欧洲文化入门复习资料.doc

* 1 *1. _ believed that the highest good in life was pleasure, freedom from pain and emotional upheaval. A. Sophists B. Cynics C. Skeptics D. Epicureans2. _ is said to have told the king of Syracuse: Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world. A. Archimedes B. Aristotle C. Plato D. Euclid3. Increasingly troubled by the inroads of northem tribes such as Goths, the West Roman Empire finally collapsed in _ A. 395 B. 27 C. 1453 D. 4764. The City of God was written by _, the most important of all the leaders of Christian thought. A. Jesus B. Augustine C. Thomas Aquinas D. Martin Luther5. _ was a painter, a sculptor, an architect, a musician, an engineer, and a scientist- a Renaissance man in the true sense of the word. A. Michelangelo B. Raphael C. Shakespeare D. Leonardo Da Vinci6. In _, Cervantes satirized a very popular type of literature at the time, the romance of chivalry. A. Don Quixote B. Hamlet C. Leviathan D. The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe7. The best- known book written by Thomas More is _ , which describes an ideal non-Christian state where everybody lives a simple life and shares the goods in common, possesses a good knowledge of Latin, fights no war and enjoys full freedom in religious belief. A. The Praise of the Folly B. As You Like It C. Divine Comedy D. Utopia 8. _, author of Prince, is regarded as father of political science in the West. A. Machiavelli B. Dante C. Bacon D. Locke9. In The Revolution of Heavenly Orbs,_ put forward his theory that the sun, not the earth, is the center of the universe. A. Kepler B. Galileo C. Newton D. Copernicus10. During the _ century, the modern scientific method began to take shape, which emphasized observation and experimentation before formulating a final explanation or generalization. A. 18th B. 15 th C. 16 th D. 17 th11. _ said, Knowledge is power. A. Isaac Newton B. Francis Bacon C. John Locke D. Marx12. In Faust,_ drew on an immense variety of cultural material-theological, mythological, philosophical, political, economic, scientific, aesthetic, musical, and literary. A. Goethe B. Defoe C. Rousseau D. Byron13. Which of the following is not regarded as a romantic writer? A. Wordsworth B. Shelley C. Pushkin D. Balzac14. The most frequent themes of Romanticism include all of the following except _. A. the power of reason B. individual freedom C. spontaneity D. love of nature15. If winter comes, can Spring be far behind? is the ending line of Ode to the West Wind by _. A. Wordsworth B. Keats C. Pushkin D. Shelley16. The composer of Swan Lake was _, a genius in symphonic music. A. Tchaikovsky B. Chopin C. Beethoven D. Mozart17. The naturalist school founded by Zola in late 19 th century intended _. A. to attack the industrial injustice and urban evils B. to give full play to the imagination of individuals C. to uphold the classical values such as harmony, balance, proportion and retraint D. to demonstrate the law of human conduct by a scientific study of a slice of life18. Which of the following novels was not written by Tolstoy? A. Resurrection B. War and Peace C. Crime and Punishment D. Anna Karenina19. In his poems, Walt Whitman sang praises of all of the following value except _. A. democracy B. the dignity of the individual C. the idyllic way of life D. the brotherhood of man20. Modernism was characterized by _. A. a conscious rejection of established rules, traditions and conventions B. the exploration of the inner life of the individual and the psychopathology of human relations C. its intense interest in the bizarre, the mysterious, the unpredictable and the formless D. all of the above.* 2 *1. Greek culture reached a high point of development in _. A. 1,200 B.C. B. 5th century B. C. C. 4th century B.C. D. 146 B. C.2. The masterpiece of engineering in Roman architecture is _. A. the Pathenon B. the Colossseum C. She-wolf D. the Ionic style of temple3. The Old Testament of the Bible is about _. A. God B. the doctrine of Jesus Christ C. the Laws of God D. A and C4. Which of the following statements is true? A. Jesus was born in Galilee. B. Jesus was born in a synagogue. C. Jesus was born into a poor carpenters family. D. Jesus was born into a merchants family.5. Feudalism in Europe was mainly a system of _. A. military service B. land holding C. government D. B and C6. Which of the following statements is true about the Gothic style in architecture? A. The Gothic style flourished in the 18th century. B. The Gothic