 12 C. 1809, 12 February D. February 1809,12( ) 2. A _ boy can sing the English song very well. A. ten-year-old B. ten years old C. ten-year-old D. fifth years old( ) 3. An hour later, _ minister was sent to see themagic clothwoven by those two men. A. two B. the second C. the two D. second( ) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _ President of the United States. A. 16 B. the 16 C. 16th D. the 16th( ) 5. Do you think there is any room for us _ ? A. two B. the two C. second D. the second( ) 6. How many students are there in your class? _. A. Twenty nine B. Thirty and two C. Forty-five D. fifties( ) 7. Which number is wrong? _. A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth( ) 8. The Peoples Liberation Army was founded _. A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August C. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927( ) 9. The number 4,123 is read _. A.four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B. four thousand and one hundred twenty-three C.four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three( ) 10. The old professor still works hard though he is _. A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty( ) 11. This classroom is _ ours. A. three times big as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D. as big three times as( ) 12. The basketball team of our school ranks _ in the match. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third( ) 13. Which is the car that he drives? Its _. A. fifty two B. the fifty-two cars C. the car fifty four D. the fifty-fourth car( ) 14. Which of the following is wrong? _. A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15. C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old.( ) 15. Our school is not very big. There are only _ students. A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of( ) 16. How many new words are there in _ lesson? There are only _. A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five( ) 17. _, Coca-Cola began to enter Chinas market. A. In 1970s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s D. In the 1970s( ) 18. There was no bus in that small town. We had a _. A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten miles walk D. tenth mile walk( ) 19. Today is the first day and _. A. Tuesday is fourth B. Thursday is the fourth C. second is Tuesday D. a second is Thursday( ) 20. Which room do you live in? _. A. The 201 Room B. Room 201 C. Room 201st D. The 201s Room( ) 21. How many magazines do you have? I have _. A. two B. both C. twice D. the second( ) 22. Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means _. A. 3,170 B. 3,117 C. 300,170 D. 30,170( ) 23. On May _, _ people traveled round the country. A. the first, millions B. the first, millions of C. first, the millionth D. first, millions( ) 24. _ of them are dining at school. A. Twelve B. Twelfth C. The twelve D. the 12th( ) 25. Its 7:17 is read _. A. seven and seventeen B. seven seven C. seven one seven D. seven seventeen( ) 26. Four _ two is two. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 27. Three _ five is eight. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 28. Three _ seven is twenty-one. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 29. Forty-two _ seven is six. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 30. There are _ days in a year. A. three hundred sixty and five B. three hundred and sixty-five C. three hundreds and sixty-five D. three hundred sixty-five( ) 31. There are _ students in that school. A. two thousand eight-six B. two thousand eighty-six C. two thousand and eighty-six D. two thousands and eighty-six( ) 32. It took me _ to get there. A. two hours and a half B. two hours and half C. two hour and a half D. two hour and half( ) 33. September is _ month of the year. A. the nineth B. the ninth C. nineth D. ninth( ) 34. Please pass me _ book on the left. A. third B. three C. the third D. the three( ) 35. _ is a very tall boy. A. The twelve B. The twelveth C. The twelfeth D. The twelfth( ) 36. We have known each other for _. A. a year and half B. a year with half C. a year and a half D. a year with a half( ) 37. “What year is it?” “Its _.” A. nineteen hundred and ninety-seven B. nineteen and ninety-seven C. nineteen ninety and seven D. nineteen ninety-seven( ) 38. “Whats the date today?” “Its _.” A. Tuesday B. June Fourth C. June the four D. June the fourth( ) 39. The train from Shanghai will arrive _. A. in quarter past six B. in a quarter past six C. at quarter past