Y77计算机英语复习题及答案

1 20112011 年常州电大五年制一次性考试年常州电大五年制一次性考试 计算机专业英语计算机专业英语 复习题及答案复习题及答案 一 短语中译英 1 数字计算机digital computer 2 电源power supply 3 电子表格spreadsheet 4 媒体播放器media player 5 检测病毒detect virus 6 操作系统operating system 7 硬盘驱动器hard disk drive 8 开机turn on the computer 9 办公自动化Office automation 10 调整亮度adjust brightness 11 图形用户界面Graphical User Interface12 集成电路integrated circuits 13 源盘source diskette 14 运算器Arithmetic Logical Unit 15 画笔paintbrush 16 自动格式化Auto Format 17 耗费时间的time consuming 18 数据结构data structure 19 根目录root directory 20 计算机辅助教育Computer Aided Instruction 二 词汇英译中 1 digital computer 数字计算机 2 power supply 电源 3 spreadsheet 电子表格 4 media player媒体播放器 5 detect virus 检测病毒 6 operating system 操作系统 7 hard disk drive 硬盘驱动器 8 turn on the computer开机 9 Office automation 办公自动化 10 adjust brightness 调整亮度 11 GUI 图形用户界面 12 integrated circuits 集成电路 13 source diskette 源盘 14 ALU运算器 15 paintbrush画笔 16 Auto Format 自动格式化 17 time consuming 耗费时间的 18 data structure 数据结构 19 root directory 根目录 20 CAI 计算机辅助教育 三 阅读理解题三 阅读理解题 1 Directions In this part there is one passage This passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions Read the passage and answer the questions Then mark your answer by 2 blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet Semiconductor memory is compact fast and inexpensive Today semiconductor memory is used in virtually all computers Several different types of semiconductor memory chips are used in computers They are RAM ROM PROM EPROM and EEPROM chips RAM Memory Random access memory or RAM is the name given to the integrated circuits or chips that are used for main memory Data and programs are transferred into and out of RAM and data stored in RAM is manipulated by computer program instructions There are two types of RAM memory chips dynamic RAM and static RAM Dynamic RAM DRAM chips are smaller and simpler in design than static RAM chips With dynamic RAM the current or charge on the chip is periodically regenerated by special regenerator circuits which allow the chip to retain the stored data Static RAM chips are larger and more complicated than dynamic RAM and do not require the current to be periodically regenerated The main memory of most computers uses dynamic RAM chips Some computers improve their processing efficiency by using a limited amount of high speed RAM memory between the CPU and main memory Fig 3 1 High speed memory used in this manner is called cache memory Cache memory is used to store the most frequently used instructions and data Fig 3 1 Some computers use an area of cache memory RAM memory is said to be volatile because the programs and data stored in RAM are erased when the power to the computer is turned off As long as the power remains on the programs and data stored in RAM will remain intact until they are replaced by other programs and data Programs and data that are needed for future use must be transferred from RAM to auxiliary storage before the power is turned off ROM Memory ROM stands for read only memory With ROM data is permanently recorded in the memory when it is manufactured ROM memory retains its contents even when the power is turned off The data or programs that are stored in ROM can be read and used but cannot be altered hence the name read only Other Types of Semiconductor Memory PROM means programmable read only memory PROM can be loaded with specially selected data or programs prior to installing it in a computer A variation of PROM is EPROM pronounced as e prom which means erasable programmable read only memory In CPU High speed Cache Memory Main Memory Auxiliary Storage 3 addition to being used in the same way as PROM EPROM allows the user to erase the data stored in the memory and to store new data or programs in the memory EPROM is erased through the use of special ultraviolet light devices that destroy the bit settings within the memory EEPROM pronounced as double ee prom or electronically erasable programmable read only memory allows the stored data or programs to be erased electronically 1 The main memory of most computers uses chips A EPROM B SRAM C ROM D DRAM 2 When main memory is its contents are changed A written B read C accessed D all of the above 3 What type of memory can only be read A ROM B RAM C SRAM D DRAM 4 When the power to the computer is turned off the programs and data stored in are erased A PROM B RAM C EEPROM D EPROM 答案 1 B 2 A 3 B 4 C 2 Reading Comprehension and answer the following questions in English 1 At the operating system level the standard prompt is X where X indicates the current active or default disk drive This prompt appears whenever the operating system is ready for a command Respond to the prompt by typing a command or filename and Enter The command C DIR A calls up the directory of the diskette in Drive A You can change the default drive by responding to the operating system prompt with the name of the new drive followed by a colon and Enter MS DOS offeers a hierarchical or tree directory stucture Any one directory can branch into subdirectories and the subdireetories can branch further All directories and subdirectory can also contain files You can group related files in subdirectories keeping each directory snmll and easy to manipulate Because all your operating system files are in the top directory called the root directory you begin in this directory when you boot up assuming your boot diskette does not have a batch file thatchanges directories automatically Keep your operating system files in the root directory You can then put other program and data files in appropriate subdirectories You can use following commands to create delete move to and search for directories within a tree directory structure In the following command all information inside the brackets is