style started in France. C. Sculpture of Gothic style churches were based on the natural forces. D. Gothic style churches were solid but small.7. Renaissance means the revival of interest in _. A. ancient Greek culture B. ancient Roman culture C. the Bible D. A and B8. The reasons for the decline of renaissance in Italy are _. A. wars and class conflicts B. loss of supremacy in world trade as a result of the discovery of the new world and routes to India C. the tightening of control of the Roman Catholic Church over thought, speech and publication D. all of the above9. Which of the following died a prisoner? A. Copernicus B. Newton C. Kepler D. Galileo 10. The theory of the social contract was expounded by _. A. Thomas Hobbes B. Francis Bacon C. John Locke D. A and C 11. In economic thought, the enlightenment thinkers favored _. A. government intervention B. balanced development C. the policy of laissezfaire D. strict regulation 12. The author of The Sorrows of Young Werther is _. A. Goethe B. Defoe C. Schiller D. Kant 13. The Lakers refer to _. A. Wordsworth and Coleridge B. Byron and Shelly C. William Blake and Keats D. None of the above 14. The later Romantics in music refer to _. A. Schuman and Chopin B. Verdi and Wagner C. Beethoven and Mozart D. Haydn and Bach 15. In Capital, Marx, after long and careful study, discovered that _. A. it is mens social being that determines their consciousness B. activity is basic C. socialism would be realized through class struggle D. surplus value is the source of the wealth of the capitalist class16. The essence of Darwins theory of evolution is _. A. immutable fixity of species B. natural selection C. artificial selection D. none of the above17. The Cherry Orchard was written by _. A. Dostoyevsky B. Gogol C. Corky D. Chekhov18. Which of the following was not written by Charles Dickens? A. David Copperfield B. Hard Times C. Vanity Fair D. Oliver Twist19. The author of Sons and Lovers is _. A. Henry James B. Virginia Woolf C. T.S. Eliot D. D.H. Lawrence 20. One of the chief representatives of the Theatre of the Absurd is _. A. Kinsley Amis B. John Osborne C. Allen Ginsberg D. Samuel Beckett* 3 *1. Socrates was _. A. the teacher of Aristotle B. the student of Plato C. the teacher of Plato D. the student of Aristotle2. One of the contributions the Romans made to European culture was _. A. the Roman empire B. the slave system C. the production of the great epic writer D. the Roman law3. The Book of Daniel describes _. A. the struggle of the Jews against the Syrian rule B. the prisoners in Babylon C. the story of Noahs Ark D. the rule of King Solomon4. The Old Testament was originally written in _. A. Hebrew B. Aramaic dialect C. Greek D. Latin5. Which of the following is not included in the Code of Chivalry? A. Loyalty to his lord. B. Fighting for the church. C. Protection of the people. D. Respect for women of noble birth.6. The goal of the Crusades was_. A. to re-control Jerusalem B. to open path to Byzantine C. to regain the Holy land - Palestine D. to open trade route to the east7. The essence of Renaissance philosophy was _.A. the emphasis on the greatness of man B. the glorification of GodC. the emphasis on the giving up of worldly pleasure D. the importance of wealth8. Leonardo da Vinci, in his lifetime, put down his observation in notebooks running up to _ volumes. A. 1, 000 B. 5, 000 C. 3, 000 D. 4, 0009. Knowledge is power is one of the quotations from _. A. John Locke B. Francis Bacon C. Isaac Newton D. Gotffried Wilhelm yon Leibniz10. The most important point in Descartes philosophy is _. A. I think therefore I am B. I use my senses therefore I am C. I doubt therefore I am D. None of the above11. The most important forerunners of the Enlightenment were _. A. Voltaire and Rousseau B. Diderot and Montesquieu C. John Locke and Isaac Newton D. None of the above12. Which of the following remarks was made by Rousseau? A. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.