高中英语Unit4BehindbeliefsSectionⅠ学案牛津.docx

Unit 4Behind beliefs句型It takes sb.some time to do something 花费某人多长时间做某事主语 find 宾语宾语补足语发现或觉得怎么样语法Analysis of complicated sentences写作讲述一个寓言故事考点shortTibetan Buddhism中国是一个倡导宗教信仰自由的国家，你了解我国西藏地区的宗教吗？Nearly all Tibetans follow Tibetan Buddhism，with the exception of approximately 2 000 adherents of Islam and 600 of Catholicism.Tibetan Buddhism is a branch of Chinese Buddhism.In the 7th century AD.，Buddhism was introduced into Tibet from China and Nepal.It first gained acceptance among the nobility，later being gradually embraced by all of society.The conversion of Tibet is usually considered as proceeding in two stages，the first propagation(传播) from the 7th to the 9th centuries，followed after a break by the second propagation lasting from the tenth century until the middle of the present century.During this long latter period，a constant stream of eminent Buddhist monks and scholars came from India and Kashmir bringing the dharma(教规)An indigenous(土生土长的) religion，Bon influenced the development of the particular form of Mahayana Buddhism known as Tibetan Buddhism.Respecting and protecting the freedom of religious belief is a basic policy of the Chinese Government.This policy is carried out in the Tibet Autonomous Region as it is elsewhere in China.The policy may be briefly stated as asserting citizens freedom to believe or not believe in any religion.To abandon a religion he or she followed in the past or follow a religion that he or she didnt follow in the past and to follow any sect within a given religion.After the peaceful liberation of Tibet，institutions at various levels in Tibet earnestly carried out the policy of freedom of religious belief and were widely praised.Currently，under the protection of the Constitution and laws，the people of Tibet enjoy fully their freedom of developing normal religious activities.诱思探究1Who accepted Buddhism first in Tibet?2What is the basic policy of the Chinese Government on religion?答案：1.The nobility. 2.Respecting and protecting the freedom of religious belief is a basic policy of the Chinese Government.词汇拓展1_ vt.强调；突出；加下划线_ adj.被强调的；加了下划线的答案：underline；underlined2_ vt.击打；撞击；攻击；罢工_n罢工；袭击，打答案：strike；strike3_ adj.农业的_n农业答案：agricultural；agriculture4_ vt.播种；散布_n播种机；传播者答案：sow；sower5_ vt & vi.(使)成熟_adj.熟的答案：ripen；ripe6_ n负担；重担；重负_ adj.难以承担的；繁重的答案：burden；burdensome7_ vt.(使)缩短_adj.短的答案：shorten；short8_vt.& vi.传送，运送，发表(演讲)，宣布_ n交付，交货答案：deliver；delivery9_ vt.把放在中央_ n中心_ adj.中央的；核心的答案：centre；centre；central10_ vt.& vi.祈祷；祷告_ n祷告，祷词答案：pray；prayer.短语互译1_ 不久；过一会儿答案：by and by2_ 所有钱；每一分钱答案：every penny3_ 打工；受雇于人答案：hire oneself out4_ 受欢迎，流行答案：catch on5_ 依靠，依赖答案：count on6_ 圣诞前夕答案：Christmas Eve7_ 围绕；以为中心答案：be centred around/centre around8in other words_答案：换句话说9among other things_答案：除了别的东西，此外10have a thorough understanding of_ 答案：透彻理解11on ones behalf_答案：代表.重点句型1Idioms often use _ _ _ words to represent a single object，person or concept，_ _ _ ，and _ you recognize an idiom when it is being used，it is easy to misunderstand what you read or hear spoken.习语常常用一些词代表某一物体、人物或概念以及其他的一些事物，除非你能识别习语运用，否则你很容易误解所读到的或听到的内容。答案：a number of；among other things；unless2A biblical idiom is often an expression that _ the moral of a story and gives the audience _ _ to help them understand the story better.圣经习语常常是突出故事寓意的固定表达方式，给听众或者读者一幅图像，以帮助他们更好地理解故事。答案：underlines；a picture3In the dream，a stone flew at the statue and _ it _ _ _.在梦中，一块石头飞向塑像，砸在了它的脚上。答案：struck；on the feet4It comes _ a story where a son left home to waste all of his time and money _ _ himself.这个习语来自于圣经中的一个故事，一个儿子离开了家，花费所有的时间和金钱去玩乐。答案：from；in amusing5After spending _ _ of his money and being _ _ _ _ _ _ feed pigs，he realized that he had been a fool and went home.在花光每一分钱之后，他沦落到为人打工，替别人养猪。他意识到自己是多么愚蠢，于是回家。