作文替换词汇(特别用于专四备考).docx

大一下期综英写作整理一、词与短语 最常用词替换： Thing - Stuff Issue 指正规的事（important thing） 具体化：change? Story? News? Phenomenon - Occurrence (事件，中性) （现象，带有贬义） Good - EnjoyableAdvantages -strengths Disadvantages- weaknessVery- much tooSuddenly-unexpectedly; abruptlyAttractive - inviting/tempting/irresistible Of - among E.g.: of the four heroes important - Matter it matters (much) to sb/what matters much is that. it is important for sb. to do sth. -What counts for sb. is that 重要的是. good at - Specialized in /skilled in /expert in be good for/beneficial for - Be favorable for the business of -the task of .的任务 all kinds of /sorts of sth. - of all kinds not necessarily 不一定，表达语气的委婉。 can, could, shall, must, might 等情态动词 - tend to; be more likely to increasing(ly) /increasing number of - more and more usually - more often than not as a result - It turned out that/to be Sth. is a rare/common occurrence 、是一个偶然/必然的现象 have the advantage of - enjoy advantage over 优于、 have the disadvantage of - suffer disadvantage 劣于、 during - in the course of 在.的过程中try ones best - make great (an/much) effort /exertion to do sth.Be responsible to do - Be committed to doing sth. 有责任或者义务做某事Be eager to /very want to - be desperate to do sth. 极度渴望做某事 couldnt wait to do sthBe the only one to sb - be peculiar to sb. 对某人而言。是独一无二的 on surface - seeminglybe enough / be many - be more than adequate 绰绰有余be replaced by - give way toits difficult for sb to do sth- sb be stuck for doing sthsth make one think - sth/sb keep one thought onpoor area- under-developed pockets of the countryin order to do sth- so as to do sthbe interested in-take to Adv.+adj.的用法：(定性副词加形容词)代替 very + adj. e.g. seemingly different basically important physically healthy environmentally beneficial worldly famous scientifically advanced bring sb. to tears(写影评时) bring sb. to attention(写社会热点)：sth. bring the public to attention 描述原因的介词： Because - from/for/with/out of/for the simplest reason that E.g.: for the sake of 为了 用于作文中表达最后一个观点： In addition Additionally BesidesAnother 善用模糊词 E.g.: partly form have the expression of - wear an expression of .的表情As it were, 也就是说 二、句型 举例说明： for example - Say,. /.,say,. / such as. 列举并列的句子用语： And., as well / as well as /A, B, and C as well 插入语: .,say,. .,however,. .therefore,. .,moreover,. *,不能连接两个句子 句型替换： 在when, if 从句中，如果主句和从句的主语一致，且有be动词，则把从句主语省略，同时谓语表位ing形式 当两个句子的主语相同或有一定关联时，试着把其中一个句子变为非谓语的形式。 Eg: She had a son who was handicapped and needed her care. So she often had to ask for leave because of him. But gradually she encouraged him to learn a useful trade.换后的句子：With a son who was handicapped and needed her care, she often had to ask for 描述模式的改变： I see sth - Sth. come into my view I couldnt sleep - sleep had gone I want to say - sth. spring to my lips /I think of sth - sth. surge into my mindWe begin to know - Sth. put sb. in touch withSth. be exposed to sb.Sb. get access to doing sth.I agree with sb.- I agree with sb, saying that (不要只会表达观点，学会细化) sb dont know - Sb. has the faintest idea 丝毫不知道sth become worse and worse - sth snowball into the trouble 其它句型：It is something more than a 后跟对事件定性的名词：failure, success, change, reformIt is not surprisingly to say 。并不惊讶(肯定某个观点) It means that. / it refers to. / it is described that./it is characterized by. The hour /month /moment /year. 引导时间状语从句 因果句先写结果后引出原因，because最好不用在句子的开头There are three factors accounting for my perspective.Sth. give sb. a thought-provoking question. 某事提出了一个引人深思的问题责任/负担/任务等落在某人身上：rest on sb.The responsibility for the education of children rests on the parents as well as schools.用于提出建议、解决问题、谈谈未来发展的方向seek to do sth. 