2019届虹口区高三英语一模试卷.doc

A. deliberate B. distinction C. polish D. credit E. dependent F. occasionally G. feasibility H. shift J. fulfilling J. signals K. continuouslyOvercoming obstacles: How your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your SuccessTheres been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential to success. In a world where _ is given for peoples accomplishment, failing feels dangerous. The fear of failure can stop people taking risks that might lead to success.Heidi Grant Halvorson, a psychologist, points out much of success is _ not on talent but on learning from your mistakes.About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area-be it creative or social skill-is natural. The other half believes, instead, that someone might have a preference or something-say painting or speaking foreign languages-but this ability can be improved through _ practice or training.Its almost impossible to think rationally(理性的) while shouting at yourself, “I am a failure”. But when you _ your thinking, you will probably see what you can control -your behavior, your planning, your reactions-and change them.The primary _ between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more. If you see failure as a monster approaching you, take another look.Success is as scary as failure. Researches report that satisfaction grows on challenges. Think about it - a computer game you can always win is boring; one you can win _, and with considerable effort, is fun. In pursuit of success, failure exposes areas that you need to_. So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to _ your objectives and how much you want them.There is a way to distinguish whether a failure _ you to double down or walk away,says Halvorson. If, when things get rough, you remain fascinated by your goal, you should keep going. If what you are doing is costing you too much time and energy or its not bringing you joy, you should give a second thought to the _ of your goal and even set a new one.This article is for all of the teenagers out there. Even through _ you are years from being fully grown, society regularly expects you to adult. Yes, you are _ in many ways: many of you drive and do so quite safely, and you handle schedules that would _ many adults. But you probably cannot process caffeine as constantly as your parents can because of your still-growing bodies and brains.I understand it feels grown-up to be drinking of a cup of Starbucks. But all of this caffeine may worsen your anxiety, affect tonights sleep and tomorrows school performance, _ nutrient absorption and even cause real trouble when mixed with alcohol. The following four aspects may well _ the theme of this article.The power of caffeine Caffeine is widely considered a drug that is socially acceptable, universally used, even cool, but it still cause _ symptoms such as headaches, fatigue and a lack of attention when removed from coffee-addicts diets.How much is healthy? Caffeine is by no means a nutrient; you dont need it to be healthy. _ ,it is a substance that can leave you lacking nutrients because it has been shown to reduce calcium. Caffeine probably causes the body to release water. And the more caffeinated drinks you consume, the less likely you are to drink water. So experts say that adolescent should consume _ amounts of caffeine a day(100mg)Caffeines _ According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 65 percent of middle and higher schools are _ to insufficient sleep on schools nights. Some of their sleep problems can be mainly attributed to (归因于) caffeine, which can remain in the body for seven hours after _, thus causing teens worse performance next day. It is widely assumed that adequate sleep _ proper growth and brain development. During childhood and adolescence, the brain goes through a period called synaptic pruning (突触修建) when unnecessary connections are promoted.Caffeine labelling Caffeine is not listed on the Nutrition Facts column on food labels because it is not a _. It may be listed as an ingredient, but the amount is not required. Caffeine is now added to foods such as gum, candy and water, along with makeup and beauty products that _ to reduce swelling (肿块)。 Taste preference and eating habits are often cultivated in childhood and adolescence, so teens, when you consume sweet, caffeinated drinks every time you feel sluggish (无精打采的), you are creating a pattern that may be hard to break as an adult. It is advisable to come up with other _ ways to boost energy so that you can master adulting better than many adults.41. A. potentially B. necessarily C. developmentally D. materially42. A. mature B. experienced C. productive D. disciplined43. A. delight B. frustrate C. liberate D. exclude44. A. promote B. assist C. intensify D. discourage45. A. call for B. account for C. turn to D. appeal to46. A. withdrawal B. addiction C. nutrition D. infection47. