船舶基础英语词汇.doc

船舶类型 Type of ShipsContainer ship 集装箱船Ro- Ro 滚装船Heavy-cargo vessel 起重船Refrigerated ship 冷藏船Bulk carrier 散货船Crude oil tanker 原油油轮Product tanker 成品油油轮Chemical tanker 化学品船LPG/LNG carrier 液化石油气、液化天然气船Passenger ships 客船Cruise ship 游船Trawler 拖网渔船Dredger 挖泥船Icebreaker 破冰船Cable layers 敷缆船Tugboat 拖轮船体结构 Structure of Hullengine room 机舱galley 厨房cargo hold 货舱bow 船首stern 船尾accommodation 舱室wing tank 边舱ballast tank 压载舱wheelhouse 驾驶室rudder 舵propeller 螺旋桨shaft generator 轴带发电机free fall lifeboat 抛落式救生艇hatch coaming 舱口围gangway 舷梯portside 左舷starboard side 右舷bow thruster 船首推进器gearbox 齿轮箱steering gear 舵机main deck 主甲板exhaust pipe 排气管bulbous bow 球襣首double bottom 双层底stern tube 尾管main engine主机radar antennas 雷达天线heavy lift crane 起重机bulk cargo 散货fire alarm 火警mess room 餐厅 fuel tank油舱bilge keel 舭龙骨Classification Society 船级社船舶尺度 Ship Dimensionlength between perpendiculars 垂线间长length over all 总长length on the water line 水线长draught forward 首吃水draught at the stern 尾吃水breadth over all 型宽depth 型深freeboard 干舷air draught 最大静空高度机械设备 Mechanical Applianceshatch cover 舱口盖watertight door 水密门ramp 跳板cargo gear 起货机slewing crane 回转式吊机windlass 起锚机mooring winch 绞缆机机舱设备 Engine Roomdiesel engine 柴油机turbo charger涡轮增压机four-stroke diesel engine 四冲程柴油机shaft generator 轴带发电机gearbox 齿轮箱tail shaft 艉轴cylinder 气缸piston 活塞connecting rod 连杆crankshaft 曲轴 电气设备 Electric Appliancesgenerator 发电机switchboard 配电板cable 电缆 power supply 电源shore power 岸电源circuit breaker 断路器contactors 接触器internal communication 内部通信修造工艺 ShipbuildingDesign 设计Lofting 放样Prefabrication of steel parts 钢板预锻接Material Marking 号料Fabrication and assembly 锻接及装配Welding 焊接Tightness Test 密性测试Launching 下水Outfitting 舾装Sea Trial 试航1. Cargo hold is so important that the ships construction is aimed at enabling the moving of the hold and its cargo through the water from port to port.货舱非常重要，船舶的建造目的就是使货舱和货物通过水路在港口之间往返。2.On small ships, the power for emergency systems is usually supplied by batteries for emergency lighting and communication for a limited period.小型船舶上，应急系统的电源通过蓄电池提供，用于短时间的应急照明与通信。3. Watertight doors are used in watertight bulkheads, for instance between engine rooms. They are designed to withstand water pressure, depending on the height they are installed.水密门被用在水密舱壁里，如机舱。根据水密门安装的高度，它们被设计来抵挡不同程度的水压。4. A circuit breaker is designed to be opened and closed under nominal current conditions. This makes a circuit breaker unsuitable to switch a large motor on and off, as the starting current is 8 to 10 times the nominal current.断路器在额定电流下开和关，因此断路器不适合大型电动机，因为大型电动机的起动电流是断路器额定电流的8到10倍。5. Most cargo is moved with the help of some type of cargo lifting gear. Only small and lightweight cargo is still moved by manpower.大多数货物需要某种类型的起货设备来移动。只有很少部分或是轻型的货物还需人力来搬运。6. The shipbuilding industry tends to build ships for heavy cargo, where every new generation of ships gets cranes with a higher capacity than the previous generation.造船业倾向于建造用于装运重型货物的船舶, 而且每一代新型船舶的吊机其期货量都要多于上一代船舶。7. The ships propulsion is done by propellers, which is driven by one or two engines through the propeller shaft and its blades can be fixed or adjustable.船舶推进是通过螺旋桨来实现的，螺旋桨通过桨轴由一台或两台柴油机驱动，其桨叶有固定式和可调式。8. When the ships electrical systems are ready, the switchboard is connected to the shore supply to get power. 当船舶电力系统全部准备完毕，配电板可和岸电源相连从而获取电源。9. Cables are the connections between the various components of the electrical installation, which are the largest cost factor in a ships electrical system.电线连接着各种电气设备，是全船电气系统中最大的成本要素。10. A multi-purpose vessel