致力于/力图于三、话题词汇人物外表 Build: stocky壮 slim纤细 skinny瘦骨嶙峋 plump well-built结实 of average build thin瘦削 Face： round oval鹅蛋脸 square with wrinkles带皱纹 Complexion肤色：fair白 dark rosy cheeks白里透红 pale sun-tanned小麦色 Facial feature：high cheek-bond flat/pointed nose high /narrow forehead bushy eyebrows Hair: ponytail马尾 fringe刘海 side-parting偏分 Cloth： v/round-neck pullover 套头 jerseys紧身毛衣 Style: casual shabby邋遢 neat and tidy人物身份：household names家喻户晓的名人revolutionary martyrs 革命烈士 great statesmen 政治家influential politician 政客corrupt official 腐败官员preschool kids学龄前儿童city resident 城市居民地界表达：farmhouse restaurant 农家乐 Roaring thoroughfare 喧闹的大街 field of letters 文学界intellectual circles 知识界human community 人类社会densely-populated area 人口密集区heavy flow of traffic 车流量大flow of cars and buses 车水马龙densely-populated area 人口密集区metropolitan city 大都市the city of form and rules 布局合理、井然有序的城市 urban life 城镇生活 rural area 农村地区家庭和人际：devoted, loving son 孝敬的儿子；parental advice 父母的教诲devoted friends 挚友well-connected 人脉广泛综英教材写作词汇整理第二部一 词的替换：(按字母顺序)according to. in proportion to根据advantage- virtue- /beauty/strength at once. promptlybad. bringto ruineg: bring years of my efforts to ruins. 把我多年的努力化为了泡影become, change into.develop into演变成为（带有过程）be popular -catch onchallenging-difficult 有时候因为只要是困难的就可以说是有挑战性的consider -deemcontinuous-in an endless streamconvenient with a conveniencedifferent kinds of .a variety ofdisappear fade awaydisobey-violate(违背)dissatisfied -discontented-especially.in particularforever eternalfrom time to time -occasionallygreat -considerable group communityhave(表拥有时).possesshave an effect on.have a definite influence on sb / exert (adj.) influence onhabit(n.)-habitual(adj.)/customaryhave bad effect on.work invisible harm onhelp -assistancehowever用于开头.nevertheless, on the other hand, in contrast, while, whereas, impossible.there is no question of (sb ) doing sth不可能做，再也不会有in any situation.on any accountin this situation.in this case, on this account/this state of affairsit doesnt mean thatit is not ones contention thatlearn acquirelook high upon- prize/ valuelook down upon.be indifferent to 对漠然，ones indifference to underestimate/undervalue低估lonely-solitarymake sure .see to it that meaningless-futile无用的modern/ real life, modern/real society-affluent life/society现代生活more and more. growing, increasingly, obviously -transparently- 显然的most of the time-through much of the yearoften, mostly. for the most partpartly.in partplantsvegetation植被pollution -contaminationpoor families low-income familiesquickly, easilywith a speed and easeremember-commit sth. to memory have a clear memory of sth second/ third . another (way/measure/factor/point) is thatserious - acute, harshsituation.the state of affairs形势，状况, occasion, so that . so/suchas to 如此以至于so that -such thattake action immediately.take a prompt/an immediate actionthankbe grateful for, be appreciatetry to endeavor to, make attempt/effort to， intend touse- employvery. much too, far too, unquestionably, definitely, absolutely, exceptionally, fundamentally, basically, utterly, thoroughly, totally, significantlyvery+负面形容词.be sick withunutterably难以言表的(公认的万能词)understand - make ofuselessfutile, invalidwant to. by choice自愿, out of choice, deliberately, by design, intend towill do.be likely to, be able to, be more likely toworse and worsedeteriorate(用于身体、世态、形势、环境等恶化)(名词形式:deterioration) 或者catch up in an endless spiral陷入死循环表示生气的n. 表示生气的adj. Indignation-indignant Anger- -angry Fury-furious Wrath Rage(-raging/rageful)二、句型替换When. -in the event of(但是后面只能跟名词)Generally - in its broad sense (从广义上说)Be important - be given equal weight Sth is over- sth is brought to a closeSth is dangerous - sb takes the risk of doing.sth is useful. There was some point to 某东西有用It doesnt mean that- It is not ones contention that我并不是说1、表达对某个背景的回忆，可用于开头做引子：It has ever occurred to people that/ It has ever dawned on sb that 曾想过，曾发生过2、表达记得什么：I have clear memories of表某物曾出现过现在还记得：survive in ones mind3、结论性总结句：This is what sth is really about这就是的所在4、用于结尾预示坏结果：sound the alarm敲响警钟5、用于励志文章：model for 为做（好）榜样6、描述新技术、新思想、个人成长成熟等有发展过程的，用于结尾表展望：It takes (time) to do7、表达某东西很重要：be at the heart of 是的核心8、情绪低落和高涨的表达：feel low/ high emotionally, feel down, feel distressed, feel depressed, be in blue9、将people 具体化：peers(同龄人) , the public(大众), the common people(普通人), the+ adj.等11、适用于政治上：lay an exclusive claim to 拥有，对有主权13、承上启下句：Opinions among us are divided.Opinions (to) are divided.Opinions vary greatly (from person to person)This is not true - this is seldom the case, however.14、sth replace B-sth give way to B16、all people agree. this is a consensus16、The road tois paved with 通往的道路是由 铺成的There has been a growing concern over.