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. Otherwise48. A. initial B. sufficient C. moderate D. stabel49. A. reputations B. confirmations C. implications D. disadvantages50. A. subjected B. altered C. reduced D. opposed51. A. stimulation B. concentration C. excitement D. consumption52. A. results from B. contributes to C. benefits from D. attends to53. A. therapy B. material C. nutrient D. substitute54. A. fail B. appear C. promise D. happen55. A. instructive B. comprehensive C. extensive D. alternativeThere arent many actors around the world who have enough self confidence to turn down an offer from Steven Spielberg. Maybe that was why Juliette Binoche gave him a choice. She said shed be happy to be in Jurassic Park as long as she could play a dinosaur. Of course he turned her down and it was probably a good thing. Its difficult to imagine Juliette ripping people apart with her teeth. However, her decision doesnt seem to have done her career any harm. She has gone on to make a string of hits, including The Unbearable Lightness of Being, The English Patient (for which she won an Oscar) and Chocolat.Success in the United States has not been so easy for other foreign stars. Gerald Depardieu is a good example. Since his first film in 1967, his filmography (影片集锦) lists 172 credits. But he has struggled on the other side of the pond. While some of his films have been popular in the US, they have usually been French films that travelled. One possible exception was Green Card,directed by Peter Weir, where he plays a French immigrant who goes through a fake wedding in order to stay and work in the United States. This is a predictable but sweet romantic comedy which typecasts(分配同一类型角色) its lead actors in terms of national stereotypes. While reviewers were kind, others shredded both the film and Depardieus performance.While Monsieur Depardieu hasnt received the recognition he would have liked in the United States, one Mexican actor has achieved almost instant success. Gael Garcia Bernal first gained recognition in Amores Perros in 2000 and a year later in Ytu mama tambien. Since then he has appeared with hometown Limits of Control. He hasnt picked up an Oscar yet, but he was nominated for BAFTA(英国电影电视艺术学院奖)in 2005 for his performance as the South American hero revolutionary Che Guevara, in Motorcycle Diaries. In the same year he played American music icon Elvis Presley in the King.56. It can be inferred from the passage that Juliette Binoche _.A. very much wanted to be in Jurassic ParkB. didnt want to be in Jurassic ParkC. really wanted to play a dinosaur in Jurassic ParkD. was hesitate whether she could play a dinosaur well57. According to the writer, Gerald Depardieus most popular films _.A. have been in made HollywoodB. have only been seen in EuropeC. have been made in France, but seen in other countries, tooD. have been made in Hollywood, but well received in France58. The last sentence in Para”others shredded both the film and Depardieus performance” means others thought Depardieus performance and film were _.A. complex B. interesting . C. terrible D. impressive59. The writers purpose in writing this article is to suggest that _.A. Foreign actors generally do well in the United StatesB. American actors are able to earn more money than foreign actorsC. Foreign actors are playing an irreplaceable role in the United StatesD. a successful career in Europe or Latin America doesnt guarantee success in the USAYou are going to read three competitions which offer holidays as prizes.Competition oneclearly CANADVancouver is a stylish, metropolitan centre with the scenic Pacific Ocean at its feet and impressive coastal mountains behind. To give you the chance to experience its delights for yourself, Options magazine has teamed up with “Clearly Canadian”- a blend of native Canadian fruit flavours and sparkling water- to bring you this great competition. The lucky prizewinner and guest will enjoy a fabulous ten-day getaway, flying direct to Vancourver with Canadian Airlines. On board, they will enjoy an in-flight movie while sampling a delicious meal served on real china. Accommodation for the winner and guest will be at Shangri-Las Pacific Palisades hotel. They will enjoy a luxury executive suite, with stunning views over the harbour, and use of hotels health club and pool. Ten runners-up will receive a bottle of “Clearly Canadian” and an exclusively designed T-shirt. While in Vancouver, you will have many opportunities to sample Canadian city life. Browse in fashionable shops, linger in sidewalk cafes or relax on the beach. Buy this magazine next week and well give you the competition detailsCompetition Two WIN A FABULOUS HOLIDAY FOR TWO! Visit the deserted city of Fatehpur Sikri. Stand back in amazement as you marvel at the wildlife reserves where youll see exotic birds and possibly even a tiger! These are just some of the sights youll experience on the thrilling ten-day “Moghul Highlights” holiday. The holiday begins with a tour of Old Delhi, Proceeding by road to Agra, youll stop on the way to see the Tomb of A kbar. Moving on to see Agra Fort and the beautiful Taj Mahal on the banks of the Yamuna River, your group will then explore Akbars red sandstone city, Fatehpur Sikri, built in 1574. Lunch will be taken in the Keoladeo National Park at Bharatpur, a birdwatchers paradise. This fantastic holiday package includes the return flight from Heathrow to Delhi, the holiday tour and insurance. All breakfasts while in India are included but holiday participants will need to buy meals at local restaurants in India.Competition Three Win a week of luxury in BUDAPEST The lucky winner and friend will fly direct to Budapest International Airport and will then be taken to The Palace Hotel, a luxurious hotel sets in its own large park on the banks of the river Danube. The Palace Hotel is just two years old- a modern addition to the ancient skyline. Youll enjoy five nights bed and breakfast accommodation in a room that overlooks the river Danube, and will b treated to dinner in the Cafe Suisse. We have not orderd lunch for you but it is also available in the restaurant. The week in Budapest can be spent at leisure either relaxing in the hotel and its grounds, or wandering around the superb