2014人教版初二下册8单元现在完成时.doc

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island1、 重点短语 1. on page 25 在第25页 2. the back of the book 书的背面3. hurry up 赶快;匆忙 4. in two weeks 在两周之内5. go out to sea 出海 6. an island full of treasures 一个满是宝藏的岛屿7. write about 写作关于的内容 8. finish doing sth. 做完某事9. wait for another ship 等待另一艘船到来 10. learn to do sth. 学会做某事11. grow fruits and vegetables 种水果和蔬菜 12. a few weeks ago 几个星期前13. the marks of another man s feet另一个人的脚印 14. not long after that 不久之后15. run towards sp. 跑向某地 16. use. to do sth. 用来做某事17. signs left behind by someone某人留下的标记 18. read the newspaper 看报19. science fiction 科幻小说 20. can t w ait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事21. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法 22. number of people 人数23. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事 24. study abroad 在国外学习25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 26. come to realize 开始意识到27. ever since then 自从那时起 28. the southern states of America美国的南部地区29. belong to 属于 30. be kind to each other 善待彼此31. trust one another 互相信任 32. the beauty of nature 大自然的美33. have been to sp. 去过某地 34. do some research on sth. 对做研究35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事37. the firs t line in the song歌曲的第一行 38. enjoy success in享受的成功39. at the end of the day傍晚的时候语法：现在完成时定义：时间：【现在完成时的结构】肯定句：主语 + have/ has + 动词的过去分词 如：I have had lunch.否定句：主语 + havent/ hasnt + 动词的过去分词 如： I havent had lunch.一般疑问句：Have/ Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词 如：Have you had lunch?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + have/ has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词 如：What have you had for lunch?【动词的过去分词】 规则动词规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live-lived-lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped不规则动词 （1） cut-cut-cut AAA 型（2）beat beat beaten AAB型 （3）come came come ABA 型（4） buy bought bought ABB 型（5） take took taken ABC型练习：一写出下列动词的过去分词play study pass learnbook dance shop wantplan worry live hope2 翻译句子1. 我已经完成了我的作业了。2. 他已经买了两个手机了。3. 我还没有找到我的手表。4. 我的妹妹还没有起床。5. 你吃早饭了吗？6. 她找到工作了吗？【现在完成时的考点】考点一：现在完成时基本概念：表动作完成，对现在有影响He has cleaned his shoes.(鞋子现在干净了)Ive lost my passport. (现在找不到了)中考真题：Both his parents look sad. Maybe they what happened to him.A. knew B.have known C.must know D.will know考点二：与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already，yet, ever, never, before, so far1、 already 意为“已经”，用在肯定句中e.g. I have already finished doing my homework.2、 yet 意为“已经，还”，yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”，用在否定句中表示“还”，常放在句末e.g. I havent finished doing my homework yet. Have you finished doing your homework yet?3、 ever意为“曾经”，用在疑问句或者否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。e.g. Have you ever been to Shanghai ?4、 never意为“从来没有”，常与before连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。e.g. I have never traveled by plane before.5、 before意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。e.g. I havent heard of it before.6、 so far 到目前为止e.g. Ive been to New York three times so far. 至今我已到纽约去过三次。 7、 in the last/past . 在过去的 . 时间里 in the last few years 在过去的几年里 in the last two months 在过去的两个月里练习：1. 他已经做了决定。2. 我还没有把这本书还到图书馆。3. 你曾经看过这部电影吗？4. Linda 已经去上学了吗？5. 我的妈妈从没有给我买过新衣服。6. 以前我没有吃过汉堡。7. 到目前为止我已经学会了1200个单词了。8. 在过去的两年里我游览了十个城市。中考真题：-Why dont you want to see the dolphin show?-I it before. A. see B. saw C. will see D. have seen考点三：一般过去时与现在完成时的区别(动作都发生在过去) 确切时间 与 模糊时间 I finished my homework an hour ago. I have finished my homework. The letter didnt arrive yesterday. The letter hasnt arrived yet.中考真题：-Have you ever been to Shanghai ?-Yes,I there a few months ago.A. have been B. went C. have gone D. been考点四：have been to 与 have gone to 的区别 去过，已回 去了，未回Bill has been to Hong Kong.(曾经去过，已经回来了)He has gone out.（他现在不在家）-May I speak to Miss Wang?-Sorry, she isnt in. She to Shanghai.A. has been B. has gone C. goes D. Went考点五：现在完成时的用法：表过去的动作延续到现在A funny story:An old lady walked out into the middle of the street ,the policeman yelled to her,”Dont you know what it means when I hold up my hand?”The lady said,”Sure I do, I have been a school teacher for 28 years .”现在完成时表“延续”的条件：条件一：谓语要表“延续”I have bought this book for a year. 