高考英语专题总结短文改错

高考新题型 短文改错 Contents 高考短文改错应试策略及答题原则 高考短文改错命题特征及命题趋势 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 2012年高考短文改错真题实战演练 本题满分10分 给出一篇约100个单词的短文 文中有10处错误 要求考生对每个句子进行判断 如有错误即将其改正 错误类型包括词法 句法 行文逻辑等方面的错误 注意答题说明及答题规范 文中共有10处语言错误 每句中最多有两处 每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加 删除或修改 增加 1 2个 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 并在其下面写上该加的词 删除 1 2个 把多余的词用斜线 划掉 不计分 修改 6 8个 在错的词下面划一横线 并在该词下面写上修改后的词 注意 1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词 2 只允许修改10处 多者 丛第11处起 不计分 注意答题说明及答题规范 纵观近年高考英语短文改错题 学生和老师都认为难度不大 然而 每年高考中还是有不少考生对此题深感头痛 主要原因是 考生的英语基础知识不扎实 考生缺乏对短文改错命题特点的了解和做题规律方法的总结 重视掌握基本的词汇和语法知识 规范使用常用的词语和习语 广泛阅读 增强语感 提高语言知识运用的准确性 做题时以句子为单位 从语篇角度把握内容 查找行文逻辑错误 错误的设置一般都是中学生写作时常出现的错误 改错训练和书面表达训练结合 短文中所设的错误大部分都是所谓的 语法 错误 但是这种试题并不是单纯检测语法知识的 而是检测考生的写作能力中的校验能力 试题的立意特征 高考短文改错命题特征及命题趋势 高考短文改错涉及词汇 语法 句型结构等方面的知识和逻辑推断和综合辨析 是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型 题材以记叙文为主 题材和语言符合中学生实际 句子结构由简单句主逐渐过渡到以复合句和并列句为主 学生在平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错的考查的重点 试题的情景特征 高考短文改错命题特征及命题趋势 高考短文改错的难度 错误类型设置 文章长度通常不会有太大变化 考查会更加注重语用功能 取材范围将更广泛 并注重语言的综合运用能力 试题的命题趋势 高考短文改错命题特征及命题趋势 WhattypesofmistakesareusuallyinvolvedinPassageCorrecting Whatisthemethodofcorrecting 高考短文改错命题规律 高考短文改错命题规律 动词形 名词数还要注意形和副非谓语 细辨别介词短语要牢记 ALimerick 五行打油诗 代词格 细领悟句子成分多分析冠词连词常光顾逻辑错误须关注 错误主要集中在动词的时态 语态 主谓一致等方面 2006安徽卷 Anyonecanborrowbooksifheorshewish 2006安徽卷 Youcansitatthedeskandreadthedailynewspapers magazinesandtheotherbooks butyouarenotpermittotakethemout wishes permitted 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 2006NMET WehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinaB Bhotelbefore 2006天津 Today IgotaletterthatsaidIhadbeenadmittingtoacollege 2006四川 Wehungasignonthefrontdoorthatwasread We rehavingdinner had admitted 2006陕西 I llsendmyfriendCharlietomeetyouattheairportwhenyouarrived 2006湖北 sometimesallthatisneedissomeonetorelyon 2007天津卷 InGradeEightItookphysics InonetestIgetonly36percentoftheanswerscorrect got arrive needed 2010四川卷 Andaftermanyattempts shepastherdrivingtestandtoldherhusbandthat 2010四川卷 AnEnglishladywasfinallydecidedthatshereallyshouldlearntodrive 2010重庆卷 Afterhearingyoursadstories hewillsaysomewordsthatisniceandwarm passed are 2010陕西 Itwasturnedouttobeherowncup 2011陕西 bythetimeIgotback theyhavefinishedthesceneand 2011浙江 Sheknowswhathadhappened butshethankedme had knew 2011全国卷1 However myfatherhadtoreturntoworkonMondaysoweflybacklastSaturdayafternoon 2011辽宁 InearlyJanuarythisyear therateofUFOreportsweresteady flew was 2011全国卷I Iholdmylunch boxinmyhandwhenIwasgoingtoschool Thesmellfromitwasverygood 2011重庆卷 Katia likemanyotherRussiangirls areniceandlively held is 解决方案 1 通读全文 搞清文中动词时态的主旋律 2 结合语境 灵活运用时态形式 3 认真推敲 准确把握主动与被动 2006浙江卷 YourknowledgesofEnglishcanhelpthewholeclass 2006陕西卷 Thelibraryhasallkindsofbook I msureyouwillfindoneyoulike books knowledge 名词爱考数与格 也要分清可不可 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 2006福建卷 Ifyouhaveinterestsinit replytomesoon 2006陕西卷 Theyhaveallsortsofcourse I msureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit 2006重庆卷 Insummer theseaundertheblueskiesisevenmorebeautiful