专八翻译样题.doc

1.(原 文)Four months before the election day, five men gathered in a small conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign. It was the last Saturday in June and at ten oclock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted. Even so, the men kept the door shut and the drapes carefully drawn. The three principals and their two deputies had come from around the country for a critical meeting. Their aim was to devise a strategy that would guarantee Ronald Reagans resounding reelection to a second term in the White House.It should have been easy. These were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ones to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nations economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a topflight staff, travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John. F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America -a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government.(参考译文)在离选举日还有四个月的时间，有五个人聚集在里根-布什总部的一个小型会议室里，翻着看一张硕大无比的日历，日历上清晰地标识出了1984年总统竞选剩下的日子。这是六月份的最后一个星期六的上午10时，整幢办公楼的其他部分几近人去楼空。即便如此，这几个人仍将大门紧闭，小心翼翼地拉下窗帘。三个主要人物及其二个副手从美国的不同地方汇聚在一起，召开一个殊为重要的会议。他们的目标是构思出一种策略，来确保里根能再次当选，在第二任期内再度入主白宫。要谋求再次当选理应轻而易举。这是一些久经沙场的退伍老兵，与里根有着千丝万缕的漫长联系，与共和党的联系甚至更为久远。这些人深谙总统政治，一如他们熟知这个国家中的所有政治事务那样。竞选的背景十分宜人，可供大做文章的好消息俯拾皆是：美国正置身于太平盛世之中;作为选举的一个关键因素，整个国家的经济在步出萧条期之后正强劲反弹。此外，竞选本身所筹得的款项更是不计其数。用于支付一流水平的竞争班子工作人员工资、进行巡回造势、以及制作播放电视广告的钱款绰绰有余。最为重要的是，他们所推介的总统候选人是罗纳尔德 里根(Ronald Reagan)，一位风度翩翩，魅力无穷，又极具迷人沟通技巧的执政总统。与约翰F肯尼迪(John F. Kennedy)以来的任何一位历届总统相比，里根更成功地勾勒出了一幅广阔的关于美国未来的前景-美国将成了一个重振军事雄风、民众富于个人进取心、联邦政府更加精简高效的国家。2. 导读英语专业八级汉译英练习：进取的幸福正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如此连绵不绝，永无止境。对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有一番新天地。虽然我们蜗居于这颗小行星上，整日忙于锁事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如何结束，在于我们的希翼，而并非拥有。We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have.3.2010英语专业八级考试汉译英练习：压力效应一艘货轮卸货后在浩瀚的大海上返航时，突然遭遇了可怕的风暴。水手们惊慌失措，经验丰富的老船长果断地命令水手们立刻打开货舱，往里面灌水。“船长是不是疯了，往船舱里灌水只会增加船的压力，使船下沉，这不是自寻死路吗?”一个年轻的水手嘟哝着。看着船长严厉的脸色，水手们还是照做了。随着货船里的水位越升越高，随着船一寸一寸地下沉，猛烈的狂风巨浪对船的威胁却一点一点地减少，货轮渐渐平稳了。船长望着松了一口气的水手们说：“百万吨的巨轮很少有被打翻的，被打翻的常常是份量轻的小船。船在负重的时候，是最安全的;空船时，则是最危险的。”Homeward bound after unloading its cargo, a ship ran into a violent storm in the middle of a vast ocean. The seamen were thrown into a panic. Without hesitation, the old but seasoned captain ordered water be poured into the hold immediately. A mad man, isnt he? He is going to bring his own destruction by filling water into the hold and making the ship go down, grumbled a young sailor.Noticing the captains stern look, the sailors reluctantly carried out his order. With the water coming up in the hold and the ship going down inch by inch, the threatening of the violent storm to the ship gradually subsided and the ship started to stabilize.The captain said to the relieved sailors: A million ton ship seldom turns over; its often the small ships that sank easily. Its safest when a ship is with load, and the most dangerous when without.这就是“压力效应”。那些得过且过，没有一点压力，做一天和尚撞一天钟的人，像风暴中没有载货的船，往往一场人生的狂风巨浪便会把他们打翻。This is called the pressure effect. The man who always muddles through in his work will easily be frustrated in a competitive society just like an unloaded ship that will turned over easily in a storm.4. 导读专八汉译英练习：当生活中的不确定感向你袭来我的一个好朋友最近接受了白血病测试。