虚拟语气PPT演示课件

虚拟语气 Outlook俱乐部 1 陈述语气陈述事实或提出看法 有肯定 否定 疑问或感叹等形式Iwenttothetheatreyesterday Jackhadn tcomebackhomeyet 祈使语气请求 邀请 命令 警告或劝告等Let sgo Don ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings 一 语气的分类 2 虚拟语气 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式 一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实 而是一种假设 猜测 怀疑等 在条件从句中或让步状语从句中 一是表示说话人的愿望 要求 命令 建议等 在宾语从句 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 虚拟语气的概念 3 虚拟语气的主要内容 一 非真实条件句 if等 中的虚拟语气时态一致2 混合条件句3 含蓄条件句4 倒装句5 Ifonly感叹二 名词性从句的虚拟语气 宾语从句 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句三 几种特殊的虚拟语气句式wish asif though wouldrather It stime It snecessary strange matural inportant that从句 4 虚拟语气 一 在条件从句中 叫虚拟条件句 表示与事实相反的条件 分三种情况 以do为例 虚拟语气在在条件从句中 5 1 IfIhadHIV IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick 2 IfIwereyou IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug 3 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadeamistake 4 Ifhehadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 6 5 Ifitshouldraintomorrow theywouldn tgoforanouting 6 Ithinkwecoulddoit ifweplanneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools 7 Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife 与将来事实相反 7 2 错综时间的虚拟句通常情况下 在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的 但有时也可能指不同的时间 这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式 1 IfIwereyou Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice 从句指现在 主句指过去 2 IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning Iwouldnotbewetnow 从句指过去 主句指现在 3 Ifwehadn tbeenworkinghardinthepastfewyears thingswouldn tbegoingsosmoothly 从句指过去 主句指现在 4 Iftheweatherhadbeenmorefavorable thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter 从句指过去 主句指现在 5 Ifwehadnotgoteverythingreadybynow weshouldbehavingamoreterribletimetomorrow 从句指现在 主句指将来 8 3 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来 二是暗含在上下文中 比如通过介词短语来表示 这些介词常是 butfor without otherwise等 如 Butforyouradvice Icouldnothavedoneitsosuccessfully 如果不是听了你的建议 我就不会做的如此成功 Thechangecouldnothavetakenplacewithouttheopen doorpolicy 没有开放的政策 就不会有如此大的变化 Iwassobusythen Otherwise Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer 我当时很忙 否则 我就会把答案告诉他的 9 虚拟语气 4 省略if的条件从句当从句中有were had或should时 可省略if 而把它们放在句首 IfIweretomeethimtomorrow Ishouldaskhimaboutit WereItomeethimtomorrow Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime hewouldtryagain Shouldhefailintheexperiment Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier youwouldhavemethim 虚拟语气在在条件从句中 Hadyoucomeafew 10 5 Ifonly 要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice IfonlyIcouldseehimagain 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了 要是我没错过火车就好了 Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain 11 a Ifthey be here they take youradvice b Iftheworld war burst outagain what happen toourpeopleonearth were wouldtake burst wouldhappen PRACTICE1 Fillintheblanks 12 c Ifthepoliceman benot inthatroomnow it be verydangerous d IfI be inyourpositionatthistime I ask forteacher shelp werenot couldbe were wouldask 13 Ifhe morecarefully he thecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad 14 a IfTom be morecarefulintheexam he pass italready b Ifyou get upearlier you catch thefirsttrain hadbeen wouldhavepassed hadgot wouldhavecaught PRACTICE2 Fillintheblanks 15 c IfI meet youyesterday we go totheconcerttogether hadmet wouldhavegone 16 3 名词性从句的虚拟语气 主要是表示命令 要求 建议的虚拟语气 宾语从句 常见动词 一个坚持 insist两个命令 order command三个建议 advise suggest propose五个要求 demand require request desireask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 17 我们建议Tom去休息一下 他坚决要求我到场 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作 WesuggestedthatTomhavearest HeinsistedthatI should bepresent Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday Theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere 18 虚拟语气在 在宾语从句中 注意 insist suggest各有两意思 要用不同的语气 表 坚决要求 虚拟 should do 表 坚称 坚持说 陈述语气 表事实 表 建议 虚拟 should do 表 表明 暗示 用陈述语气 Theteachersuggestedthatwe moreafterclass 我们课后多练习 Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe happyHeinsistedthatallofus thereontimebyanymeans 我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿 Heinsistedthathe thewallet 没有偷钱包 insist suggest should practise was