why i teach教案.doc

A student who is preparing to become a teacher in the U.S. must take study liberal arts subjects (such as mathematics, English, and history); courses in the particular subject he expects to teach, and professional education courses (usually including educational psychology, methods of teaching, and the philosophy and history of education). Almost all schools require practice teaching, in which the student teacher, under the supervision of an experienced classroom teacher, participates in actual classroom procedures. Every elementary and secondary public school teacher in the U.S. must have a teachers certificate granted by the government of the state in which he wishes to teach. Most of the states require four years of college for elementary teaching certificates; all the states require at least four years of college for secondary certificates. College and university teachers are not required to take educational courses or to obtain teaching certificates. However, a doctors degree in a field of specialization is almost a necessity for a career in most institutions of higher learning.1.Do you want to be teachers? Why or why not?Advantages of being a teacher:1). Being a teacher, you are not only a teacher but also a learner. 2). A teachers job is not or doesnt need to be routine. 3). Teaching is also a “people job”.2. In your opinion what are the qualifications of a teacher?A “good teacher ”should be learned, responsible, strict, stimulating, enlightening, friendly, influential, active, appropriately dressed, have pleasant voice ,a good moral character, etcIII. Language Points1) He was puzzled that I did not want : money and power A university administrator, as a rule, earns more money and has more power than an average professor and most Americans would be only too pleased to get a “step up” towards these goals. Thats why the authors friend was puzzled that he would reject such a promotion. Puzzle : make unable to answer, solve or understand; e.g.-We are puzzled by his recent behaviors. -The womans illness puzzled the doctor; he couldnt find the cause. -Im puzzled why he declined our invitation.2) Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living: mechanic, carpenter, writer. : I have tried many other ways to make a living. I have worked as a mechanic, a carpenter, a writer, and now I am working as a teacher. Of all the professions, teaching is the most difficult for me.3) For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession.:Teaching is a profession that makes my eyes red for lack of sleep, my palms sweaty because of nervousness and my stomach sinking because I often feel so disappointed with my lecture.Here, “stomach” means “spirit, heart”. A persons stomach sinks when he is upset, disappointed.4) convince: cause sb. to believe; persuade sb.e.g.-It took me two hours to convince him to go to Beijing with me on business. -The result of the test convinces him that he is much wiser than other students.5) compel : make sb. do sth. by or as if by forcee.g.-He was compelled by his illness to drop out of school. -Having found himself out of gas, the driver was compelled to walk several miles to the nearest village.6) opportunity: favorable occasions or chancee.g.-This conference offers us a good opportunity to learn from one another. -Do come to our party tomorrow evening! It will give you an opportunity to meet a lot of interesting people.7) to learn ones lesson(s) : to learn sth. useful from the mistakes one has made.e.g.-He had learned his lesson, and wouldnt repeat the mistake. -I have learned my lesson from the accident and wont drive too fast again.8) freshman : a student in the first year of college sophomore : a student in the second year of collegejunior : a student in the third year of collegesenior : a student in the fourth year of college9) I teach because I enjoy finding ways of getting myself and my students out of the ivory tower and into the real world.: Institutions like universities and college are often referred to as “ ivory tower” where professors and their students study only book knowledge and have little to do with the practice of everyday life. What the author tries to do is to help the students go out of the ivory tower and into the real world, learn to solve problems and prepare themselves for the life they will encounter after graduation. 10). Challenge : sth. new and exciting or difficult which requires great effort and determination. e.g.-His new job as the department chairman is a real challenge to him. -This job is too dull; I want one with more challenge. 11). Leave out : fail to mention or include e.g.-You left out an important detail in your report of the accident. -Be sure not to leave out anyone in your invitation. 13). Learned journals: Periodicals presenting research papers in a particular academic field. 