她对我说，最令人痛苦的折磨就是苦苦等待测试结果的那一周时间。我朋友说，她可能会学着直面坏结果。但真正让人煎熬焦虑的是那种茫然的感觉。孟克(Edvard Munch)的名画呐喊哈佛大学心理学家吉尔伯特(Daniel Gilbert)不久前在纽约时报(New York Times)的专栏中写道，不知道要发生什么坏事比知道什么坏事要发生的感觉更糟。我们大多数人之所以会夜不能寐、抽烟发泄，并不是因为道琼斯指数要再跌1000点，而是因为我们不知道道指会不会下跌不确定的感觉比不确定的事情本身更折磨人。Coping With the Certainty of UncertaintyA close friend of mine recently underwent tests for leukemia. The most agonizing part of the ordeal, she said, was the week-long wait for the test results. A bad outcome she could learn to cope with, my friend said. It was the not knowing, the uncertainty, that was so difficult.People feel worse when something bad might occur than when something bad will occur, wrote Harvard psychologist Daniel Gilbert in a recent New York Times op-ed. Most of us arent losing sleep and sucking down Marlboros because the Dow is going to fall another thousand points, but because we dont know whether it will fall or not and human beings find uncertainty more painful than the things theyre uncertain about.5.导读英语专业八级考试汉译英练习：两只老虎Two tigers有两只老虎，一只在笼子里，一只在野地里。在笼子里的老虎三餐无忧，在外面的老虎自由自在。笼子里的老虎总是羡慕外面老虎的自由，外面的老虎却羡慕笼子里的老虎安逸。一日，一只老虎对另一只老虎说：“咱们换一换。”另一只老虎同意了。于是笼子里的老虎走进了大自然，野地里的老虎走进了笼子。但不久，两只老虎都死了。一只是饥饿而死，一只是忧郁而死。许多时候，人们往往对自己的幸福熟视无睹，而觉得别人的幸福很耀眼，却想不到别人的幸福也许对自己不合适。There were two tigers; one lived in a cage and the other in the wild. The caged one didnt have to worry about his meal while the one outside was unrestrained.The caged tiger was always envious of the freedom of the one in the wild, while the other one envied the caged one for his ease. One day, one tiger said to the other: lets change places. The other one agreed.Thereupon the caged one went back to nature while the other came into the cage. But before long both died, one of starvation, and the other, melancholy.Sometimes one is not conscious of his own happiness and always thinks the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence, but not think over that one mans meat is another mans poison.6. 导读英语专业八级考试汉译英练习：真正的幸福正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如此连绵不绝，永无止境。对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有一番新天地。虽然我们蜗居于这颗小行星上，整日忙于锁事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如何结束，在于我们的希翼，而并非拥有。参考译文：We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have.7. 导读2011英语专业八级汉译英练习：成为圣者的秘诀The secret of being a saint (revised by Uncle Yeti)从前，在一个国家里，有一位做了无数善事的善心者。国王非常欣赏他的善举，便封他为圣者。有一天，圣者过八十大寿，国王前来庆贺，特别带来一位画家，想通过画家的笔，将这位圣者慈祥的容貌画下来，作为世人的典范。用完晚餐之后，众多的嘉宾前来观赏这幅慈爱的画。肖像画家将这幅画像拿出来的时候，所有人大吃一惊。因为画里的人根本没有慈善的面貌，反而充满暴戾，粗野，邪恶的气息。国王一看，生气地要人把画家拖出去鞭打。这时，圣者听到惊呼声，跑了过来，他看到这幅画后，跪倒在地：“国王，这画里的人，才是真实的我啊。”国王惊诧地问：“为什么?”圣者道：“这就是我一生挣扎着，不想去做的那个人啊。”在这世上，没有天生的圣者，惟有能时时刻刻自我反省，自我检视的人，才能成为圣者。Once upon a time there lived in a country a do-gooder. The king was very appreciative of his deeds and decided to honor him as a saint by a decree.On the saints eightieth birthday, the king was invited to his birthday celebration. He brought with him a painter so as to do a picture of the kindly saint as a paragon for his countrymen.When the feast is over all the guests were asked to have a look at the picture. To their great surprise, when the picture was shown, what they saw was not a kind but a ruthless and cruel look. The king was very angry at seeing this and ordered his men to beat the painter.Upon hearing the noise, the saint rushed to the scene to have a look at the picture. After viewing it, the saint knelt down and said, your majesty, the person in the picture is none other than me. Why? said the king, dumbfounded. This has been the very person whom I have never wanted to be.In this world, there are no naturally born saints; only those who can do self-criticism and self-examination, can become saints.8. 