shouldbe didn tsteal 19 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句 表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气 从句中的动词形式一样 即 should V order advice suggestion proposal demand request desire 20 It ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown 21 二 虚拟语气特殊句型 wish的宾语从句 现在 过去 将来 过去时 were 过去完成时 would could might V should IwishIwereabird 现在 IwishIhadn tmadesuchamistake 过去 Wewishourparentswouldn tpunishus 将来 asif asthough引起的从句 其用法同wish构成的宾语从句一样 Asif though和wish用法相同 22 Helooksasifheweredrunk Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson Itseemsasifitwerespring Irememberedthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday 23 2 wouldrather that 现在 过去 将来 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow Iwouldratheryouhadgone too Don tcome Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 过去时 过去时 过去完成时 24 3 It s about high time that should V 过去时 你该走了 我们该去睡觉了 It shightimethatyouwent It shightimethatyouweregoing It shightimethatyoushouldgo It stimethatwewenttobed It stimethatweshouldgotobed Should不可省略 25 4 It snecessary strange natural important that Clause从句中的动词要用虚拟 即 should 动词原形 Itisimportantthatwe should masteraforeignlanguage Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty It snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard 26 虚拟语气 Alan thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon A wouldhavemissedB hadmissedC wouldmissD missed2 Itwasthedrug notthedisease thatkilledtheboy Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe thatdrug A nottakeB hadn ttakenC didn ttakeD shouldn thavetaken Exercises 27 虚拟语气 3 IfonlyI tomyparents ButIdidn t A listenedB hadlistenedC shouldlistenD wouldlisten4 TomsuggestedthatAnn thehouse A sellB soldC shallsellD wouldsell5 Iwishthisbus totheuniversity A goB wentC hasgoneD hadgone 28 虚拟语气 6 Simonlooksasthoughhenever asquaremeal 吃得饱 thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell A getB gettingC gotD shouldget7 HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe there A hadbeenB wereC wasD been8 I yousomemoney butIhadn tgotanythen A wouldlendB wouldhavelentC couldlendD mayhavelent 29 虚拟语气 9 HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing No butIwishI A haveB willC doD had10 Idon tthinkitistherighttimethatyou A willgoB wentC goD mustgo11 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken 30 虚拟语气 12 2003上海春季高考题 LookatthetroubleIamin IfonlyI youradvice A followedB wouldfollowC hadfollowedD shouldfollow13 2002上海高考题 ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI inlove attheageofseven withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown A wouldn thavefallenB hadnotfallenC shouldfallD weretofall14 Sheinsistedthatshe illofhimbehindhim buthedidn tbelieveit A hadn tspokenB shouldn tspeakC wouldn tspeakD notspeak 31 三种基本形式 IfIhadabike Iwouldlendittoyou if从句用过去时 主句用should would could might 不定式 Ifhehadbeenhere hewouldhavehelpedyou 从句过去完成时 主句should would could might 不定式完成时 IfIshould weretodotheexperiment Iwoulddoitsomeotherway 从句用should wereto 主句用should would could might 不定式 32 if的省略 1 Wereyouinmyposition youwoulddothesame 2 Hadhecomeearlier hewouldhaveseenher 3 Shouldtheyattackus wewouldwipethemoutcompletely 33 Ifonly Ifonlyyouwouldlistentoreason IfonlyIweretenyearsyounger IFonlyhedidn tdrivesofast Ifonlyhehadaskedsomeone sadvice IfIcouldonlygototheconcert IfIcouldonly but justexplain 34 Iwish IwishIknewtheanswer IwishIhadknowntheaddress IwishIwereyoung Iwishyouwouldstopaskingsillyquestions IwishedIknewhisaddress 发生在过去 IwassorryIdidn tknowhisaddress IwishedIwereyoung IwassorryIwasnotyoung 35 Wouldrather Iwouldratheryoutoldherthetruth I dratheryoucametomorrow I drather that hepainteditblue Iwould just assoonthatJohnhadnotspokenrudelytome 36 Itis high timethat Itistimewe leave Itistimewe go tobed It shightimethatyouwereinbed It sabouttimeweleft 37 It simportantthat Itisimportantthatwe speak politely Itisimperativethatwe practice criticismandself criticismstrange advisable anxious crucial appropriatecompulsory desirable eager essential fitting imperative 绝对必要的 impossible improper natural necessary obligatory preferable proper urgent vital willing 38 Iinsistthat Iinsistthatwe go therebybus Hesugg