金陵判词中英对译.doc

5红楼梦翻译艺术研究-红楼梦金陵判词1、宝玉便伸手先将“又副册”厨开了，拿出一本册来，揭开一看，只见这首页上画着一幅画，又非人物，也无山水，不过是水墨滃染的满纸乌云浊雾而已。后有几行字迹，写的是：原文1. Qingwen 杨译1. Qingwen霍译霁月难逢，A clear moon is rarely met with,Seldom the moon shines in a cloudless sky,彩云易散。Bright clouds are easily scuttered;And days of brightness all too soon pass by.心比天高，Her heart is loftier than the sky,A noble and aspiring mind身为下贱。But her person is of low degree.In a base-born frame confined,风流灵巧招人怨。Her charm and wit give rise to jealousy,Your charm and wit did only hatred gain,寿夭多因诽谤生，Her early death is caused by calumny,And in the end you were by slanders slain,多情公子空牵念。In vain her loving masters grief must be.Your gentle lords solicitude in vain. 【又副册判词之霁月难逢】这首判词写的是Qingwen之名及其一生遭际。“满纸乌云浊雾”的画面与判词相辅，象征她周围环境的黑暗和污浊。2、宝玉看了，又见后面画着一簇鲜花，一床破席，也有几句言词，写道是：原文2. Xiren 杨译2. Xiren霍译枉自温柔和顺，Nothing avail her gentleness and compliance,What price your kindness and compliance,空云似桂如兰；Osmanthus and orchid with her fragrance vie;Of sweetest flower the rich perfume?堪羡优伶有福，But this prize is borne off by an actor,You chose the player fortune favoured,谁知公子无缘。And luck passes the young master by.Unmindful of your masters doom. 【又副册判词之二枉自温柔和顺】这首判词写的是Xiren。画面“一簇鲜花，一床破席”（谐音“袭”）隐藏其名，又以鲜花之俊俏芳香和破席之污秽卑陋象征袭人性格中美丑两个方面。3、宝玉看了不解。遂掷下这个，又去开了副册厨门，拿起一本册来，揭开看时，只见画着一株桂花，下面有一池沼，其中水涸泥干，莲枯藕败，后面书云：原文3. Xiangling杨译3. Xiangling霍译根并荷花一茎香，Sweet is she as the lotus in flower,Your stem grew from a noble lotus root,平生遭际实堪伤；Yet none so sorely oppressed;Yet your life passed, poor flower, in low repute.自从两地生孤木，After the growth of a lonely tree in two soilsThe day two earths shall bear a single tree,致使香魂返故乡。Her sweet soul will be dispatched to its final rest.Your soul must fly home to its own country. 【副册判词根并荷花一茎香】这判词写的是Xiangling。画面上一枝桂花指夏金桂，池中水涸泥干、莲枯藕败象征香菱为环境迫害而早夭。4、宝玉看了仍不解。便又掷了，再去取正册看，只见头一页上便画着两株枯木，木上悬着一围玉带，又有一堆雪，雪下一股金簪。也有四句言词，道是：原文4. Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai 杨译4. Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai 霍译可叹停机德，Alas for her wifely virtue,One was a pattern of female virtue,堪怜咏絮才！Her wit to sing of willow-down, poor maid!One a wit who made other wits seem slow.玉带林中挂，Buried in snow the broken golden hairpinThe jade belt in the greenwood hangs,金簪雪里埋。And hanging in the wood the belt of jade.The gold pin is buried beneath the snow.【正册判词之一可叹停机德】这首判词合写Lin和Xue。5、宝玉看了仍不解。待要问时，情知他必不肯泄漏，待要丢下，又不舍。遂又往后看时，只见画着一张弓，弓上挂着香橼。