短暂性动词I have lived here for 3 years. 延续性动词条件二：与“延续性的时间状语”连用Peter has been in China for two years. 长达两年，表示延续Peter has been in China since 2011(since two years ago). 从2011到现在（从两年前到现在），表示延续总结：for+时间段 since+（过去的）时间点 since+时间段+ago练习：1. 我已经到这儿半个小时了。1 2 3 2.他已经做演员十年了。 1 2 33. I have learned 1000 words since I to learn English. A. have started B. start C. started D. will start中考真题：-Anne ,do you know Susan?-Sure, we friends for nearly two years.A. have known B. have been C. have become 现在完成时中的时间状语表示的是一段时间时, 句中的动词一定要用延续性动词。常见非延续性动词与延续性动词的转化对照表非延续性动词 延续性动词 非延续性动词 延续性动词 borrow/lend keep die be dead open be open close be closed buy have join be in/a member of leave be away (from) finish/end be over begin/start be on arrive/come be here/ in catch/get a cold have a cold marry be married (3)一般过去时与现在完成时的区别区别 例句 用法 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯的叙述过去发生的事情, 强调过去, 与具体的表示过去的时间的词连用 Tom lived in Beijing two years ago. 两年前汤姆住在北京。(不知道现在是否还住在北京) 现在完成时的动作虽然是发生在过去, 但是对现在有影响 Tom has lived in Beijing for two years. 汤姆住在北京两年了。(现在汤姆仍然还在北京) 例题解析： （一）用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺、连贯（每词限用一次）。job, chance, fourth, why, live, easy, honest, good, in order to, come outGood morning, ladies and gentlemen. Im here today to share a good lesson with you. It is a true story about an overseas student 71_ in Germany.After years of hard work, this student graduated with amazing achievements. Everyone thought he was going to get a good 72_ easily and have a bright future. But to his disappointment, he was not even given the 73_ for an interview! The third time he was refused, he couldnt help telephoning the company to ask 74_ they didnt want him. The answer was simple. We dont offer jobs to 75_ people in Germany.What was wrong, you might wonder? The truth is, shortly after he arrived in Germany, this clever student found that it was 76_ to skip buying subway tickets. So 77_ save money, he often went without a ticket. As a result, he had been caught without a ticket in the subway 78_ times.From this story, we learn that we may get short-term benefits in dishonest ways, but the truth will 79_ sooner or later and the cost is high. So remember: honesty is the 80_ rule.Thats all for my speech. Thank you!（二）用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺、连贯（每词限用一次）。so start easy badly someone difficult if thank class reporter medical succeedProving Them Wrong!I m John Wood, a doctor at a famous Boston hospital. During the first two years of high school, I found biology very 56_ . My report cards always said things like must study harder or John shouldnt choose science 57_ . It was really terrible for 58_ who had always dreamed of becoming a doctor. I lost confidence, so I left high school x j at sixteen and 59_ working at a supermarket.One evening I saw a documentary about Albert Einstein. According to the documentary, Einstein had done really 60_ at school. I began to think that Einstein could 61_ , then I may have a chance, too. I didnt want to leave my job, 62 _I decided to go to night school to finish high school. Two years later, I went to a 63_ university.Ive often thought I should contact the 64_ the Einstein documentaryand 65_ him. As for the biology teacher, I might contact her, too, one day - but not to thank her!单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。( )1. Bill hasnt finished reading Treasure Island yet. What about you? Ive read it twice .A. justthen B. justnow C. yet D. already ( )2 . Mum, its so late. Why are you still here? Dad hasnt come back yet. I for him. A. waited B. will wait C. am waiting D.was waiting( )3. I hope to go to Australia .You know I was born there. A. some day B. some days C. everyday D. every day( )4. The child isnt old enough to himself. A. wear B. put on C. have on D. dress( )5. Digital cameras are becoming more popular, but some still too much. A. pay B. cost C. take D. spend( )6. Where is your father, Jenny? I cant find him.He to Shanghai on business.He will come back in a week. A. has been B. has gone C. went. D. will go( )7. Could you please water the flowers in the garden? Oh, I A.have no time B. havent watered them C. have watered them D. can do it tomorrow( )8.The librarian books students. A. borrows; from B. lends; to C. returns; to D. sells; to( )9. I my lost wallet everywhere but I couldnt it. A. looked for; findB. looked for,findingC.have found;look D. have found; looking( )10. Amy _ the windows already, so the room looks much brighter. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaning D. has cleaned( )11.You _ buy the TV guide for next week. I have already bought a copy. A. mustntB. neednt toC. dont have toD. cant( )12. When we got to the bus stop, the bus for about half an hour. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away( )13. . How long have you been a league member? . A. A long time ago B. Since two years C. For about a year D. In 2006( )14.The parents encouraged their daughter her English A. improving B.to improve C. improved D. improves( )15.The meeting has already on for about ten minutes, but Henry yet.He must have something important to do. A. hasnt appeared B. has come C.hasnt spoken D. has lost 二完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。My favorite TV program is a reality show called Survivor (幸存者). It isnt on TV at the moment 16 it was on last year. In the show, two teams of people are taken to a (an) 17 . All of them have to sleep 18 because there arent any houses or hotels. They usually choose 19 really useful like a toothbrush since they can only 20 one thing with them. The people also have to find food by themselves. So they need to spend a lot of time fishing and collecting fruit from the 21 . Every week one person has to 22 . At the end, there are only two people on the island and one of them is chose 23 the winner.I really like Survivor because its very 24 and the people have to do things like hunting for food. I really 25 myself when I watch it. I dont want to be on the show, however, I like living in a house! ( )16.A.and B.so C.but D.or( )17.A.city B.school C.hospital D.island( )18.A.outside B.inside C.late D.early( )19.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything( )20.A.bring B.take C.buy D.sell( )21.A.stores B.farmers C.mountains D.trees( )22.A.die B.leave C.fight D.work( )23.A.to B.with C.as D.for( )24.A.healthy B.dangerous C.boring D.exciting( )25.A.enjoy B.hate C.forget D.make阅读理解 （共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。AReading is a good hobby for all kinds of reasons. First , reading is fun. You can always keep yourself happy if like reading. You will never feel bored or tired. Next, you can read a book anywhere-in a car, on a plane, or even in the bathroom. All you need is a book! Another good reason for reading is that it is useful. If you read as a hobby, you will get better and better at it. And you will read faster and find it easier to understand what you read. As your reading skills improve, you will probably find your schoolwork becomes much better. Some people say that reading is out of date (过时的). This is not true. You can read on computers, and the better you read, the better your computer skills will be. Good readers may become writers, too. They always have more things to write about. Reading is a wonderful hobby. Why not start reading right now?( )31. Reading can always keep yourself _. A. bored B. tired C. happy D.excited( )32. You can read a book _.A. anywhere B. when you are driving a car C. only on a plane D. only in the reading room( )33.You can read faster _. A. after you read a book B. after you finish your schoolworkC.if you are a student D. if you read as a hobby( )34.It is _ that reading is out of date. A. true B. not true C. sure D.easy( )35.What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Reading is a good hobby. B. You can read on computers. C. Good readers must be good writers. D. Reading is useful.BIf someone asks me: “Do you like music?” Im sure I will answer him or her: “Of course, I do.” Because I think music is an important part of our lives.Different people have different ideas about music. For me, I like rock music because its so exciting. And my favorite rock band, the “Fox Ladies (酷妹) is one of the most famous rock banks in the world. I also like pop music. My classmate ,Li Lan, loves