interest courses sky 2007陕西卷 Personally Ifoundmostlessonratheruninteresting 2008浙江卷 Anearbycompanywaslookingforstudentswithgoodhandwritingtowriteaddressesonenvelope Thepaywas10centsperenvelope 2010四川卷 Infact I venearlykilledthreepeoples lessons envelopes people 2010全国 卷 Christiewasoneofmybestfriendathighschool 2011全国 卷 Mybrotherwassomuchfondofthemuseumstherethathebeggedmyparentstostayanotheracoupleofday 2011四川卷 Tomwashavingmuchtroublesgettingupinthemorning trouble friends days 2011陕西卷 Icameacrossacrewmakinganewfilmwithoneofmyfavoriteactor 2011浙江卷 Iwasplayingatmycousinhouse 2011辽宁卷 therateofUFOreportswassteady aroundthreeperweeks actors cousin s week 1 修饰名词 作宾补及连系动词后用形容词 2 修饰动词 形容词 副词及整个句子时用副词 3 比较级和最高级的使用 2006福建卷 Wecanhearbirdssinginghappyallaround 2007浙江卷 Iwontherace Ifeltveryproudlyofmyself proud happily 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 2006辽宁卷 Shewasusualpatientwithherstudentsandnevermadethemdisappointed 2008全国卷 卷 IwilllearnmoreaboutthehistoryoftheOlympicsasgoodasthe2008Olympicgames usually well 2009陕西卷 Thedoctorsaysheisrecoveringfastthanexpected 2010辽宁卷 Shewas infact ratherattractively faster attractive 2010重庆卷 Still yourhappinessmakeshimhappilytoo 2011四川卷 I mpleasingtohearit saidhisboss butwherewereyouyesterday happy pleased 2007浙江卷 Icouldnottorunveryfastandfellbehind 2007宁夏卷 LiMingcameseemeeveryday to 主要错误为三种 非谓语的混淆 不定式to的遗漏或多用 非谓语与谓语动词的混淆 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 2008重庆卷 Andthereweremanymeaningfulthingsthatwereworththinkof 2008辽宁卷 Weallenjoyedthispreciousdaygreatly rememberthetimewespenttogetherandthepeopletheywerefamiliarwith remembering thinking 2009浙江 Itwasalessonthatitwaspossiblegivewithoutexpectinganythinginreturn 2010课标全国卷 Ontheboxwasacardsaid 25cents to saying 2010浙江卷 InoticedMotherlookingatthenearbytableoccupybyanelderlywoman 2010重庆卷 Hehadtimeforaproperbreakfastandwasstillthefirstreachthefactory occupied to 2011陕西卷 Icameacrossacrewmakeanewfilmwithoneofmyfavoriteactors 2011四川卷 Themandidastoldandsleptreallywell wakeupbeforethealarmhadevengoneoff making waking 2011辽宁卷 Thecommandingofficer WayneTyler whowasdirectlyresponsibleforthestudyofallsuchreports decidedtomakinghisfindingsknown make 解决方案 1 纵观全文或全句 明确句中动词所作的句子成分 2 系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能 3 前后联系 整体把握 losemyheartsuchmanypeopleinhurryinashortinSundayafternoon a on so 介词多半考搭配 多 漏 误用想周到 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 2006天津卷 Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer mylifechanged 2006福建卷 IhavebeentoldonemoreworkerwillbeneededthisyearandIthinkyouarefitit 2006福建卷 Itissoabeautifulplace of for such 2011浙江卷 Iwouldneverbeabletoenjoytoplayingwiththetoy 2011陕西卷 abouttoleavewhenhewalkedoutabuilding 2011浙江卷 TherewasoneonparticularI dalwayswanted of in 解决方案 1 平时的学习中注意积累语言知识 特别是一些固定搭配的记忆 2 强化语法训练 分清连词 副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能 3 语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合起来 人称代词的性别 单复数及代词格的误用 物主代词 反身代词以及不定代词的误用 it 一词的不当使用 包括用于从句中或作形式主语或宾语 Whose和who s its和it s的混淆 代词方面的错误主要体现在 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 I me we us you you you you he him she her it