optional and path means pathname MD d path Make Directory Creates a new directory within the Structure d specifies any disk drive Path specifies where to locate the new directory within the structure RD d path 4 Remove Directory Deletes a directory All files must be deleted before you can delete a directory from the structure CD d path Change directory Changes to a new directory CD changes the current directory back to the root CD names the current directory you can also use DIR or DIR W You can use the HELP command to display detailed information about a paticular command The MEM command displays information about different types of memory conventional upper adapter RAM ROM extended and expanded or reserved A file s name is made up of a filename and an extension 1 Explain how to create a new directory in DOS MD d path d specifies any disk drive Path specifies where to locate the new directory within the structure 2 Explain how to delete a new directory in DOS RD d path All files must be deleted before you can delete a directory from the structure 3 Explain how call up the directory of the diskette in Drive E in DOS DIR E 4 How many types of memory are there in PC computers and what are they There are five types of memory They are conventional upper adapter RAM ROM extended and expanded or reserved 2 Almost all Windows 2000 tasks involve working with files and folders The work you do with files and folders falls into three categories You can perform basic file and folder tasks such as creating deleting copying and moving files and folders and more advanced tasks such as changing file and folder properties and nanaging shared folders You can narrow the focus of your file and folder searches by including additional search criteria such as the data type file size or case sensitivity You can also broaden the scope of your file searches by using wildcard characters and specifying literal text or regular expressions To open a file or folder you can open My Computer and then double click the drive that contains the file Double click the file or folder you want to open To open Windows Explorer you can click the drive of folder you want to work with Click the file or folder you want to copy or move On the Edit menu click Copy or click Cut to move the item Open the folder or disk where you want to copy or move the item On the Edit menu click Paste To delete or restore files in the Recycle Bin you can double click Recycle Bin on the desktop Do one of the following 1 To restore an item right click it and then click Restore To restore all of the items on the Edit menu click Select All and then on the File menu click Restore 2 To delete an item you can right click it and then click Delete To delete all of the item you can click Empty Recycle Bin on the File menu To change file Or folder properties you Can first open Windows Explorer then click the 5 file or folder whose properties you want to change click Properties on the File menu 1 Explain how to open a file or folder in windows 2000 You can open My Computer and then double click the drive that contains the file Double click the file or folder you want to open 2 Explain how to restore files in the Recycle Bin in windows 2000 To resore an item right click it and then click Restore To restore all of the items on the Edit menu click Selcet All and then on the File menu click Restore 3 Explain how to change file or folder properties You can first open Windows Explore then click the file or folder whose properties you want to change click Properties on the File name 4 Explain how to open Windows You can click the drive or folder you want to work with 四 翻译 英译中 练习 1 If you are booting from a system diskette you must first boot up and then begin running the applications software manually Call or start a program by typing the name of the program after the operating system prompt A or C Be sure to press Enter after the program name 若从系若从系统盘统盘启启动动 必 必须须先启先启动动成功 然后开始以手成功 然后开始以手动动方式运行方式运行应应用程序 在操作系用程序 在操作系统统提示符提示符 A 或或 C 后打入程序名可以后打入程序名可以调调用或启用或启动该动该程序 程序 务务必在程序名后打入必在程序名后打入 Enter 键键 浏览浏览器窗口包含如菜器窗口包含如菜单单条 条 标题栏标题栏 图标图标等等许许多不同的元素 在多不同的元素 在 windows 中启中启动动一个一个应应用程用程 序最快的方法是双序最快的方法是双击该击该程序程序项图标项图标 2 The Explore window includes many different elements such as the menu bar title bar and icons The fastest way to start an application program in Windows is to double click the program item icon Directories are indicated by folder icons files are indicated by document icons and program files are indicated by the program item icon 浏览浏览器窗口包含如菜器窗口包含如菜单单条 条 标题栏标题栏 图标图标等等许许多不同的元素 在多不同的元素 在 windows 中启中启动动一个一个应应用程用程 序最快的方法是双序最快的方法是双击该击该程序程序项图标项图标 目 目录录以文件以文件夹图标夹图标形式表示 文件以文件形式表示 文件以文件图标图标表示 程表示 程 序文件以程序序文件以程序项图标项图标表示表示 3 Monitor is a popular output device User can see hot command you entered into the computer and what responses the computer gives Video displays vary considerable in style and options Some display in black others are a more eyepleasing green and some can display in color 显显示器是一种典型的示器是一种典型的输输入装置 通入装置 通过显过显示器 用示器 用户户能看能看见见自己正向自己正向计计算机算机输输入的命令以及入的命令以及计计 算机算机给给出的相出的相应应信息 信息 显显示器的示器的样样式和配置多种多式和配置多种多样样 有些 有些显显示器的屏幕是黑色的 而有些示器的屏幕是黑色的 而有些 则则采用能使眼睛看起来采用能使眼睛看起来较较舒服的舒服的绿绿色 有些能色 有些能够显够显示彩色 示彩色 4 There are two basic types of modern electronic computers in use today analog computers and digital computers Digital computers are made for both special and general uses A special purpose computer is one that s designed to perform only one specific task A general purpose computer is one that can store different programs and can thus be used in countless applications Unless otherwise noted all our future discussion of computer will be about general purpose digital systems 目前使用两种基本目前使用两种基本类类型的型的电电子子计计算机 模算机 模拟计拟计算机和数字算机和数字计计算机 数字算机 数字计计算机可分算机可分为专为专用的用的 6 和通用的 和通用的