答案：every penny；reduced to hiring himself out to6.but it _ _ computer programs.但是它和电脑程序有关。答案：relates to7.few of these new idioms would ever really_ _.这些新的习语很少真正流行。答案：catch on8This proverb is usually _ to “great minds think alike”这个俗语通常被缩减为“英雄所见略同”。答案：shortened9Dont _ _ something going well until it happens.在事情还没有发生之前，不要指望它太好。答案：count on10Then the emperor _ a group of officials to go _ _ _ as agents to India to find more information about Buddha.于是皇上下令派遣一批大臣作为使臣，前往印度了解更多关于佛的情况。答案：instructed；on his behalf11Today the White Horse Temple complex _ _ _ a southfacing courtyard that_ _ _ a rectangle.如今，整座白马寺庙以一个朝南的长方形庭院为中心。答案：is centred around；is shaped likeSection Welcome to the unit，Reading & Word powerBiblical idioms in EnglishDefinition of the idiomAn idiom is a group of words or a(n) 1._ whose meaning often cant be understood by looking at the meanings of the separate words in it.FunctionIdioms use a number of words to 2._ a single object，person or concept，among other things.Idioms from the BibleMany idioms used in English came from the Bible，which was first 3._ in Hebrew or Greek idioms,4._ have become part of the English language.A large number of idioms have 5._ their original meanings as time goes on.Three kinds of examplesThe first kind of idioms is linked to stories，which are often meant to underline the 6._ of a story and to give audiences a picture to help them understand the story better.The second kind of idioms is related to 7._.The Bible uses them to create an image，such as “kill the fatted 8._”Another focus is agricultural life or food，for example，“ the 9._ of somebodys eye.”ConclusionBecause idioms are carriers of history and culture，studying them can help improve your comprehension，and by learning enough idioms，you can develop a high level of 10._ in your communication skills.答案：1.expression2.represent3.written4.(part of) which5.changed/lost 6.moral7.animals8.calf9.apple 10competence1Idioms often use a number of words to represent a single object，person or concept，among other things，and unless you recognize an idiom when it is being used，it is easy to misunderstand what you read or hear spoken.习语常常用一些词代表某一物体、人物或概念以及其他的一些事物，除非你能识别习语运用，否则你很容易误解所读到的或听到的内容。(1)a number of 许多的，大量的，后接可数名词的复数形式A number of boys have been absent some time during the term.这学期有许多男学生有时候缺课。有类似用法，表示许多，后面只能跟复数名词的有：quite a few；many后面跟不可数名词的有：a large amount of；a great deal of后面既可跟复数名词又可接不可数名词的有：a lot of；lots of；plenty of；a large quantity of；quantities of 后面只能跟单数名词且谓语动词用单数的有：many a；more than oneHe does not speak English，but he knows quite a few English words.他不会说英语，但他认识好多英文单词。A large amount of money is spent on tobacco every year.每年在烟草上花去大量的钱。He had given this question a great deal of thought.他对这个问题做过许多思考。Many a quarrel comes about through a misunderstanding.许多争执都是由于误会产生的。More than one person has made the suggestion.不止一人提过这个建议。(2) among other thingsamong others除了别的东西，此外Do you like music?你喜欢音乐吗？Yes，I like rock music，among others.是的，除了其他音乐，还喜欢摇滚乐。At the meeting，they discussed recent events in Eastern European，among things.在会议上他们讨论了近来东欧的一些事件和别的一些事情。A large _ of foreign friends have visited China this year.AamountBnumberCplenty Ddeal提示：foreign friends为可数名词复数，故选B项。答案：B3)unless you recognize an idiom when it is being used为让步状语从句。在unless 引导的从句中遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句中用将来时(will，can等do)时，从句中用现在时表示将来。I will not go unless I hear from him.除非我接到他的来信，否则我不会去的。I shall go there unless it rains.除非下雨，否则我将去那里。The Government cannot operate effectively_ it is free from such interference.Aso thatBunlessCbecause Dthough提示：句意为“除非不受这种干涉，否则政府不能有效地工作”。从四个选项中可以看出空格后的句子是个从句。 根据上下文理解，“只有摆脱干扰，政府才能有效工作”，从句应是主句的条件。这四个选项中只有unless 可以引导条件状语从句。