14). Switch (to) : turn from one subject or activity to another e.g.In Japan, LuXun started as a medical student but then switched to literature. -As the demand for tape-recorders has fallen off the factory has switched to the production of color TV set. 15). A civil lawyer: Civil rights, in its broadest sense, means the rights of persons to engage in such varied activities as holding property, making contracts, expressing themselves freely, and participating in government and politics. In common usage, the term “ civil rights” has come to mean the rights of persons to be protected against discrimination for reasons such as race, color, sex, or national origin. In the U.S. a variety of state and federal civil rights laws have been passed to protect persons against discrimination by individuals and organization, as well as by the government. If a U.S. citizen is denied these rights in any way, he has the right to take the matter to court, and those lawyers who devote all their time to civil rights cases are called civil rights lawyer.16) being a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe.: According to the Bible, man was created by God out of clay. When God breathed the breath of life into the clay, it became alive and the creation of man was completed. Here the author compares the job of a teacher to the work of God. He implies that the teacher helps the students become a real man or woman.17).What is the point of being rich?: Whats the use of being rich. Point: use; purpose e.g.-Whats the point of talking to her again? Shes already made up her mind. -Now that father has made the final decision, there is no point in arguing further.18) that rare student who walks into a teachers life, and begins to breathe: that exceptionally good students who becomes part of a teachers life and begins to grow and change in front of him.Structure 1) Not becauseModels: 1) I dont teach because teaching is easy for. I teach not because teaching is easy for me. 2) I dont teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share. I dont teach not because I think I know answers, nor because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share. 2) Be convinced that Model: When I leave the classroom an hour later, I am convinced that I was even more boring than usual. 3) find oneself + p.p./ v-ing / prep.Models: When he came to, he found himself in the ward of a hospital. Once or twice I found myself doubting my own judgment.New Words Explanation1. administration (n.) （1）管理，经营，支配 （2）管理部门，行政机关，政府（3）实行，执行administrative (adj.) 行政的，管理的administrator (n.) 行政人员，管理人员e.g. The Roosevelt Administration played an important role in World War II.在二战中，罗斯福政府起了重要的作用。He is experienced in city / military / civil administration. 他在市政军政民政方面富有经验。The government resolved to take administrative actions to keep down the imports. 政府下定决心采取行政措施减少进口额。2. puzzle (vt.): fill with doubt and confusion 使迷惑，使为难e.g. The strange disease of SARS puzzled the doctor.Even the great scientist was puzzled by the simple question.Useful Phrases: puzzle out 苦苦思索而弄清楚（或解决）puzzle over 对苦苦思索，对大伤脑筋e.g. He puzzled out the math problem at last.He puzzled over her absence.3. profession (n.): occupation 职业professional (adj.) / professor (n.)Useful Expression:by profession 职业是e.g. He was proud that his daughter was a lawyer by profession.He doesnt look like a professional mechanic by his appearance.4. convince (vt.): make (sb.) feel certain; cause (sb.) to realize 使确信，使信服，说服convincing (adj.) 令人信服的 convinced (adj.) 被说服的Useful Expressions:convince sb. of sth.convince sb. thate.g. He explained for one hour to convince me of his sincerity / innocence.She didnt look convinced, but said nothing.His words were so convincing that all of us believed in him at last.5. compel (vt.): force (sb. or sth. to do sth.) 强迫，迫使e.g. He compelled the children to steal and to rob.=The children were compelled to steal and to rob.c.f. compel 由于外力或是环境迫使，不得不做自己不愿做的事情 enforce 用强力或威胁促使某事发生，特指强化法律，使之行之有效force 用武力等使不情愿的人做某事e.g. Bad health compelled him to resign from the job.Principal enforced the rules of the school.（校长执行校规）He forced himself awake to show politeness to the speaker.6. pace (n.): rate of speed 速度，节奏 (vi.): 踱步e.g. He slowed down his pace, so that his son could catch up with him.He paced up and down to keep warm.Useful Expressions:keep pace with 与并驾齐驱，齐步并进e.g. This horse is too weak to keep pace with the others.7. reflection (n.):（1）反射，反照 e.g. the reflection of light / wave（2）映像，倒影e.g. She gazed at the reflection of the skyscraper in the lake quietly.（3）想法，深思e.g. On further reflection, I doubt whether I was right. 经进一步反省，我怀疑自己是否错了。reflect (vt./ vi.)reflective (adj.)e.g. Mirrors reflect lights. After another reflective silence, he answered.Useful Phrase:reflect on / upon : 深思，考虑，反省e.g. Please reflect on your actions.The old lady reflected on the changes that had taken place since her youth.8. stimulate (vt.): excite, encourage 刺激，鼓励e.g. Exercise stimulates the circulation of blood.The intention of lowering interest rates is to stimulate the economy anddevelop industries.stimulation (n.) 刺激（作用），鼓励（作用）stimulant (n.) 兴奋剂，刺激物stimulative (adj.) 刺激（性）的，激励（性）的stimulating (adj.) 使人兴奋的，鼓励性的e.g. Young children need stimulation.Coffee and tea are stimulants.These are stimulative medicines.All of us were excited by the presidents stimulating speech.（振奋人心的讲话）9. freshman(n.): student in his first year at a college or universityc.f. sophomore: (second year)junior: (third year)senior: (fourth year)10. reliance (n.): trust, confidence, dependence信赖，信心，依靠c.f. rely (vi.) 依靠，指望，信赖 (rely on / upon)reliant (adj.) 信赖的，依靠的 (be reliant on)reliable (adj.) 可靠的，可信赖的 e.g. You may rely on me to help you.We should not be reliant on military power alone.They claimed that they received the news from reliable sources.11. run-down(adj.): old and broken or in bad condition Useful Phrase:run down: （1）（使）停止运转，（使）筋疲力尽 （2）减少，降低，缩减 （3）查找出, 搜索到e.g. The clock ran down hours ago.Im feeling run down, doctor.The firm ran down its sales force.（裁减销售人员）I finally ran the article down in the University library.12. distribute (vt.): give or send out 分发，分送 (deliver) distribution (n.)c.f. contribute (vi / vt.) 