也有一首歌词云：原文5. Jia Yuanchun杨译5. Jia Yuanchun霍译二十年来辨是非，For twenty years she arbitratesYou shall, when twenty years in lifes hard school are done,榴花开处照宫闱；Where pomegranates blaze by palace gates.In pomegranate-time to palace halls ascend.三春争及初春景，How can the late spring equal the springs start?Though three springs never could with your first spring compare,虎兔相逢大梦归。When Hare and Tiger meet,When hare meets tiger your great dream shall end.From this Great Dream of life she must depart. 【正册判词之二二十年来辨是非】此是Jia的判词。6、后面又画着两人放风筝，一片大海，一只大船，船中有一女子掩面泣涕之状。也有四句写云：原文6. Jia Tanchun杨译6. Jia Tanchun霍译才自清明志自高，So talented and high-minded,Blessed with a shrewd mind and a noble heart,生于末世运偏消；She is born too late for luck to come her way.Yet born in time of twilight and decay,清明涕泣江边望，Through tears she watches the streamIn spring through tears at rivers bank you gaze,千里东风一梦遥。On the Clear and Bright Day; Borne by the wind a thousand miles away.A thousand li the east wind blows,But her home in her dreams is far away. 【正册判词之三才自精明志自高】此首是Jia Tanchun判词，画面象征探春远嫁，犹如断线风筝飘摇而去，再难返回家乡。7、后面又画几缕飞云，一湾逝水。其词曰：原文7. Shi Xiangyun杨译7. Shi Xiangyun霍译富贵又何为？Nought avail her rank and riches,What shall avail you rank and riches,襁褓之间父母违；While yet in swaddling clothes an orphan lone;Orphaned while yet in swaddling bands you lay?展眼吊斜辉，In a flash she mourns the setting sun,Soon you must mourn your bright suns early setting.湘江水逝楚云飞。The river Xiang runs dry, the clouds over Chu have flown.The Xiang flows and the Chu clouds sail away. 【正册判词之四富贵又何为】这首判词写的是Shi Xiangyun。前二句说史湘云在襁褓（背孩子用的系带和包孩子的小被）之中就父母双亡，家庭虽然富贵而无人关心，从小没有得到过温暖。8、后面又画着一块美玉，落在泥垢之中。其断语云：原文8. Miaoyu杨译8. Miaoyu霍译欲洁何曾洁，Chastity is her wish,For all your would-be spotlessness云空未必空；Seclusion her desire;And vaunted otherworldliness,可怜金玉质，Alas, though fine as gold or jadeYou that look down on common flesh and blood,终陷淖泥中。She sinks at last in the mire.Yourself impure, shall end up in the mud. 【正册判词之五欲洁何曾洁】这首判词写的是Miao Yu。前二句写她的性格及她内心深处的矛盾。后二句“可怜金玉质，终陷淖泥中”与画面同义，作者肯定妙玉的品质有如金玉一般高贵，她的落入淖泥（淖音no，烂泥）是环境逼迫的结果。9、后面忽见画着个恶狼，追扑一美女，欲啖之意。其书云：原文9. Jia Yingchun杨译9. Jia Yingchun霍译子系中山狼，For husband she will have a mountain wolf,Paired with a brute like the wolf in the old fable,得志更猖狂；His object gained he ruthlessly berates her;Who on his saviour turned when he was able,金闺花柳质，Fair bloom, sweet willow in a golden bower,To cruelty not used, your gentle heart一载赴黄粱。Too soon a rude awakening awaits her.Shall, in a twelvemonth only, break apart. 【正册判词之六子系中山狼】这首判词写的是Jia Yingchun的悲惨遭遇。画面象征她将嫁给一个恶狼般的男子，并为其摧残至死。 10、后面便是一所古庙，里面有一美人在内看经独坐。