it they them 2007全国I卷 Iwasonlyaboutsixwhenheheldhishandouttome Itookitinmeandwewalked 2007陕西卷 JustatthattimeIwokeupandfoundmestillinbed mine myself 2008全国II卷 Ishouldbeabletotellvisitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshowthemtheirgreatachievement 2011重庆卷 WiththehelpofKatia aroommateofme I vesoongotusedtolivingwithoutmyparents 2011全国II卷 Thankyouverymuchforshowingthemaroundyourcityandprovidinguswiththewonderfulmeals our mine us 解决方案 1 顺藤摸瓜 理清短文中代词的指代关系 注意联系上下文 2 系统掌握it的各种用法 3 准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使用 句法涉及到一致 从句多考引导词 误用 多用或遗漏 2007天津卷 Iwasluckyenoughtohaveateacherwhichdidn ttakemybadgradesasajudgmentofmyabilities who that 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 2008年安徽卷 Shelookedatmeandstartedtolaugh Howareyoulaughing Iasked 2009辽宁卷 OnedayIsawasecond handbicycle thatwasonlyonehundredyuan Why which 2010陕西卷 Itturnedouttobeherowncup thatshe dleftontheshelfbymistake 2010宁夏青海卷 letmeknowwhatthingsaregoing which how 2011辽宁卷 therateofUFOreportsweresteady 2011重庆卷 Katiawillintroducemetosomeofherfriends oneofwhohasbeentoChinaseveraltimes was whom 2010重庆卷 Hereismyideaabouthowafriendislike 2010全国 卷 Soiftheyhadsaidwastrue Iwouldhaveachanceofwinningtheprize what what 解决方案 1 不同的句子成分要用不同的词类 2 不同的语境要选择不同的词语 3 只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析 才能找出用词不当的错误 冠词在前 错 多 少 常考的错误形式有 冠词the a an的误用 多用或少用 2oo7全国卷II ImeanttowritelongletterandtellyouallthethingsI mdoingattheschool a 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 2007四川卷 AnAustralianfarmerfoundthekangaroocaughtinthefencearoundhisfarms 2010陕西卷 Thenshebentdownandpickeduptolookatapriceonit a the 2011陕西卷 Hewasrightthereinthefrontofme 2010课标全国卷 MyfriendNicktoldmestoryabouthisexperiencebackintheUS a 2011全国卷2 Ifyou dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday Iwillbemorethanhappytobeyourguide 2011浙江卷 Itwasverynicetogetyourinvitationtospendweekendwithyou a the 连词常考but and or so等的逻辑错误 以及搭配错误 2006辽宁卷 Shealwaysmadesurethatourhomeworkwasfinishedontime butshemarkedstrictlyonouractualperformance and 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 2007浙江卷 TodayIwashavingaPElessonwhileIfelldownandhurtmyfoot 2007四川卷 Hethoughtthepooranimalwasinjured butthekindfarmertookoffhisjacketandputontheanimal when so 2007四川卷 Heworkedhard butitwasn tsurprisingthathepasstheexam 2010课程标准卷 myneighborpickeduptheboxbutannounced and so and 2010辽宁卷 Herhairwasblackandpurple andsheworeblacksportsshoesandablacksweater althoughinthesummer 2010全国 AllIhadtodowastowriteastoryorpresentit even and 2011四川 Hisbosswantedtofirehimifhedidn tstartcomingontime buthewenttothedoctorforahelp 2011全国II卷 It sbeenaweekafterweleftyourfamilyandwearenowbackhome a so since 词法句法均未错 逻辑推理来寻找 主要是句子之间逻辑关系的矛盾 代词在人称上的不一致等 2006四川卷 Thatnight wesatdowntowhattheythoughtwouldbeapleasant uninterruptedmeals we 短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳 2010陕西卷 Theassistantwasclearlyasembarrassedasmysister forIjustthoughtitwasfunny 2011辽宁卷 WayneTyler decidedtomakehisfindingsknown Theywroteanarticle He but yet while 2011陕西卷 Ididn thavemycamerawithmeatthattime butIrushedbackhometoget 2011陕西卷 Unfortunately