捐赠，贡献 (contribute to)attribute (vt.) 把归功于 (attribute to)e.g.The Song Dynasty contributed three inventions to world civilization. He didnt contribute one idea to the meeting. He attributed his success to his hard work. The chairman distributed the prizes among the winners.13. variety (n.): 变化，多样化 various (adj.): 各种各样的 vary (v.): 变化，不同 variant (adj.): 不同的，有差异的e.g. I dont like to eat the same foodI like variety.The college library has various / a wide variety of books.Her mood varies with the weather.These two words are variant in spelling.14. doctoral (adj.) 博士的 doctor 博士 (doctors degree) master 硕士 (masters degree) bachelor 学士 (bachelors degree)15. energetic (adj.) 精力充沛的 energy (n.)e.g. Although he is nearly seventy years old, he is still very energetic.16. learned (adj.): 博学的，有学问的e.g. a learned man 博学的人a learned journal 学术刊物17. switch (vt.): change or shift; turn 转变，改变e.g. In Japan, Lu Xun started as a medical student but then switched to literature.Useful Expressions:switch on 开（电灯等）switch off 关（电灯等）e.g. Switch off the lights when you leave the room.I want to switch on the radio, because there is a good program now.18. intuition (n.): 直觉e.g. Its said that womans intuition is often right.Useful Expression: by intuition 凭直觉e.g. You should analyze the whole affair, but dont judge it by intuition.SummaryMoney and power are what most Americans are taught to achieve. But the author, as a teacher, tells us that there is still something more important than money and power. In the text, he shows his own reasons for teaching. In his opinion, teaching is based on change. And while teaching, the teacher grows with students, too. He shares the happiness of students success. When he sees his own students grow and change in front of him, he feels his work is very creative. Its more rewarding than money and power. And thats what the author mentioned in the last paragraph: I teach because, being around people who are beginning to breathe, I occasionally find myself catching my breath with him. Detailed Reading1. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “step up” toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power. (L2) 他感到困惑不解的是，所有的美国人受到的教育都是长大后要追求金钱与权力，而我却不想向这个目标“迈进”。 （1）puzzle (Please refer to New Words Explanation)（2）在这个句子中，money and power是what all Americans are taught to want的同位语。2. Certainly I dont teach because teaching is easy for me. (L5) 当然，我教书不是因为教书对我来说很容易。*注意本句中对于because的否定。对于because的否定有两种形式，一种是把not直接放在because的前面，另一种是把not否定在because 从句所在的主句谓语动词上。本句为第二种形式，当然它也可以转化为第一种形式，即：Certainly I teach not because teaching is easy for me.e.g. I left college not because I was tired of learning.= I didnt leave college because I was tired of learning.The police arrested him not because he had really committed any crime, nor because he was an escaped prisoner.= The police didnt arrest him because he had really committed any crime, or because he was an escaped prisoner. 3. For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession. Red-eye, because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing. (L7) 对于我来说，教书是一份令人眼睛红肿，手掌出汗，精神沮丧的职业。（1）stay up (doing sth.): not go to bed until after the usual time 熬夜, 不睡觉 (= sit up)e.g. He is used to staying up reviewing his lessons before examinations.Ill be home late, but please dont stay up for me.（2）Why? The writer explains his reasons later. Red-eye means that he has to stay up preparing. Sweaty-palm means that he is always nervous. And sinking-stomach means that he is always upset when he leaves the classroom.4. Nor do I teach because I think I know the answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share. Sometimes I an amazed that my students actually take notes on what I say in class! (L13)（1）feel / be compelled to do sth.不得不做 compel sb. to (do) sth. 强迫做e.g. The man felt compelled to talk to him.The mother compelled her child to obey / obedience.（2）take notes (on / of sth.) 记笔记 e.g. He took good notes of what the professor taught in class.c.f. take note of: pay attention toe.g. Take careful note of what I say and please dont forget it.5. “Why, then, do I teach?” (L16)After putting forward such a question, the author offered the following reasons in the article.a. I teach because I like the pace of the academic calendar.b. I teach because teaching is a profession built on change.c. I teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my own lessons, to stimulate myself and my students.d. I teach because I like to ask questions that students must struggle to answer.e. I teach because I enjoy finding ways of getting myself and my students out of the ivory tower and into the real world.So, in conclusion, the author mentioned in the article that “teaching gives me pace, and variety, and challenge, and the opportunity to keep on learning.” But, “I have left out, however, the most important reasons why I teach.”（1）build on : (base on)a. 根据，以为基础e.g. The insurance business is built on trust. 保险事业建立在信托的基础上。His argument is built on facts.b. (rely on) 依赖，指望e.g. He built too many hopes on his parentshelp.（2）leave out: fail to mention or include, omit, forget 遗漏，忘记，忽略e.g. We left out the possibility of his coming. 我们没考虑到他会来。He must leave out what to leave out and what to leave in when making a plan of his study. 在制定学习计划，他必须决定取舍。c.f. leave off: stop doing sth., give up 停止做，戒除e.g. He has left off working. 6. One is Vicky. My first doctoral student But I was there when she finished her dissertation, learned that her articles were accepted, got a job and won a fellowship to Har