（The Declaration of Independence 美国的独立宣言） B. The thirst after happiness is never extinguished in the heart of man. （Rousseau卢梭） C. Love truth, but pardon error. (Voltaire伏尔泰) D. Liberty consists in the freedom to do everything which injures no one else. (Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen（1789）法国的人权宣言)13. Romanticism was a movement in Europe _. A. in the late 19th century and early 20th century B. in the 19th century C. in the late 17th century and early 18th century D. in the late 18th century and early 19th century14. The two most important works of Victor Hugos are _. A. Atala and Rene （Chateaubriand夏多布里昂） B. Ivanhoe and The Heart of Mid lothianWalter Scott的艾凡赫又译撒克逊劫后英雄传以及中洛辛郡的心脏 C. Notre Dame de Paris and Les Miserables D. Eugene Onegin and Boris Godunov普希金pushkin的叶甫盖尼奥涅金和鲍里斯戈都诺夫15. The man who applied Darwins evolution to society was_. A. Yah Fu B. Thomas Huxley C. Alfred Russel Wallace D. Herbert Spencer16. According to Marx，the most important thing about Feuerbach was _. A. he proclaimed materialism B. he supported Hegel C. he supported the utopian socialists D. he put forward the idea of class struggle 17. Sunflower was the work of _. A. van Gogh B. Paul Gauguin C. Claude Monet D. Gustave Courbet 18. Which of the following works is not written by Thomas Hardy? A. Far from the Madding Crowd. B. The Return of the Native. C. Tess of the dUrberyvilles. D. A Tale of Two Cities. 19. William Butler Yeats was a(n) _ poet. A. English B. Scottish C. American D. Irish20. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man was an autobiographical novel by _. A. Ezra Pound B. William Faulkner C. James Joyce D. Ernest Hemingway* 4 *1. Which of the following is not true about Aristotle? A. In Aristotle the great humanist and the great man of science meet. B. Aristotle founded the school of the Stoics. C. Aristotle was tutor of Alexander. D. Aristotle wrote many books on logic, politics, poetry, rhetoric and other subjects.2. Which of the following statements is true about the Roman Empire? A. The Roman Empire had never been divided. B. The Roman Empire was divided into East and West in 395 A. D. C. The Roman Empire was later called Byzantium. D. The Roman Empire was conquered by the Turks in the 15th century.3. The Bible has been regarded as _. A. a religious book B. literature C. record of great minds D. all of the above4. The Catholic Church should be characterized as_. A. a loosely organized religious institution B. a highly centralized European organization C. a highly centralized and disciplined international organization D. a highly centralized and disciplined western organization.5. The Crusades were wars between _. A. the Arabs and the Christian Pilgrims B. the Turks and the Christians in Western Europe C. the Christians in Western Europe and the Moslems D. the Arabs and the Turks6. St. Thomas Aquinas defended in his works _. A. feudal hierarchy of society B. divine power of feudal rulers C. the Pope s supremacy over secular rulers D. all of the above7. The motto Montaigne put down in the essays was _. A. What do I know? B. I doubt therefore I think. C. Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world. D. Only to stand out of my light.8. Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese navigator who _. A. discovered the Cape of Good Hope B. discovered the route to India round the Cape of Good Hope C. explored the mouth of the Amazon D. was the first to visit Cuba and Haiti9. Which of the following laws was discovered by Newton? A. Law of buoyancy. B. Law of falling bodies. C. Law of relativity. D. Law of universal gravitation.10. In Locke s political philosophy, the chief reason for the institution of civil government was _. A. the protection of private property B. the upholding of free thinking C. the abolishment of the rule of the church D. regulation of economy 11. Which of the following is not true about the developments of the Industrial Revolution? A. The substitution of water power for human power. B. The introduction of machine. C. The beginning of the factory system. D. The growth of modem capitalism and the working class.12. Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains. This is a remark made by _. A. Voltaire B. Rousseau C. Diderot D. Moliere13. In the works of _, one can see the spirit of the Age of Reason. A. Handel B. Haydn C. Bach D. Mozart14. The poem of Byron s that was translated into Chinese at the turn of the 20th century is _. A. Don Juan B. Defence of Poetry C. Ode to a Nightingale D. Isles of Greece15. Throughout his life, Beethoven struggled to pass on through his music _. A. the spirit of the French Revolution B. the spirit of Byronic heroes C. ideas of a moral nature D. the praise of natural beauty16. _ is considered to be the poet of the piano. A. Mozart B. Chopin C.Schubert D. Schumann17. Which of the following works was not written by Charles Dickens? A. A Tale of Two Cities. B. The Mayor of Casterbridge. C. David Copperfield. D. Pickwick Papers.18.