2015届高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题突破六 形容词和副词课件 牛津译林版

形容词与副词是高考考查的热点，高考英语中单项填空、完形填空、书面表达，任何一项题目中都有可能涉及形容词等级、辨析和在句中的位置。主要考查以下几个方面：在具体的语境中考查形容词词义辨析；考查形容词作状语；考查比较级的用法尤其是隐性比较；考查一些习语搭配；与形容词同形的副词和形容词后加ly构成的副词的区别；多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序等。,一、形容词和副词的辨析形容词和副词的辨析主要分为两类：一类是给出语境，让学生选择符合这种语境的形容词或副词；另一类是一定语境中形容词或副词的辨析。近三年考查到的还有：形容词appropriate；conscious；arbitrary；controversialcommercial；generous；comparable；profitablereasonable；confident；creative；grateful,important；spare；public；convenientdramatic；regional；apparent；subtleunchallenged；relevant；controversial；contradictoryvital；available；specific；similaravailable；affordable；acceptable；valuable,副词hopefully；curiously；occasionally；graduallythus；besides；rather；otherwisecompetitively；recently；reasonably；affordablybesides；however；therefore；insteadbesides；otherwise；however；altogetherespecially；equally；naturally；normallynevertheless；besides；otherwise；thereforeespecially；regularly；particularly；approximately,高考体验1(2013浙江卷)Mary worked here as a _secretary and ended up getting a fulltime job with the company.Apessimistic BtemporaryCprevious Dcautious答案B考查形容词辨析。句意：玛丽刚开始在公司是临时秘书，但最终她在这里得到了一份全职的工作。temporary“暂时的，临时的”，符合语境。pessimistic“悲观的”；previous“先前的”；cautious“谨慎的”。,2(2013福建卷)The Forbidden City attracts a _ stream of visitors every day, especially during national holidays.Aconstant BmainCpowerful Dshallow答案A考查形容词辨析。句意：紫禁城每天都吸引着络绎不绝的游客，特别是在国庆节期间。a constant stream of visitors表示“络绎不绝的游客”。constant“持续不断的”，符合句意。main“主要的”；powerful“强有力的”；shallow“浅的”。,3. (2013安徽卷)David is_animal fur, so he wont visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house.Acurious about Ballergic toCsatisfied with Dfond of答案B考查形容词短语辨析。(be) curious about“对好奇的”；(be) allergic to“对过敏的”；(be) satisfied with“对满意的”；(be) fond of“喜欢”。根据空格后面的so he wont visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house可知，戴维对动物皮毛“过敏”。,4(2010陕西卷)Studies show that people are more_to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.Alikely BpossibleCprobable Dsure答案A句意为：研究表明如果总是长时间地坐在电脑屏幕前，人们的背部很有可能会出现毛病。本题考查表“可能性”的三个形容词possible，probable，likely在搭配上的区别：It is possible/probable/likely that 从句；It is possible for sb to do sth；Sb/Sth is likely to do sth。,二、形容词和副词比较等级(1)比较等级的常见句型比较等级的常见句型有：两者比较，用“比较级 than”表示。表示“两者之间较的那个”用“the比较级n. of the two n.”。表示“越，就越”用“the 比较级，the 比较级”。,as原级adj./adv.as .表示“和一样”。not as/so原级adj./adv.as .表示“不如”。In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled as far as the local market.(2010上海卷)在古代，人们很少进行长距离旅行，大多数农民到的最远的地方就是当地市场。I have seldom seen my mother so pleased with my progress as she is now.(2010全国卷)我很少见到我妈妈像现在这样对我的进步感到满意。,It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。(2)比较等级前常用的修饰语比较等级前常用的修饰语有：a little, a bit, slightly，much, a lot, a great deal, any, far, by far, even, still等。The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting. Why? Its far more interesting than the films I have ever seen.(2011江西卷)我不得不说这部电影一点意思也没有。为什么？它比我以前看过的所有电影都有趣多了。,(3)否定词比较级最高级“否定词比较级”表达最高级含义：Mr. Stevenson is great to work for I really couldnt ask for a better boss.(2011全国卷)为斯蒂文森先生工作感觉非常好，我真的找不到比他更好的老板了。(4) 比较等级的其他表达法The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much the better.(2012全国卷)结果对我们来说并不是非常重要，但如果我们确实赢了，那就更好了(在赢与不赢之中)。Next to biology, I like physics best.(2012全国卷)我最喜欢的是生物，其次是物理。,高考体验1(2013新课标卷)Tony can hardly boil an egg, still _cook dinner.Aless BlittleCmuch Dmore答案A考查习惯用语。句意：托尼几乎不会煮鸡蛋，更何况作饭呢。still less意为“何况，更不用说”，符合句意。,2(2013新课标卷)It may not be a great suggestion. But before_is put forward, well make do with it.Aa good one Ba better oneCthe best one Da best one答案B考查形容词比较级。句意：它或许不是一个好建议，但在更好的建议被提出之前，我们先凑合一下。此处暗含比较，表示“一条更好的建议”，是泛指，故选B。,3(2013江西卷)There are a small number of people involved, possibly_twenty.Aas few as Bas little asCas many as Das much as答案A考查固定搭配。