US Elections Heat Up (2012年9月22日VOA 新闻翻译).doc

US Elections Heat Up, China Trade Tensions Rise 美国大选升温，中国贸易紧张加剧BEIJING Trade tensions between China and the United States escalated this week, with both countries filing international trade complaints against each other. And as the U.S. presidential campaign heats up, China is increasingly finding itself the focus of attention.本周美中两国互相提交国际贸易投诉，这令两国之间的贸易紧张关系进一步升级。随着美国总统大选愈演愈烈，中国也不断成为关注的焦点。 President Barack Obama and his opponent Mitt Romney are talking tough on trade with China.Earlier this week, Obama announced a new World Trade Organization case over Chinese automobile subsidies. He also brushed off accusations from his opponent that he is not doing enough to pressure China on unfair trade practices.Beijing quickly responded with a WTO case of its own, challenging a new U.S. law that allows duties on subsidized goods from China.Both sides should resolve our differences in an appropriate manner on the basis of mutual respect and equal benefits, through dialogue and consultation, said Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei. We oppose the politicization of the issue, and the engagement in trade and investment protectionism.” Chinas Commerce Ministry responded to Washingtons WTO action more directly, arguing that Beijing is becoming a victim of election politics. But with the two countries economies so closely intertwined, analysts say it is becoming difficult to keep politics out of trade policy - especially as the U.S. economy continues to struggle.There is just an immense amount of frustration on both sides of the aisle among both the Republican and Democrat parties in the United States, in both parties in terms of what will work with China, said Patrick Chovanec, a Beijing-based economist.Not too long ago, Chinese trade disputes were a more abstract foreign policy issue, but they are now widely viewed as directly affecting American jobs and prosperity. The high stakes lead to more complaints. Some of the measures that the Obama administration has pursued have more merit than others, said Chovanec. Input subsidies with Chinese raw materials and rules preventing access for American movies are some of the things that have the greatest merit, and really deal with, sort of, important issues in terms of market access to China. The tire tariff I think was more of a sop to the steel workers unions, and there have been others that have been more political in nature.”The auto trade case President Obama filed this week was his second in recent months, and both coincided with trips to Ohio, an auto manufacturing state that could prove crucial in the November elections.In July, the Obama administration accused China of placing unfair duties on some $3 billion worth of U.S. car exports. This weeks case focuses on $1 billion in subsidies the Chinese government provides companies for the export of cars and car parts.汉语翻译如下：巴拉克.奥巴马总统和另一位总统候选人米特.罗姆尼都在谈论要对中国的贸易采取强硬措施。 本周早些时候，奥巴马宣布向WTO投诉中国补贴汽车及汽车零件出口。他也借此洗刷罗姆尼对他的指控，说他在打压中国不平等贸易行为方面的力度不够。中国政府方面很快做出回应，针对美国新颁布的一项法律中对中国商品征收反补贴关税向WTO提起诉讼。 “双方应该在相互尊重，平等互利的基础上，通过对话和协商妥善解决有关分歧”中国外交部发言人洪磊说, “不要把经贸问题政治化，也不要搞贸易和投资保护主义。”针对美国提交的WTO起诉，中国商务部给出了更加直接的回应，强调说中国正在成为美国政治选举的受害者。但是由于两国之间的经济是密切相关的，分析家指出，特别是在美国经济持续低迷的情况下，要想避免贸易政策卷入政治中，这是非常困难的。在北京工作的经济学家帕特里克霍瓦内克说：“美国共和党和民主党共同面临的一个巨大难题就是，应该对中国的贸易采取什么政策”就在不久前，中国的贸易争端更多地是被视为一种比较抽象的外交政策的问题。但是现在，这一问题已经被美国政客们认为是直接影响着美国人的就业和美国的繁荣。因此他们对中国提出了更多的抱怨。“奥巴马政府采取的一些措施有明显的优点” 霍瓦内克说，“对中国原材料进行投入补贴以及限制美国电影准入的措施，这些都有一定的功劳，也确实在一定程度上解决了关于打进中国市场的一些重要问题。我认为，轮胎关税对于钢铁工人协会更像是一个表面性的东西，还有