答案：B2A biblical idiom is often an expression that underlines the moral of a story and gives the audience a picture to help them understand the story better.圣经习语常常是突出故事寓意的固定表达方式，给听众或者读者一幅图像，以帮助他们更好地理解故事。underline vt.强调；突出；加下划线His question at the press conference underlined his ignorance of the matters being discussed.他在记者会上提出的问题表明了他对所讨论的问题一无所知。Strikes by prison officers underline the need for reform in our gaols.监狱工作人员罢工一事，突出地表明我们的监狱制度必须改革。Please_ the sentences in the passage that you cant understand and then ask your teacher for help.AunderlineBundermineCunderrate Dundermanned提示：句意：请在文中你不懂的句子下面画线，然后向老师求助。undermine意为“逐渐削弱，挖的墙脚”； underrate意为“低估，过低评价”；undermanned意为“人员不足的”。答案：A3In the dream，a stone flew at the statue and struck it on the feet.在梦中，一块石头飞向塑像，砸在了它的脚上。strike vt.击打；撞击；攻击；罢工；划火柴；某人突然想起；(钟)敲响报时He struck his head against the stove as he fell.他倒下时，头撞到炉子上了。The huge clock of the Customs House strikes the hours.海关大钟报时。What struck me most was what the little girl said.给我影响最深的是小女孩说的话。The visitor was struck by the beauty of the West Lake.游客被西湖的美景迷住了。All the workers in London are striking.伦敦的所有工人都在罢工。The damp matches wont strike.潮湿的火柴划不着。I was about to give up when a good idea struck me.我正打算放弃时突然想起一个好主意。“某人突然想起某个主意”的表达方式小结：A good idea occurs to/strikes/comes to sb.Ses up with/puts forward/sets forward a good idea.(1)I am still _ by the natural beauty of the lake.AhitBstrikedCbeat Dstruck提示：句意为“我仍然为湖泊的自然美所吸引”。此处be struck by表达“被迷住；被吸引”的意思。答案：D(2)He _ on a solution to the problem.Aoccurred Bcame upCcame Dstruck提示：句意为“他突然想到一个解决问题的办法”。occur/come to的主语为想法或被提出的意见，不与介词on搭配；come up 与with连用；strike on sth.突然想起某事。答案：D4It comes from a story where a son left home to waste all of his time and money in amusing himself.这个习语来自于圣经中的一个故事，一个儿子离开了家，花费所有的时间和金钱去玩乐。(1)waste ones time or money (in)doing sth.花费时间做某事Little Tom wasted all his spare time in playing computer games.小汤姆把他的所有闲余时间都浪费在打电脑游戏上。类似的结构有spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事have difficulty/trouble/problems in doing sth.做某事有困难They spend lots of time doing what they find gratifying and fun.他们把大量的时间花在他们认为高兴和有趣的事情上。Some Chinese students have difficulty in getting their tongues round some English words.许多中国学生在一些英语单词的发音方面有很大困难。(2)amuse vt.给娱乐(消遣)；逗笑How do you amuse yourself during the vacation?你假期里怎样消遣？amusement n娱乐；消遣to ones amusement 令某人开心的是amusing adj.逗人笑的；娱人的He did that for amusement.他为了消遣才做那件事的。He related to his wife some amusing stories about his employer.他对妻子述说了有关他的雇主的一些趣事。The _ story made all of the people present _.Aamusement；amuseBamuse；amusementCamusing；amusedDamused；amusing提示：the amusing story令人发笑的故事；make sb.amused 让某人发笑。答案：C5After spending every penny of his money and being reduced to hiring himself out to feed pigs，he realized that he had been a fool and went home.在花光每一分钱之后，他沦落到为人打工，替别人养猪。他意识到自己是多么愚蠢，于是回家。(1)every penny 每一分钱，所有钱Her mother used to keep track of every penny she spent.她母亲从前把自己所花的每一分钱都记下来。penny的复数形式有两种：pennies和pence；I have 5 pennies.我有5个一便士的硬币。I have 5 pence.我有5便士(的钱)。I have a fivepence.我有一个五便士的钱。How do you like your money?_，please.AVery muchBI dont careCA 100 pence DA 100 pennies提示：句意为“您想要什么样的钱？一张100便士的”。答案：C(2)be reduced to 沦落到；还原成；缩短到He was reduced to beggary.他穷困潦倒。I seemed to be reduced to my former calm，sedate way of living.我似乎又恢复了以前那种安定、宁静的生活方式。Carrie was not to be reduced to the common level of observation.嘉莉并不迁就那种平庸的看法。3)hire oneself to do sth.打工；受雇于人He hired himself to wash dishes in a restaurant.他在一家饭店打工。(1)Shortly after the accident，he _ to poverty.AreducedBwas reducingCwas reduced Dhas reduced提示：句意为“事故之后不久，他就陷入贫困中”。答案：C(2)After graduation，he _ himself _ work as a seller.Aemployed；to Bemployed；atChired；to Dhired；at提示：句意为“毕业之后，他打工当了一名销售员”。答案：C6.but it relates to computer programs.但是它和电脑程序有关。relate to：有关；涉及；与相处；理解To what events did your remark relate?你的话指的是什么事？