大学英语精读6 Lesson One How to Get the Poor off Our Concience 重要单词整理.docVIP

1.take on (a) (infml 口) become fashionable or popular 流行; 时髦; 受欢迎: The idea never really took on. 这一观念一向不太得人心. (b) (used with an adv 与副词连用) become upset or agitated 烦乱; 不安; 烦恼; 激动: Dont take on so! 别这麽激动! take on sth (no passive 不用於被动语态) begin to have (a particular quality, appearance, etc); assume sth 呈现（某种性质 样子等）; 装成某事物: Hes taken on some irritating mannerisms. 他新添了些讨人嫌的怪毛病. The chameleon can take on the colours of its background. 避役可将身体颜色变得与周围环境相同. Her eyes took on a hurt expression. 她的眼里流露出受委屈的神情. take sb on (a) employ sb; engage sb 雇用某人; 聘用某人: take on new staff 雇用新员工 She was taken on as a graduate trainee. 她应聘为新毕业的实习生.(b) accept sb as ones opponent in a game, etc; tackle sb 同意与某人比赛; 对付某人: take sb on at snooker, squash, tennis, etc 与某人比赛彩色台球 壁球 网球等 Ajax will take on Juventus in this years European Cup Final. 在今年的欧洲杯足球决赛中阿贾克斯队将与尤文图斯队比赛. take sb/sth on (of a bus, plane, ship, etc) allow sb/sth to enter; take sb/sth on board （指公共汽车 飞机 轮船等）许可某人搭乘, 许可装载某物: The bus stopped to take on more passengers. 公共汽车停下让乘客上车. The ship took on more fuel at Freetown. 轮船在弗里敦加燃料. take sth on decide to do sth; undertake sth 决定做某事; 承担某事: take on extra work 承担额外工作 She took on greater responsibilities when she was promoted. 她得到提升, 担负了更大的责任. Dont take on more than you can cope with. 要量力而行.2. contemporary n.person who lives or lived at the same time as another 同期的人; 同辈 *She and I were contemporaries at college. 她和我在学院里是同学.adj. (with sb/sth) of the time or period being referred to; belonging to the same time 属於该时代或该时期的; 属於同一时代的 *Many contemporary writers condemned the emperors actions. 当时的许多作家都谴责该皇帝的行径. * a contemporary record of events同时代的大事记 * Dickens was contemporary with Thackeray. 狄更斯与萨克莱属於同一时代. adj. of the present time; modern 当代的; 现代的contemporary events, fashions当代事件、款式 furniture of contemporary style现代风格的家具3. excessive adj. greater than what is normal or necessary; extreme 过分的; 过度的; 极度的*excessive prices 过高的价格 *an excessive amount of alcohol 过量的酒精 * an excessive enthusiasm for sport 对运动的狂热 excessively adv.4. fecundity n.繁殖力；多产；肥沃fertility n. 多产；肥沃；生产力；丰饶*soil fertility 土壤肥力；地力*fertility rate 生育率；人口出生率*planned fertility 计划生育fruitfulness n.丰收，丰硕；多产；肥沃；果实累累pregnancy n. 怀孕；丰富，多产；意义深长5. grievous adj.causing grief or suffering 令人伤心或痛苦的 *grievous news 令人伤心的消息adj.(of sth bad) severe; serious （指坏事）剧烈的, 严重的 *grievous pain, wounds, etc 剧痛 重伤等 * a grievous error, fault, sin, crime, etc 严重的错误、过失、罪过、罪行等grievously adv. If you think that, you are grievously in error. 你要是那样想，你可就大错特错了。6. lustn. intense desire for sth or enjoyment of sth 对某事物的强烈欲望; 物欲; 爱好 *a lust for power, gold, adventure 对权力、黄金、冒险的强烈欲望 * filled with the lust of battle 渴望战斗的v. ( after/for sb/sth) feel a strong desire for sb/sth 对某人某事物有强烈的欲望*lust after women 贪恋女色 * He lusted for revenge. 他渴望复仇.7. ameliorate v. (cause sth to) become better （使某事物）变得更好, 改善, 改良*ameliorate conditions, circumstances, living standards改进情况、改善环境、提高生活水平amelioration n.climatic amelioration 气候改良technology amelioration 技术改进8. override v.disregard or set aside (sbs opinions, etc) 不顾, 不理会（某人意见等） *override sbs views, decisions, wishes, etc 无视某人的看法、决定、愿望等 * They overrode my protest and continued with the meeting. 他们不顾我的抗议仍继续开会. v.be more important than (sth) 比（某事物）更重要 *Considerations of safety override all other concerns. 对安全的考虑压倒一切.overriding adj.usu attrib 通常作定语 more important than any other considerations 首要的 It is of overriding importance to finish the project this week. 最重要的是本星期要完成这一项目.9. interfere Ipr with sth (a) handle, adjust, etc sth without permission, esp so as to cause damage （未得允许）摆弄; （尤指）弄坏: Whos been interfering with the clock? Its stopped. 是谁摆弄这钟来着? 已经不走了. (b) obstruct sth wholly or partially; prevent sth from being done or carried out properly 阻碍; 妨碍; 妨害: interfere with sb elses plans 妨碍某人的计画 Dont allow pleasure to interfere with duty. 不要让娱乐妨碍了职责. Ipr with sb (a) distract or hinder sb 干扰或妨碍某人: Dont interfere with him while hes working. 