2012年12月英语四级考试模拟试题及答案(4).doc

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated _47 _? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date.Many people are afraid to assert(表现)themselves. Dr. Alberti thinks its because their self-respect is low. Our whole _48 _ is designed to make people distrust themselves, says Alberti. Theres always _49 _ around-a parent, a teacher, a boss-who knows better. These superiors often gain when they chip(削弱) away at your self-image.But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people _50 _ themselves. They _51 _ assertiveness training courses-At for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more _52 _ without hurting other people.In one way. learning to speak out is to _53 _ fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger _54 _-the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more important than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to _55 _ your own good sense.You go by the other persons _56_ . But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.A doubt I peaceB active J demandC system K askD offer L superiorE unfairly M overcomeF unfortunately N confidenceG motive O roarH imageSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestion 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Among all the animals, the ape is most like human beings. Both people and apes have the similar brain structure, the similar nerve system, and the similar kind of blood.There are four kinds of apes: the chimpanzee(黑猩猩), the orangutan(猩猩), the gorilla(大猩猩), and the gibbon(长臂猿). They live in the deep forests and warm tropical regions of Africa and of Southeast Asia, including Indonesia.All apes are covered with brown, reddish-brown, or black hair everywhere on their bodies except their faces, feet, and hands. Their hands each have four fingers and a thumb that helps them grip things the way our thumbs help us. But they also have a thumb on each foot instead of a big toe. Thus they can hold things with their feet also. Having short, weak legs, apes do not walk on the ground very much. However, their arms are very strong. This enables them to swing from branches and travel very quickly from tree to tree.These animals live in small family groups that move from place to place in search of vegetables and fruits. They also eat eggs, small animals, nuts, and insects. When they are tired, they build nests in the trees. But they rarely sleep there for more than a night or two. Then they move on to look for more food.There are some differences among the following three kids of apes. The gibbon is never more than three feet high and weight only about fourteen pounds. The gorilla grows to be six feet tall and weight up to 600 pounds. The orangutan is smaller than the gorilla. It stands three to five feet tall and weight up to 200 pounds.Chimpanzees are the smartest of all apes. They can be taught to sit at a table and eat, to dress themselves, and to do things that human children can do.57. What does the first paragraph tell us?A The ape looks like human beings most.B People and the ape think alike.C People and the ape behave alike.D The ape is the most intellectual animal in the world.58. Which of the following sentences is TRUE?A All apes are brown or black.B All parts of apes bodies are covered with hair.C Apes have weak legs but very strong arms.D Apes arms are strong enough to swim.59. Apes build nests in the trees but seldom sleep there for more than a night or two because _.A They like to live in small family groupsB They like to move from place to place in search of more foodC They like to eat eggs, small animals, nuts and insectsD it rains too often in the deep forests60. Among the three kinds of apes, _.A the gorilla is the biggestB the gibbon is only three feet high but it is heavier than the orangutanC the orangutan is smaller than the gorilla and cleverer than the gibbonD the orangutan can stand up to a great height, but others cannot61. The last paragraph tells us that _.A chimpanzees can do better than human childrenB chimpanzees can do many things that human children cannot doC human children can do many things that chimpanzees cannot doD the intelligence of chimpanzees is similar to that of human childrenPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Videodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking, or socializing. Almost eleven percent of the students aged 321 in this country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education program. Handicapped students require special education because they are often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following ways: mentally retarded(发展迟缓的) learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deaf, visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments. The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging.A special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire information. Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and indefatigable(孜孜不倦的) consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc program is infinitely patient. Repetition of any videodisc lesson can continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a program. Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the University of Arizona, is that videodisc adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations.Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative(比喻的)language and higher-order language concepts. He believes that for special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners.62. The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with _.A genius students from day-care centers to collegesB students who are fond of computer video gamesC teachers of language in the University of ArizonaD students who are either mentally or physically disabled63. A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study difficulties because _.A its fancy design is very attractiveB it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudyC the content of it is healthy and promisingD it is developed by university professors64. According to Professor Healey, we may infer that mentally retarded children perhaps _.A need graphic representations in order to understand higher-order language conceptsB are good at studying English idioms but often fail to grasp higher-order language conceptsC are not very patient with videodisc which helps them to understand the world conceptsD tend to be deaf as well and have difficulty learning the simple concept before and after65. The best phrase that summarizes the main idea of the text is _.A handicapped students and their problemsB videodisc and special educationC computer assisted teaching programsD normal children and handicapped kids66. The word impairment (Line 2, Para. 1) probably means _.A habitB disabilityC misconceptionD beliefPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursing homes. They are left in the _67 _ of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their _68 _ children visit them only occasionally, but more often, they do not have any _69_ visitors. The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an _70 _ story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care _71 _ elderly people need. Samuel Preston, a sociologist, studied _72 _ the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the _73 _ American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. _74 _, because people today live longer after an illness than people did years _75 _, family members must provide long term care. More psychologists have found that all caregivers _76 _ a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best _77 _ for the job. In other words, they all felt that they _78 _ do the job better than anyone else. Social workers _79 _ caregivers to find out why they took _ 80 _ the responsibility of caring for an elderly relative. Many caregivers believed they had _81 _ to help their relative. Some stated that helping others _82 _ them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping _83_ now, they would deserve care when they became old and _84 _. Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a _85 _ satisfying experience for everyone who might be _86 _.67. A hands B arms C bodies D homes68. A growing B grown C grow D grows69. A constant B lasting C regular D normal70. A imaginary B imaginable C imaginative D imagery71. A that B this C those D these72. A when B how C what D where73. A common B ordinary C standard D average74. A Still B However C Moreover D Whereas75. A before B ago C later D lately76. A share B enjoy C divide D consent77. A person B people C character D man78. A would B will C could D can79. A questioned B interviewed C inquired D interrogate80. A in B up C on D off81. A admiration B initiative C necessity D obligation82. A cause B enable C make D get83. A someone B anyone C everyone D anybody84. A elderly B dependent C dependable D independent85. A similarly B differently C mutually D certainly86. A involved B excluded C included D consideredPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. _ (幸亏遇到一位好心的出租车司机), Amy arrived at the test room in time.88. _ (这是一个生死攸关的问题) and therefore we must pay more attention to it.89. The problem of internet crime _ (近些年来引起了广泛关注).90. The computer isnt working properly; _ (肯定有什么地方出了毛病).91. _ (应当注意的是) that pollution has become one of the thorniest problems in many big cities.2010年12月英语四级考试模拟试题(4)答案详解Part I WritingThe Importance of Keeping A Good MoodIn todays increasingly competitive world it is essential to maintain a positive attitude towards life. To put it in a metaphor, keeping a good mood is a foundation upon which our life is built.Keeping a good mood is important because it can help us solve various problems in life. The following two situations can enable us to clearly see how a positive attitude helps us cope with unpleasant things. Take English learning for example. In our effort to grasp English, mistakes are unavoidable. From one perspective mistakes are annoying, but a positive attitude can make us realize that only through making mistakes can a learner be expected to make progress. Sometimes one may come down with a serious cold, feeling depressed. But a change in attitude will enable us to look at the matter from a positive perspective. The illness may teach us the importance of health.As we can see, keeping a good mood can help us to deal with mistakes in the right way and find comfort in time of sorrow. Its importance cannot be denied.Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)1. Y 通读全文后，即可发现本文描写了新奥尔良被“卡特利娜”飓风袭击后的景象，可知题干表述正确。2. N 通读全文可知，开头几段(即小标题上的段落)都是总体讲新奥尔良受灾后的景象。本题题干信息讲了“卡特利娜”飓风带来的污染，属于此部分内容，定位后在第二段首句发现，飓风带来的污染不仅有石油、污水，还有有毒废弃物滤出的有害物质，题干信息不完整。3. Y 根据题干中的信息词Plaquemines Parish定位原文，在小标题Old Pollution Resurfacing下首段可找到答案，可知题干表述正确。4. Y 题干内容提到“不要接触污泥”，是讲自我保护的，推知答案在标题Protection Kits下。再根据题干中的信息词health and environmental agencies定位，在首段首句可找到答案，可知题干表述正确。5. N 题干中的protective kit提示答案在Protection Kits下。根据题干中的信息词The Southern Mutual Help Association和Oxfam America定位原文在第五段找到答案，原文用的give而非题干中的sell，可知题干表述错误。6. NG扫读文章可知，本文主要谈到受灾地区污染状况，并未提及新奥尔良地区的状况比较特殊。7. Y 根据题干中的信息词blooms of mold可知，此答案在标题Toxic Mold Blooms下，再用sprawling blooms of mold定位原文，在首段找到答案，可知题干表述正确。8. Vibrio infections。由题干的died from可知填空处可能要填某种真菌，因而推知答案在Toxic Mode Blooms下。在倒数第二段可找到答案。9. sick and injured。题干讲到受灾区的基本生活条件，已不涉及mold的内容，估计答案在Disaster Response Care下，用Katrina-struck定位原文，答案在第三段。10. natural disasters。最后一题一般涉及最后一个标题下的内容。根据题干中的信息词All of these conditions定位原文，在倒数第二段首句可找到答案。Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. B 信息明示题。男士问女士明晚能否和汤姆来吃饭，女士表示可以，还说他们本没有出行的安排，即女士同意了男士的邀请，故选B。12. B 综合推断题。男士说莫尼卡学英语句子学得快但忘得也快，由此推断，莫尼卡的英语不好，故选B。13. C 信息明示题。男士说他们用野餐篮带午饭，然后在河边用餐，故选C。14. C 综合推断题。男士说明年应该做点儿别的，由此可知，男士明年会去别的地方，故选C。15. B 综合推断题。女士说她让学生们做练习时，彼特坐在那儿看着窗外，言外之意是彼特上课不专心，故选B。16. B 综合推断题。由对话中的signal, car driving carelessly, speed以及男士和女士说话的语气可以推断，他们在为交通事故相互指责，所以B正确。17. D 综合推断题。女士说她姐姐(或妹妹)在马尼拉学服装设计，由此可知，女士的姐姐现在在菲律宾，故选D。本题要注意的是马尼拉是菲律宾的首都。18. A 信息明示题。女士说自己将和朋友去看电影，由此可知，A正确。Conversation One19. D 信息明示题。女士说，现在人们开始相信一种着装心理学，即支配人们穿什么衣服的不仅有个人品味，还有人们想通过衣服表达一些想法，这些想法可能自己都未曾意识到。故选D。20. A 信息明示题。由女士所说的probably feeling homesick和a general feeling of insecurity可知，A正确。21. D 综合推断题。女士认为善交际的人偏爱明亮、炫目的颜色，由此推断，害羞的人则偏爱灰暗的颜色，故选D。22. A 综合推断题。结合听力材料可知，女士很精通服装，男士则不断用引导话语向女士提问，由此推断，男士可能是记者而女士可能是服装设计师，故选A。Conversation Two23. A 综合推断题。女士觉得自己在历史课上所做的阐述非常糟糕，男士问她是否没有准备好，女士回答说自己在一群人面前讲话时总是感到尴尬和紧张，由此推断，女士的问题应该是在课上感到尴尬，故选A。24. B 综合推断题。女士问男士是否会在教授叫他回答问题时脸也变得非常红，男士借此建议女士别再想周围的人，而是看房间里其他的东西，例如说出口标志，由此推断，男士认为这样可以使女士不那么紧张，故选B。25. D 综合推断题。男士说小孩几乎不会脸红，而成人之中，女性可能比男士更容易脸红，由此推断，小孩与成人相比，很少脸红，故选D。Section BPassage One26. B 主旨题。文章开头便指出Rats are the enemy of human beings，再结合听力材料可知，文章绝大部分在讲老鼠带来的危害，故选B。27. D 信息明示题。文章提到The most terrible destruction caused by ratshas come from the diseases they carry，即老鼠带来最可怕的危害是它们传播疾病，故选D。28. B 信息明示题。本题的关键是文章中的one-third和Europe。文章虽然提到了India，但说的是老鼠给印度带来饥荒，故排除A，选B。Passage Two29. D 主旨题。文章开头指出a Japanese soldierhid deep in the jungles of Guam，再结合听力材料可知，全文内容都围绕该日本士兵展开，故选D;干扰项B提到的只是文章内容的一部分，应排除。30. C 信息明示题。文章提到，在横井庄一回来后，东京的一家商店展出了他在丛林中穿的衣服和使用的工具，引来350，000人参观，故选C。31. B 信息明示题。文章提到横井庄一呆在关岛上是因为he felt shame and dishonor after the war，故选B。Passage Three32. C 主旨题。文章提到Stradivarius小提琴非常独特，并指出Stradivarius制作小提琴的全过程连他的儿子也不清楚，最后还猜测了Stradivarius小提琴音调独特的原因，故选C。33. D 信息明示题。文章提到During his career he made over eleven hundred violins by hand，故选D。34. A 信息明示题。文章提到the secret of the Stradivarius violin died with its maker，再结合Stradivarius kept his notes safely hidden可知，Stradivarius小提琴的手工制作方法随着Stradivarius的去世而失传，故选A。35. C 综合推断题。文章最后猜测了Stradivarius小提琴音调独特的原因，但并没有提到有关制作步骤的内容，故选C。Section C36. issued37. current38. payments39. charged40. victim41. opened42. contain43. Corporation44. That company developed a way to represent credit risk with a number. The number is based on information gathered by credit reporting agencies.45. But lenders are not the only ones interested in these numbers.46. People with high scores can expect lower interest rates for loans. The idea is that the higher the score, the lower the risk.Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)Section A47. E 结合句意“当别人对你_时，你是否曾经不敢反驳?”在备选项的副词中，E(不公平地)最符合文章。48. C 结合句意“我们整个_的目的就是让人们怀疑自己”，再根据备选项中的名词释义，C最符合文章。且文章的下两句都是对这一system的解释。49. L 下文提到的These superiors即指空格所缺内容，故L正确。50. H 该空应填入动词原形。由上文提到的Many people are afraid to assert themselves和下文提到的assertiveness training courses可推知，H最符合文意。51. D 结合句意“他们(科学家)_自信训练课程”来看选项，D最符合文意。52. B 上文和空格所在句都提到通过学习课程能给人们带来很多益处，由此推测该空应填入一个含积极之意的形容词，故B(活跃的)符合文章。53. M 结合句意“在某种程度上，学会大声说出来的目的就是_恐惧心理”可知，M(战胜)最符合句意。54. G 结合句意“但AT采用一个更为强大的_，即互相分享的需要”来看选项，G(动机)最符合文意。55. A 结合常理和上文提到的If someone you face is moreimportantthan you, you may feel less of a person可推知，此时人很容易怀疑自我，故A符合文意。56. J 该空应填入名词，结构句意“你依照别人的_行事”和下文对此的否定可推知，J最符合文意。Section BPassage one57. A 细节题。由文章首句可知，在自然界中，猿与人最相似，故选A。58. C 细节题。