导读2011年英语专业八级汉译英练习：白蚁之害你知道白蚁之害吗?一座大厦如果有了白蚁，不加防治，不到十年时间，里面的地板壁板，都会蛀蚀一空。一般的房屋受了严重的蚁害，有的还会突然倒塌下来，伤了性命。电杆被白蚁蛀蚀，一般两三年就要换一次。船只有了白蚁，轻的会将货物蛀烂，重的会使船沉没。铁路枕木如果受白蚁侵蚀，火车就有出轨的危险。白蚁这种害虫，实在是相当可恶的。在我们的社会里，则有另一种“白蚁”。前些日子报载吉林省外贸局副局长王震宇利用职权，大慷国家之慨，吃喝玩乐，请客送礼，浪费惊人，不也是一种“白蚁”之害吗?白蚁* termite 等翅目的一种像蚂蚁的昆虫,群居,取食木材,对森林、建筑、桥梁等为害极大*White ants*害: harm; harmfulness; destruction, destructiveness, destructivityThe Destructiveness of TermitesTermites are destructiveThe Destructive Termites你知道白蚁之害吗?*译文: Do you know how destructive termites are?*Do you know termites are destructive?* Have you heard of destruction by termites?一座大厦如果有了白蚁，不加防治，不到十年时间，里面的地板 、壁板，都会蛀蚀一空。*大厦: edifice, high-rise, mansion, tall building* 有了白蚁: 这里似乎有“白蚁泛滥成灾”或“闹蚁灾”的意思, be infested with ,be rampant with* 一座大厦如果有了白蚁，不加防治:*防治: prevent and control; check*(如果)不加防治: 加以: 对进行 (无需翻译)*不到: less than; fewer than; with ten years*地板: wooden floor*壁板: wall paneling*蛀蚀: bore, worm-eaten; moth-eaten; eat away, damage*一空: 一点不剩 nothing is left; to nothing ; with nothing left; eat away all参考译文If a tall building were infested with termites and nothing were done to prevent and control them, the entire wooden floor and wall paneling inside it would have been eaten away in less than ten years.一般的房屋受了严重的蚁害，有的还会突然倒塌下来，伤了性命。*受了害: be infested with; be affected by; suffer (severe damage) from; termite-ridden(充满的), be invaded by一般的房屋受了严重的蚁害，有的还会突然倒塌下来，伤了性命。*一般的房屋(如果)受了严重的蚁害: 此句为条件关系. Ordinary houses*另外可以把“有的”与“一般的房屋”合起来，变成 “some of the ordinary houses might collapse if heavily damaged by termites.一般的房屋受了严重的蚁害，有的还会突然倒塌下来，伤了性命。“会”字的翻译: will, would, can, could, may, might*倒塌: collapse, topple, crumble*伤了性命: cause death; cause a loss of life*参考译文:*1. If seriously damaged, some houses of the ordinary kind might topple, causing deaths.*2. If ordinary houses suffered from termite attack, some would collapse, killing people inside.*3. Some of the ordinary houses damaged by termites might collapse, causing casualties.电杆被白蚁蛀蚀，一般两三年就要换一次。*电杆: wire pole，不能译成electric pole(带电的杆子)*一般: usually; as a rule ; ordinary; common; generally speaking;*更换: substitute; replace9. 导读英语专八级汉译英练习：止谤莫如自修张恨水先生曾写过一篇为人应当接受批评，他说：“生平很少和人打笔墨官司，就是人家指出我的名姓来教训一顿，我也不曾回复一个字。这样做，我并非怯懦，也并非过分的容忍。我有个感想，我错了，止谤莫如自修。我不错，最好借事实来答复。这是一个办法，也许不适合他人，但至少我自己，在做人上纠正了不少错误。而三十年来的写作生涯，略有寸进，一大半也就是根据别人的批评而得的。” 恨水先生对待批评的态度，很值得当今文化人学习。Mr. Zhang Henshui once wrote up A Man Should Accept Criticisms. In this article, he said, I seldom deliver paper arguments with people and even write a single word in retort when someone launches a criticism by mentioning my name. Neither does this mean that I am weak, nor over tolerant. I think if I did something wrong, the better way to against defaming is to do self-examination; if its not my fault, Id rather air my opinions based on the fact. This may be not practical for other people, but at least it helps me a lot on behaving myself. During the life of my over thirty years writing, some progress I have made mostly benefits from others criticisms.Mr.Zhangs