shopping arcade. Alternatively, The Palace Hotel has extensive health club facilities- including an indoor pool and a free steam bath. If you are feeling really energetic, you could play a game of tennis or jog around the grounds on the two-mile landscape track. To make sure you take in some of the sights of Budapest, you may wish to book at very reasonable cost a days sightseeing with President Holiday. Look at the next page to see what you have to do.60. Which competition extract(s) describe(s) what will happen on the flight?A. Competition One B. Competition TwoC.Competition Three D. Competition One and Two61. Which holiday prize(s) will offer you the chance to stay longer than a week?A. Competition One B. Competition TwoC.Competition One and Three D. Competition One and Two62. If you want to exercise during the holiday, which competition(s) will you take part in?A. Competition One B. Competition TwoB. Competition One and Three D. Competition One and Two The purpose of a map is to express graphically the relations of points and features on the earths surface to each other. These are determined by distance and direction. In early times distance was often expressed in units of time, for example” so many hours march” or “a days journey by river”, but such measurements gave more information about the relative ease of crossing the local terrain than they did about actual distance. The other element is direction, but for the ordinary traveller, whose main concern was “Where do I go from here?” and “How far away is it?”, the accurate representation of direction was not of primary importance. Partly for this reason, written itineraries(行程) for a long time rivaled maps. Even today, certain types of maps, for example, those showing railway systems, may take little attempt to show true directions. Similarly, obviously landmarks along a route were at first indicated by signs, realistic or conventional (惯常的), and varied in size to indicate their importance. Clearly the conventions employed varied with the purpose of the map, and also from place to place, so that in studying early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention employed.The history of cartography(制图) is largely that of the increase in the accuracy with which these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the comprehensiveness of the map content. In this development, cartography has called in other sciences to its aid. For example, instead of determining direction by observing the position of a shadow at midday, or of a constellation(星座) in the night sky, or even of steady wind, use was made of terrestrial magnetism(地磁学) through the magnetic compass, and instruments were evolved which enabled horizontal angles to be calculated with great accuracy.The application of astronomical concepts, and the extension of the knowledge of the world through exploration, encouraged attempts to map the known world. Then astronomers discovered that the earth is not a perfect sphere, but it is flattened slightly at the poles, which introduced further refinements into the mapping of large areas. Meanwhile, the demands being made of the map maker were shifting significantly.The traveller or the merchant ceased to be the sole user of maps. The soldier, especially after the introduction of artillery , and the problems of range, field of fire, and dead ground which it raised, demanded an accurate representation of the surface features, in place of the earlier conventional or pictorial delineation (描绘) , and a solution in any degree satisfactory was not reached until the contour(等高线) was invented.63. Why might early maps have been misleading?A. Distances could not be calculated reliably.B. They were based on written itineraries.C. They were drawn by ordinary travelers.D. Distance tended to be overestimated.64. What problem did early maps exhibit when showing landmarks?A. The sighs used bore little relation to the landmarks.B. The selection of landmarks was faulty.C. They used symbols that were not standardized.D. They sometimes included unimportant features.65. In the second paragraph, the writer says that _ made better quality map-making easier.A. a greater understanding of climatic factor.B. greater accuracy in draughtsmanship (绘图术)C. more accuracy in measurementD. more intensive map production66. What encouraged the search for a more precise means of mapping the physical geography of the landscape?A. Discovery in astronomy B. The growth of mathematical scienceC . The activities of the great explorers D. Military considerations.A. As you walk, pay close attention to your surroundings.B. Make a plan to get off camps and explore your surroundings.C. If you are averaging seven hours or less, commit to sleeping at least eight hours tonight.D. If youre feeling stressed or overwhelmed, dont punish yourself by pushing your mind and body to their limits.E. A comfortable corner in the library and even an empty classroom are perfect places to relax and recharge.F. Actually, it is possible to shorten sleep time by up to 1 hour without the risk of sleep deprivation(剥夺) if you know how to have high quality sleep. Self- Care Strategies for College StudentsMost college students dont put self-care at the top of their to do lists. When youre caught up in the whirlwind(旋风) of classes, extra-curricular, work, friendship, and final exams, its easy to ignore a task that doesnt come with a deadline (even if the task is simply “taking care of yourself”). Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life, but remember that maintaining your physical, mental and emotional