其判云：原文10. Jia Xichun杨译10. Jia Xichun霍译勘破三春景不长，She sees through the transience of spring,When you see through the spring scenes transient state,缁衣顿改昔年妆； Dark Buddhist robes replace her garments fine;A nuns black habit shall replace your own.可怜绣户侯门女，Pity this child of a wealthy noble houseAlas, that daughter of so great a house独卧青灯古佛旁。Who now sleeps alone by the dimly lit old shrine.By uddhas altar lamp should sleep alone! 【正册判词之七勘破三春天不长】此首写贾惜春。画面和判词均是对她结局的预示。11、后面便是一片冰山，上面有一只雌凤。其判曰：原文11. Wang Xifeng杨译11. Wang Xifeng霍译凡鸟偏从末世来，This bird appears when the world falls on evil times;This phoenix in a bad time came;都知爱慕此生才；None but admires her talents and her skill;All praised her great ability.一从二令三人木，First she complies, then commands, then is dismissed,“Two” makes my riddle with a man and tree:哭向金陵事更哀。Departing in tears to Jinling more wretched still.Returning south in tears she met calamity. 【正册判词之八见鸟偏从末世来】这是Wang的判词。 【附】关于“一从二令三人木”的解释，现已提出三十多种。将它们综合归纳。可以分成两类：第一类把“一从”看作介词，与“自从”同义；另一类把句中的一、二、三看作序数词。每类又各有多种解法。今择要介绍如下： 第一类 1.“二令三人木”合成“冷来”。“冷”或谓指冷子兴，或谓指冷二郎柳湘莲，或谓指冷美人薛宝钗。因此又有几种说法： a.“冷”指冷子兴。庚辰本第十七、十八回元春省亲点戏豪宴一折，下有脂批：“一捧雪中，伏贾家之败。”一捧雪中向严世蕃进谗的小人汤裱褙，身份与古董商冷子兴相仿。贾府之败，即可能系冷子兴向某权贵进谗所致。参见“豪宴”条。 b“冷”指冷二郎柳湘莲。作此解者据甲戌第一回好了歌注“训有方，保不定日后作强梁”句旁脂批：“柳湘莲一干人”，认为柳湘莲后能成为农民起义领袖，因而牵连贾府获罪抄没、元春赐死。 c.“冷”指冷美人薛宝钗。宝钗嫁宝玉，成为荣府管家奶奶，王熙凤回到贾赦一支，受邢夫人、贾琏憎恶被休回娘家。 2.“二令三人木”合成“檢”字（“检”的繁体）。含义有二：一是凤姐平日作恶多端，为人检举；二是锦衣军抄检荣国府，凤姐失势而死。 3.“一从二令三人木”指凤姐害死尤二姐一段情事。六十八回尤二姐对凤姐言：“奴家年轻，一从到了这里之事，皆系家母和家姐商议主张。”“二令”指王熙凤下了两道命令，一命旺儿唆使张华告发贾琏，二命王信用钱疏通察院反坐张华以诬告罪；“三人木”指三个“休”字，分别见于第六十八、六十九回凤姐之言：“连官场中都知我利害吃醋，如今指名提我，要休我”；“回来咱们公同请了合族中人，大家觌面说个明白，给我休书，我就走路”；“没人要的了，你拣了来，还不休了，再寻好的。”故“一从”隐括“苦尤娘赚入大观园”；前两个“休”包括“酸凤姐大闹宁国府”；“二令”和第三个“休”则概括了“弄小巧用借剑杀人。觉大限吞生金自逝”。实包括六十八、六十九两回回目，和凤姐害死尤二姐的整个故事。这样，判词三、四句的意思就是说：自从“二令三人木”那件事发生，尤二姐死得当然凄惨，而凤姐本人死前“哭向金陵”更可悲哀。第二类 1“一从二令三人木”指贾琏对王熙凤态度的前后转变：一是顺从，二是命令。三是休弃； 2“一从二令三人木”指王熙凤和贾琏夫妇关系的三个阶段。一是王熙凤从夫，恪守妇道；二是王熙凤掌权，命令丈夫；三是王熙凤被丈夫休弃。此外说法甚多，从略。12、后面又是一座荒村野店，有一美人在那里纺绩。其判云：原文12. Qiaojie杨译12. Qiaojie霍译势败休云贵，When fortune frowns, nobility means nothing;When power is lost, rank matters not a jot;家亡莫论亲；When a house is ruined, kinsmen turn unkind.When families fall, kinship must be forgot.偶因济村妇，Because of help given by chance to Granny Liu,Through a chance kindness to a country wife巧得遇恩人。In time of need she is lucky a friend to find.Deliverance came for your afflicted life. 【正册判词之九势败休云贵】这是Qiaojie的判词。13、后面又画着一盆茂兰，旁有一位凤冠霞帔的美人。也有判云：原文13. Li Wan杨译13. Li Wan霍译桃李春风结子完，Peach and plum in spring winds finish seeding,The plum-tree bore her fru