他工作的时候不要打搅他. (b) (Brit euph 婉) assault sb sexually （在性方面）侵犯某人: The police reported that the murdered child had not been interfered with. 警方报告说被害儿童没有遭到性侵犯.10. procure / prkju(r); prkjr/ v sth (for sb) (fml 文) obtain sth, esp with care or effort; acquire 取得某事物（尤指费心或费力）; 获得: The book is out of print and difficult to procure. 那书已绝版, 很难弄到手. Can you procure some specimens for me/procure me some specimens? 你能替我弄到一些标本吗? He was responsible for procuring supplies for the army. 他的职责是为部队采办军需品. procurement n U (fml 文) obtaining 获得: the procurement of goods, raw materials, supplies, weapons 货物 原料 供应品 武器之获得.11. bureaucrat / bjurkrt; bjrkrt/ n (often derog 常作贬义) official working in a government department, esp one who follows administrative routine and the rules of the department very strictly 官员（尤指墨守成规的）,官僚主义者insensitive, bungling, etc bureaucrats 麻木的 坏事的.官老爷. bureaucratic / bjurkrtk; bjrkrtk/ adj (often derog 常作贬义) of, like or relating to a bureau-cracy or bureaucrats 官僚制度的; 官僚的; 官僚般的: bureaucratic government 官僚政府 The report revealed a major bureaucratic muddle这个报告揭示了官僚作风引起的严重混乱. bureaucratically / -kl; -kl/ adv.bureaucracy: n. 官僚主义；官僚机构；官僚政治bureau: 办事处，办公室，机构；局，处，科12. condemn / kndem; kndm/ v Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n/a sb/sth (for/as sth) say that one disapproves of sb/sth 谴责; 责备; 指摘: We all condemn cruelty to children. 我们一致谴责虐待儿童的行为. The papers were quick to condemn him for his mistake. 报纸及时地指摘他的错误. She is often condemned as uncaring. 她常因不关心别人而受到责难. Tn, Cn.n/a sth (as sth) say officially that (sth) is faulty or not fit for use 官方宣称（某事物）有缺陷或不宜使用: The meat was condemned as unfit for human consumption. 这种肉已宣布不适宜人们食用. * a condemned building 已公布为不宜使用的建筑物. (a) Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.t sb (to sth/to do sth) (law 律) say what sbs punishment is to be; sentence sb (esp to death) 宣告某人要受的惩罚; 判某人刑（尤指死刑）: condemn sb to death/hard labour 判处某人死刑劳役 He was found guilty and condemned to be shot. 他被判有罪, 处以枪决. (b) Tn make (sb) appear guilty 使（某人）显示出有罪: His nervous looks condemned him. 他神色紧张, 显出有罪的样子. esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn.pr, Cn.t sb to sth/to do sth make sb take or accept sth unwelcome or unpleasant; doom sb 使某人接受不好的某事物; 使某人注定: an unhappy worker, condemned to a job he hates 闷闷不乐的工作者, 无奈何要做他厌恶的工作 As an old person, one is often condemned to live alone. 老年人常出於无奈而独自生活. condemnation / kndemnen; kndmnen/ n (a) U condemning or being condemned 谴责; 判罪; 注定. (b) C instance of this 谴责; 判罪; 注定: many condemnations of her action 对她行为的多方谴责.condemned cell:cell where a person who has been sentenced to death is kept 死囚牢房13. replete / rplit; rplit/ adj pred 作表语 (with sth) (fml 文) well-fed or full; gorged 饱食; 吃饱喝足: lions replete with their kill 捕获猎物後吃得饱饱的狮子 feel replete after a large meal 吃一大顿饭後觉得很饱. well stocked or supplied 备足的; 供应充分的: a house replete with every modern convenience 现代化设备一应俱全的房子. repletion / rplin; rplin/ n U (fml 文) state of being replete(1) 充满; 充足; 饱足: be full to repletion 很饱14. considerable / knsdrbl; knsdrbl/ adj great in amount or size 相当多的; 相当大的: a considerable quantity, sum, distance, etc 相当大的数量 数目 距离等 bought at considerable expense 花很多钱买到的 considerably / -bl; -bl/ adv much; a great deal 非常; 很; 相当地: Its considerably colder this morning. 今早冷得多.considerate / knsdrt; knsdrt/ adj (towards sb); (of sb) (to do sth) careful not to hurt or inconvenience others; thoughtful 为他人着想的; 考虑周到的: a considerate person, act, attitude 体贴别人的人 行为 态度等 considerate towards her employees 能体谅她那些雇员 It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was asleep. 在我睡觉时你不弹钢琴, 真是体贴入微. considerately adv. Considerateness n U15. sufficient / sfnt; sfnt/ adj (for sth/sb) enough 足够的; 充足的: sufficient money, time, fuel 足够的钱 时间 燃料 Is 10 sufficient for your expenses? 10英镑够你用的吗? Do we have sufficient (food) for ten people? 我们有够十个人吃的（食物）吗?sufficiency / -ns; -ns/ n of sth sing (fml 文) sufficient quantity of sth 足量; 充足: a sufficiency of fuel for the winter 足够过冬的燃料.sufficiently