Suffolk Breed Points 萨福克羊的品种选育评分.docx

Breed Information:品种信息History:史The Suffolk evolved from the mating of Norfolk Horn ewes with Southdown rams in the Bury St Edmunds area, these sheep were known as Southdown Norfolks, or locally, as Black faces.萨福克羊是在圣埃德蒙兹伯里地区，由有角诺福克母羊和南丘公羊杂交而成，这种羊被称为南丘诺福克羊，在本地，叫做黑头羊。The first recording is in 1797 when in his General view of agriculture in the county of Suffolk Arthur Young stated: These ought to be called the Suffolk breed, the mutton has superior texture, flavour, quantity and colour of gravy.最早的记录出现在1797年的萨福克郡农业博览，阿瑟.杨描述道：这种羊应该叫做萨福克种羊，它的肉质上乘、风味鲜美、产肉性好、肉汁鲜艳。The first classes to exhibit Suffolk Sheep were at the Suffolk Show in 1859. The first flock book was published in 1887. This contained 46 flocks ranging in size from 50 to 1,100 ewes and averaging 314 ewes. All 46 flocks were in East Anglia and 34 were in Suffolk itself. The oldest was that of E.P. & H. Frost of West Wratting, established in 1810.萨福克羊第一次展出是在1859年的萨福克展会上。第一本关于种群的书在1887年出版。它包括46个种群，规模从50只到1100只基础母羊，平均每群314只母羊。所有的46个种群都在东安格利亚，其中34群在萨福克本地。最古老的一个种群是西佛拉丁的E.P&H.佛罗斯特，成立于1810年。Suffolks developed around the rotational system of farming in East Anglia, grazing on grass or clover in the summer. After weaning the ewes could be put on salt marshes or stubbles. Swedes, turnips or mangels were grazed in the winter in a very labour intensive system with a fresh area fenced off each day. Lambing was in February or March, outdoors in the fields with a hurdle shelter or in open yards surrounded by hurdles and straw.萨福克羊在东安格利亚围绕着农业的轮作模式发展起来的，夏季在草地放牧。断奶后，模样要放到盐碱地或者残茬地里。在冬季，用围栏围住一块空地，使用一种劳动密集型的方式，让羊放牧采食大头菜、芜菁和甜菜等物。产羔在二月或者三月，就在户外的田野中的栅栏棚圈中，或者在露天的羊圈里，四周用栅栏或稻草围起来。The breed expanded rapidly, with the first flock in Ireland established in 1891, in 1895 in Scotland and 1901 in Wales. From the earliest days sheep were exported around the world, to Austria, France, Germany, Switzerland, Russia, North and South America and the colonies.这个品种迅速扩张开来，1891年爱尔兰的第一个种群建立，1895年苏格兰，1901年威尔士。在早期年间，这种羊出口到了世界各地，澳大利亚、法国、德国、瑞士、俄罗斯、北非、南非，以及各个殖民地。Originally renowned as a producer of mutton, the breed has developed over the years to match consumer demands. Suffolks are now found throughout the worlds sheep producing countries. They are the flag-ship breed in the British Isles and recognised as the leading terminal sire on a variety of ewes to produce top quality prime lamb.Suffolk Breed PointsHeadHornless: Face black and long ; Muzzle moderately fine in Ewes. (A Small quanity of clean white wool on the forehead not objected to.) Ears a medium length, black and fine texture. Eyes, bright and full.15NeckModerate length and well set. (In Rams stronger, with a good crest)5ShoulderBroad and oblique5ChestDeep and wide5Back and LoinLong, level and well covered with meat and muscle; Tail well set up, the Ribs long, and well sprung, with a full flank. 25Legs and FeetStraight and black, with flat bones of good quality, wooled to the knees and hocks, clean below. Forelegs set well apart. Hind legs well filled with meat25BellyWell covered with wool5FleeceModeratley short; close fine fibre without tendency to mat or felt together and well defined, ie. not shading off into dark wool or hair10SkinFine, soft and pink colour5Total 100For details of the Breed Benchmarks 2015 Analysed on Terminal Sire Index please click on the link below:Lamb Vigour Scoring SystemBirth Difficulty Score0 Unassisted or easy uncomplicated delivery of short duration(30 min)2Minor assistance required. Presentation corrected, little effort needed to deliver lamb3Major assistance required. Difficult delivery needing effort to deliver lamb4Veterinary assistance required.Lamb Vigour Score(at 5 minutes after birth)0Extremely active and vigorous lamb, has been or is standing on all 4 feet1Very active and vigorous lamb, standing on back legs and on knees2Active and vigorous lamb, on chest and holding head up3Weak lamb, lying flat, able to hold head up4Very weak lamb, unable to lift head, little movementSucking Assistance Score0Lamb sucking well without assistance within1 hour1Lamb sucking well without assistance within2 hours2Lamb given sucking assistance / tubed once or twice in first 24 hours after birth3Lamb given sucking assistance, tubed more than twice, needing help after 1 day old, but able to suck by 3 days old4Lamb still needing help to suck when more than 3 days oldBreedPerformanceMaturity at lambingNumber of lambs bornRangeShearling Ewes1.581.3 - 1.8Mature Ewes1.71711.5 - 1.9Number of lambsShearlingsMature EwesSingles5.2kg5.6kgTwins4.2kg4.7kgTriplets3.7kg4.0kgRangesRanges reflect different production systems, time of lambing and intensity of feeding and finishing. Ewe lambs achieve 90-92% of ra