Book 3_U1_重点词汇讲解.doc

U1 重点词汇讲解Welcome to the unit1. Blind people can read by touching letters in raised dots called Braille.raised: adj. 凸起的raise: vt. raise your hand 举起手 raise the price 提高价格 raise money for the charity 为慈善机构筹钱 raise a baby 养育小孩rise: vi. The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东边升起。 (rise, rose, risen)arise: vi. The problem arises from lack of communication. 这个问题产生于缺乏沟通。 (arise, arose, arisen)2. However, even if we have good senses, they can still confuse us.confuse: vt. sth. confuse sb. 某物使某人困惑confused: adj. sb. is confused about sth. 某人对于某物感到困惑。 his confused look/expression 他的困惑的表情confusing: adj. sth. is confusing. 某物令人困惑。 He was confused about the confusing news. 他对这个令人困惑的消息感到困惑。Reading1. As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat.observe: vt.(1) 观察 observe sth./sb.; observe that The teacher observed that some students were asleep. 老师发现一些学生睡着了。 observe (see, watch, notice) sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事（强调过程，动作的结果） sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事 （强调动作正在进行）(2) 遵守（规则、法令等） Everyone should observe the traffic rules. 每个人都应遵守交通规则。 (3) 庆祝 How will you observe your birthday? 你将如何庆祝你的生日？observer: n. 观察者observation: n. 观察，观察力2. While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her.rest: n. (1) the rest剩余的人，物Take what you want and throw the rest away. 拿走你需要的，然后把剩余的扔掉。the rest 作主语时，谓语动词由of 后的名词单、复数决定The rest of his life was spent in prison. 他的余生在狱中度过。The rest of the books are on the shelf. 剩余的那些书在架子上。(2) 休息 have a rest 休息一下adj. 剩余的glance: vi. glance at 看一眼，瞥一眼The man glanced nervously at his watch. 男子紧张地瞥了一眼他的手表。【辨析】glance at 很快地看一眼，瞥一眼glare at 怒视stare at 凝视，盯着看n. give/take/have a glance at (朝)一瞥3. There was no one in sight.sight: n. 视力，视觉in sight 看得见 The train is still in sight. 火车还在视线范围内。out of sight 看不见catch / get / have sight of 看到，发现at the sight of sth. 一看见 They ran away at the sight of the police. 他们一看见警察就跑了。 near-sighted, short-sighted 近视眼的4. As she walked along the narrow street, she heard the sound of footsteps approaching, but by the time she reached the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone.approach: vi. 接近，靠近，即将到来 The summer vacation is approaching. 暑假即将到来。vt. 接近，靠近He cautiously approached the house. 他小心地走近那房子。 n. 方法the approach to the problem 问题的解决方法5. Polly hesitated.hesitate: vi. 犹豫vt. hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事hesitation: n. Without any hesitation, he jumped into the river to save the drowning child. 他毫不犹豫地跳下河去救溺水的孩子。6. A few seconds later, a hand reached out and grasped her arm. reach out: 伸出reach out (ones hand) for sth.: 伸出手拿某物The beggar reached out for money. 乞丐伸手要钱。【拓展】 out of (ones) reach 够不着，触不到The banana was out of the monkeys reach. 猴子够不着香蕉10. You really shouldnt feel anxious.anxious: adj. 焦急的，忧虑的 be anxious about sth./ that 渴望的 We are really anxious for peace. 他们确实渴望和平。 Im really anxious to see him. 我急于见他。11. Thank you so much for coming to my aid, said Polly in relief.relief: n. 宽心，慰藉，轻松 vt. relieve ones pain 减轻，缓和某人的痛苦Grammar and usage1. reduce: v. 减少，降低，减缓reduce pain/ costs/ speed: 减轻痛苦、降低价格、减慢速度The price has been reduced to 50 yuan. 价格被降到50元。 by 50 yuan. 价格被降了50元。【反义词】 increase v. 增加 2. volunteer: n. 志愿者v. 志愿做，自愿做volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事Many volunteers volunteered to help the old in their town. 许多志愿者自愿帮助镇上的老人。 volunteer for sth. 志愿为某事（出力） voluntary: adj. 志愿的 voluntarily: adv. 志愿地3. recognize: vt. 认出 I could hardly recognize her at first sight. 我第一眼几乎不能认出她。 认可 be widely recognized as 被广泛的认可为4. puzzle: vt. sth puzzle sb. 某物令某人迷惑puzzled: adj. 感到迷惑的puzzling: adj. 令人迷惑的Task1. distance: n. 距离in the distance 在远处at a distance 隔一段距离within walking distance 很近2. suit: n. （一套）衣服 vt. sth suit sb. 适合 be suited to 适合3. attach: vt. 贴上，系上 attach sth. to sth. attach importance to sth. 重视某事 使依附;使附属 This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby. 这个医院附属于附近的那所医学院。Project1. Contrary to what many people might assume, evidence shows that sharks seldom attack humans. contrary: adv. 相反地，反对地Contrary to expectation, he didnt win in the contest. 与预期相反,他在竞赛中没有获奖。adj. 相反的,对立的 His views are contrary to mine.他的看法与我相反。 n. 相反;相反的事物 You didnt bother me. On the contrary, I like your company. 你没有打扰我。相反地,我喜欢你的陪伴。2. Do not wear bright clothing or jewellery, because sharks are attracted to the flash of colors and bright objects.attract: vt. 引起.的注意(或兴趣等) Jim was attracted to the Italian girl. 吉姆被那位意大利女孩所吸引。吸;吸引 The garden city attracts many tourists. 那个花园城市吸引许多游客。 attraction: n. 吸引，吸引力，吸引物 attractive: adj. 吸引的，有吸引力的3. likely: adj. 可能的He is likely to come.= It is likely that he will come.可以说 It is likely/probable/ possible to do sth./ that 但只能说 sb. is likely to do sth.4. During both World