bythetimeIgotback theyhadfinishedthesceneandtheactorcouldn tbeseeneverywhere and so anywhere 2011全国卷II Ifyou dliketomakeatriptomycitysomeday Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide Ihavetotakeupapart timejobbecausemyfamilyisrichenough more not 三步 高考短文改错应试策略及答题原则 通读全文 把握大意细读全文 仔细斟酌再读全文 复核审查 六原则 以在有错行改动一词为原则 以改变实词形式为原则 以单词形式变化最小为原则 以添加或删除虚词为原则 以多 改正 少 添删 为原则 以保持原意不变为原则 高考短文改错应试策略及答题原则 四不改 标点符号不改 大小写不改 词序错误不改 单词拼写不改 高考短文改错应试策略及答题原则 IlearnedearlyinlifethatIhadtobemorepatientandlittleaggressive FromthetimeIwasaboutfouruntilIwasaboutsix Idestroyedeachofmytoy Iwashappywhenthetoysworked butwhenthingsdidwrong Igotangryandbrokeit Forawhileparentsboughtmenewtoys Butbeforelongtheybegantoseewhichwashappening WhenItearapartmyfifthbirthdaytoytrain myfathersaid That sit Nomoretoystoyou Mypunishmentlastedayear Meanwhile IfoundoutthatwithmorepatienceImustmakemytoystolast Myattitudechangedfromthenon 2012年高考短文改错真题实战演练 IlearnedearlyinlifethatIhadtobemorepatientandlittleaggressive FromthetimeIwasaboutfouruntilIwasaboutsix Idestroyedeachofmytoy Iwashappywhenthetoysworked butwhenthingsdidwrong Igotangryandbrokeit Forawhileparentsboughtmenewtoys less my them go went toys Butbeforelongtheybegantoseewhichwashappening WhenItearapartmyfifthbirthdaytoytrain myfathersaid That sit Nomoretoystoyou Mypunishmentlastedayear Meanwhile IfoundoutthatwithmorepatienceImustmakemytoystolast Myattitudechangedfromthenon for what tore could MyfatherandIstayedattheSouthLakeHotelforaweekwhenwevisitBeijinglastmonth Itisinthedowntownarea butitiseasytogotoanywherefromthehotelbypublictransport Welivedinacomfortablydouble roomwithabigbath WhatIlikedbestwerethefreehigh speedInternetconnectionintheroom Icheckedmyemailmessageseveryday IalsosharedformyfriendsmanyphotostakinginBeijing Thefoodwaswonderfulwithreasonableprices andweenjoyedseverallocaldish ItissuchgreathotelthatIwouldrecommendittoanyfriendofmewhoisgoingtoBeijing 2012年高考短文改错真题实战演练 MyfatherandIstayedattheSouthLakeHotelforaweekwhenwevisitBeijinglastmonth Itisinthedowntownarea butitiseasytogotoanywherefromthehotelbypublictransport Welivedinacomfortablydouble roomwithabigbath WhatIlikedbestwerethefreehigh speedInternetconnectionintheroom visited so and comfortable was Icheckedmyemailmessageseveryday IalsosharedformyfriendsmanyphotostakinginBeijing Thefoodwaswonderfulwithreasonableprices andweenjoyedseverallocaldish ItissuchgreathotelthatIwouldrecommendittoanyfriendofmewhoisgoingtoBeijing with taken dishes a mine DearDiana Thankyouforthelovelydaywehavewithyou ItwassokindtoryoutoletusbringAnne sfriend Gina Unfortunate theonlyproblemwasthejourneyhome Therehadbeenaterribleaccidentonthehighwayand foraresult therewasalonglineoftrafficforatleastsixmile Intheend wedrovetoaservicestationandwaitedthereunlesstheroadwasclear InthecarparkGinanearlygotknockedoverasacardroveoutfartooquicklyfrombehindalorry TheyfinallydroppedGinaoffatherparents andmadeourownwaytohome DearDiana Thankyouforthelovelydaywehavewithyou ItwassokindforyoutoletusbringAnne sfriend Gina Unfortunate theonlyproblemwasthejourneyhome Therehadbeenaterribleaccidentonthehighwayand foraresult therewasalonglineoftr