英语四级阅读选词填空专项训练练习（真题版）.doc

英语四级阅读选词填空专项训练练习（真题版）Part Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)（25 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage 1Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new onesthe kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be 47 wasteful to tear them all down and 48 them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the 49 carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest 50 , the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and 51 our homes, offices and other buildings. “You cant deal with climate change without dealing with existing building,” says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.With some 52 , the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that 53 over time and let in more outside air.Fortunately, there are a 54 number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from 55 ones like Lincolns Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help 56 property owners from rising power costs.A) accommodationsB) clumsyC) doubtfullyD) exceptionsE) expandF) historicG) incrediblyH) poweringI) protectJ) reducedK) replaceL) senseM) shiftedN) supplyingO) vastPassage 2In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a childs language development than mothers, a new study suggests.Researchers 47 92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall, it was a group of well-educated middle-class families, with married parents both living in the home.When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions with both parents, 48 all of their speech. The study will appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied Development of Psychology.The scientists measured the 49 number of utterances (话语) of the parents, the number of diffe-rent words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 50 of their speech. On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.Finally, the researchers 51 the childrens speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mothers level of education, the 52 of child care and the number of different words the father used.The researchers are 53 why the fathers speech, and not the mothers, had an effect.“Its well 54 that the mothers language does have an impact,” said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had 55 had a strong influence on their childrens speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, “or it may be that mothers are 56 in a way we didnt measure in the study.”A) alreadyB) analyzedC) aspectsD) charactersE) contributingF) describingG) establishedH) qualityI) quotedJ) recordingK) recruitedL) totalM) unconsciousN) unsureO) yetPassage 3Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments 47 it. They find the writing process 48 and difficult.How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it 49 English, with its rich vocabulary. Being able to speak but not write is like living in an 50 mansion (豪宅) and never leaving one small room. When I meet students who think they cant write, I know as a teacher my 51 is to show them the rest of the rooms. My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to 52 the moral and emotional development of my students. One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done 53 , just like exercise; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise, writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after only a few weeks of journal writing.Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and 55 lives. They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step 56 to fluency, eloquence (雄辩), and command of language.A) closerB) daily C) emotionalD) enhanceE) enormousF) especiallyG) hinderH) missionI) painfulJ) performance K) professionL) remarkablyM) requireN) sensitiveO) urgePassage 4A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural 47 for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers turn 48 to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to 49 from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a 50 of human experiences and come to 51 other ways of thought and living. And while 52 their own relationships and responses to life, the readers often find that the 53 in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own. Books provide 54 material for readers imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books 55 their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure 56 . The social and educational significance of the readers books cannot be overestimated in an academic library. A) abundant B) charactersC) communicatingD) completely E) deriveF) desireG) diversityH) escapeI) establishingJ) narrowK) naturallyL) personnelM) properlyN) respectO) widenPassage 5Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly 47 to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was 48 to a little college French.I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, 49 unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up 50 and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable 51 I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you cant learn if you dont try. So I accepted the assignment.There were some bad 52 . But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even 53 bookings, confident that somehow I will manage.The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition 54 . But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you.Ive learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a 55 . And I know Ill go on doing such things. Its not because Im braver or more daring than others. Im not. But Ill accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can 56 wonders.A) accomplish B) advanced C) balloon D) claim E) constantlyF) declareG) interviewsH) limitedI) manufactureJ) momentsK) newsL) reducedM) regretN) scaryO) totallyPassage 6As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the centre of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education 47 . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the 48 of peacemakers. The Childrens Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children 49 as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogot known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom 50 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with 51 , peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step 52 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are 53 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and 54 on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centres of Compassion for Children International call attention to childrens rights and how to help the 55 of war. Starting a Peacemakers Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the 56 school.A) acting B) assuming C) comprehensive D) cooperative E) entire F) especiallyG) forwardH) imagesI) informationJ) offersK) projectsL) respectivelyM) roleN) technologyO) victimsPassage 7The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday.While elderly people _47_ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) _48_ effect on their brains performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research.Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping _49_ straight through the night.More sleep in old age, however, is _50_ with better health, and most older people would feel better and more _51_ if they slept for longer periods, he said.“The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to _52_ well does not change,” Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego.“Its _53_ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were _54_. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from _55_ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. Thats _56_ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A) alertI) formallyB) associatedJ) functionC) attractingK) mixedD) clingL) negativeE) continuingM) sufficientF) definitelyN) tendG) differentO) youngerPassage 8What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 A abilities I extentB achieve J indicates C appeal K proceeds D complaints L psychological E contributions M raised F displayed N smart G essentially O standard H eventuallyPassage 9With the worlds population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers. businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure (基础设施) and jobs. Underling all this 47 will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years.Finding the resources to meet this demand in a 48 . sustainable way is the cornerstone (基石) of our nations energy security, and will be one of the major 49 of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few are 50 being funded and developed, and will play a growing 51 in the worlds energy supply. But experts say that even when 52 , alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the worlds energy needs by 2050.For example, even with 53 investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development 54 in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels 55 only about 1% of the market today.Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of 56 both traditional and alternative.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)stable I)exactly B)solutions J)consist C)significant K)comprise D)role L)competitions E)progress M)combined F)marvelous N)challenges G)included O)certainly H)growth Passage 10Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients _47_ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.Times have changed. Today, we take pain _48_. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in _49_ a persons well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt (扰乱) a persons life, causing problems that _50_ from missed work to depression.Thats why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who _51_ in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social _52_ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often _53_ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理医生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.This modern _54_ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a _55_ number of drugs available, and many of them caused _56_ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答A)resultI)determiningB)involvesJ)limitedC)significantK)gravelyD)rangeL)complainedE)relievedM)respectF)issuesN)promptingG)seriouslyO)specializeH)magnificent答案和解析Passage 1Part ReadingComprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A47. 【答案】 G)。【精析】 副词辨析题。空格前面是be动词，后面为形容词wasteful，因此空格处需要填入一个副词。前一句中提到美国现有住宅1亿多所，该句指出，如果全部拆毁，造成的浪费必然。incredibly“不能相信地，难以置信地”符合题意。48. 【答案】 K)。【精析】 动词辨析题。空格前面有连词and，通过分析句子结构可知，空格处的词语与前面的动词tear为并列关系，因此空格处需要填入动词原形。文章首句提到，绿色环保型住宅备受欢迎。本句中承接首句指出，如果拆毁现有住宅，绿色环保型住宅，将造成一种浪费。因此空格处应填入具有“重新建成”或“取而代之”意义的词。，且与后面的介词with构成搭配。备选动词中符合以上两点要求的只有replace。 replace.with.意为“用取代”。49. 【答案】 J)。【精析】 形容词辨析题。空格前面有定冠词the，后面有名词carbon emissions，因此需要填入一个形容词。文章围绕green buildings展开，也就是本句中提到的new energy-efficient home。而这种新型的绿色环保建筑的最大特点就是能够碳的排放，填入reduced“减少的”符合句意。这样也就能与后面的不定式部分的句意“补偿拆毁旧住宅所造成的资源浪费”保持一致。50. 【答案】 L)。【精析】 名词辨析题。空格前为形容词最高级，因此其