句意：只有少数人被卷入进来，可能只有20人。as few as“只有(用于强调数量出乎意料得少)”，符合句意。,4(2012北京卷)Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs_.Asome Bless Cmuch Dmore答案D考查比较级。句意：很多人捐献了那种血型的血，然而，血库还需要更多(那种血)。根据句意可判断，应用表示肯定意义的比较级形式。故D项正确。,一、连接副词副词起连接作用，使前后句构成某种逻辑上的衔接。常见的连接副词有therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover，thus, meanwhile 等。 I am wrong. Similarly, you are to blame. 我错了。同样地，你也该受到谴责。Seize the chance. Otherwise youll regret it.抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。,They are enjoying themselves. (Or) Rather, they appear to be enjoying themselves. 他们玩得很开心，更精确地说，他们好像正玩得很开心。He forgot to turn on the radio and thus missed the program. 他忘了打开收音机， 因此错过了那个节目。It may snow, but anyhow I will go to town.可能下雪，但我无论如何要进城。He said he would come; he didnt, though. 他说他要来，可是并没有来。Mother went shopping；meanwhile, I cleaned the house. 母亲去买东西；我打扫屋子。,高考体验1(2013江西卷)What a terrible experience！_， youre safe now thats the main thing.AAnyway BBesidesCOtherwise DTherefore答案A考查副词辨析。句意：多么可怕的经历啊！不过你现在安全了这是主要的事情。anyway“无论如何，总之”，符合语境。besides“此外，另外”；otherwise“否则”；therefore“因此”。,2(2012湖南)Bicycling is good exercise; _， it does not pollute the air. Anevertheless BbesidesCotherwise Dtherefore答案B本题考查副词含义辨析。根据句意：“骑自行车是一种很好的运动方式，而且又不会造成大气污染”故选B(besides而且，加之，除此以外)。,3(2012浙江卷)Mike was usually so careful, _this time he made a small mistake.Ayet Bstill Ceven Dthus答案A 句意：麦克通常很认真的，然而(yet)这次他犯了个小错误。still仍旧；even甚至；thus因此，均不符合语境，故排除。,二、倍数表达法倍数的常见表达方式：(1)倍数as原级形容词(副词)as.(2)倍数the size/length/width/depth/height of.(3)倍数比较级than.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.(2011陕西卷)为迎接下一届亚运会而正在修建的体育场将是现在的三倍大。Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks, but it cost twice as much as his.(2009辽宁卷)彼得的上衣看上去与杰克的一样，但花了他两倍的价钱。,高考体验1(2013安徽卷)Its said that the power plant is now_large as what it was.Atwice as Bas twiceCtwice much Dmuch twice答案A考查倍数表达法。句意：据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。倍数表达法有多种，此处考查的是“倍数词as形容词/副词原级as其他”结构，故选A。,2(2012全国卷)This restaurant wasnt_that other restaurant we went to.Ahalf as good as Bas half good asCas good as half Dgood as half as答案A考查倍数表达法。句意：这家餐馆还没有我们去过的其他餐馆的一半好呢。本题为倍数表达法之一：倍数asadj.原级as比较成分。,一、形容词作状语形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表达动作的方式。After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired.经过长时间旅行后，他们三个回到家，又饿又累。,高考体验1(2010安徽卷)_，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.AShy and cautiousBSensitive and thoughtfulCHonest and confidentDLighthearted and optimistic答案D 句意：她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。本题考查形容词作伴随状语。shy and cautious 害羞的、小心的；sensitive and thoughtful 敏感的、多思的；honest and confident 诚实的、自信的。,2(2010浙江卷)When it was his turn to deliver his speech，_，he walked towards the microphone.Anervously and embarrassinglyBnervous and embarrassedlyCnervously and embarrassingDnervous and embarrassed答案D该题考查形容词作状语。形容词一般作定语，但也可作状语。如：He lay in bed，awake. 再如：Her husband came back，drunk.,二、常见搭配1Mary is very clever and _worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look, he is now_asleep in class.Avery，very Bmuch，veryCwell，very Dwell，fast【陷阱】 容易误选A。因为许多学生往往将汉语中的“很”与英语中的 very等同。,答案D许多汉语中的“很”是不能用英语中的 very 来直译的。如汉语“我很喜欢英语”，在英语中就不能说成 I very like English，而应说成 I like English very much，因为副词 very 在英语中习惯上不用来修饰动词。上面一题不能选A，是因为形容词 worth 和 asleep 习惯上不能用副词 very 来修饰，而是分别用 well 和 fast修饰，即说成 be well worth doing sth(很值得作某事)，be fast (或 sound) asleep(熟睡)，所以此题的最佳答案应选D。,2Entering the house we found him lying on the bed with his mouth _and eyes_.Aopen, close Bopened, closedCopened, close Dopen, closed【陷阱】 此题很容易误选A。答案Dopen 和 close 均可用作动词，前者表示“开”，后者表示“关”，是一对反义词，如：Please open your mouth and close your eyes. 请张开嘴，闭上眼。但是 open 和 close 也可用作形容词，此时前者意为“开着的”，后者意为“接近的”、“亲近的”等，而并不表示“关着的”，要表示“关着的”，英语用 closed，即用作形容词时，open 与close 不是一对反义词，而与 close