-开头现象句三、话题词汇就业话题：governmental position公务员，get re-employed再就业，laid-off workers下岗工人社会话题：area of poverty 贫穷地区，poverty-striken area特别贫穷地区narrow the gap between rich and poor缩小贫富差距， low carbon life低碳生活，ethical values 道德体系private property tax/personal income tax 个人所得税extended family 大家庭aging 老龄化：表现：reduction of death rate; decrease of birth rate政策：one-child policy/ birth control policy/ family planning policythe burden for the working labor 劳动人口负担fundamental construction 基础建设the system of medical guarantee 医疗保障制度medical insurance 医保social assistance aid 社会救助处理原则：sustainable development 可持续发展Apartheid 种族歧视Segregation 种族隔离时间表达：years ago 几年前 three decades ago 几十年前 模糊年代表达法stretch up from time long gone 从古到今In the early of； at the end of; in the latter half of 的后半叶 环境污染：alarmist 危言耸听者at the expense of 以为代价sustainable grows 可持续的far-sighted 远见give us a timely alarming 给我们一个及时的警告 噪音的危害：hearing less lack of sleep irritability(烦躁) heartburn(心慌) indigestion (消化不良) high blood pressure heart disease deforestation 森林破坏Acid rain 酸雨desert vacation 沙漠化soil acidification 土壤酸化-edaphonoverfish 过渡渔猎从无到有开始Begin, start, begin with, spring, start up, set off on, break out, strike up, originate from,;Initiate, launch, originate, sprout; unfold; unleashoutset, onset,Rudimentary, elementary,出现Appear, appear to be, emerge, arise, loom, turn out, show up, com out, come into sight/view, come forth发生Happen, occur, take place, come about,Happening occurrence产生,创造create, produce, bring about, yield, give birth to, bear, bring into being, generate, beget，germinate;Invent, innovate, renovate, plan, design, imagine, conceive, devise, formulate, imagine, envision,建立Found, set, built up, construct, institute, constitute, set up, establish制造,组成Make, make up, produce, construct, turn out, manufacture, form, shape, compose, compile, concoct, fabricate生长壮大复制,繁殖58Copy, duplicate, reproduce, multiply.发育，发展Grow, develop, breed, bring up, nurture, cultivate, hone, raise, foster, (主动)Develop, advance, progress, move forward, go forward, proceed（自我成长）Burgeon, flourish, thrive, bloom, blossom, boom, prosper;保持，延续Continue, last, carry on, keep on, keep, remain maintain retainPerpetuate,Persevere, stick with, insist on, persist in,Continuous, incessant, permanent, constant, steady, unbroken, perpetual, everlasting, eternal, lasting, unending, uninterrupted, undying, immortal, invariable,存在,生存Exist， found, stand, lay in, be rooted in，be embedded in,Substance, matter, object, material, stuff, things, entity,individual, creature, beings,Topic, subject, issue, theme, gist, item, content, point,Extant, existing, in existence, substantive, ubiquitous, omnipresent, universal,survive，outlive，outlast, remain alive，Endure, undergo,从有到无结束，停止53stop，finish, be over, cease, discontinue, wind up, bring to an end(close, halt), end，come to an end, end up, terminate，quench，quell，run out, expire, concludeadjourn/dissolve/lull/subvert,abortaive,Surcease, cessation,impasse, deadlock, logjam, stalemate,Ultimate, final, eventual,Abeyance, suspend, interruption, brake, halt, pause,死亡,毁灭Perish, annihilate, kill, exterminate, take life, slay, hatchet, slaughter, assassinate, famish, smother, throttle, strangle, stifle, decimate,Die, pass away, perish, expire, run out,decease, death, demise, Defunct, moribund, dying,Fatal, formidable, deadly, fatality.取消,废除550Cancel, annul,call off, do away with,Abolish, desuetude, disuse, abandon, repeal, revoke, invalidate, rescind, nullifyObsolete, out of date, outmoded, out of fashion, old-fashioned,除去551Remove，erase，delete, extinguish, exterminate, eliminate, eradicate, extirpate, efface，clear away, throw away, do away with, wipe out, get rid of , rule out,Obliterate, expurgate, expunge, purify, purge,破坏Destroy, damage, wreck, devastate, raze, ravage, knock down, demolish, vandalize, tear down, ruin, spoil, dilapidate,Perdition，detrimental，harmful, injurious,topple down/inclement/伤害Damage Bruise, mar, maul, do harm to, injure, wound, hurt, impair, harm, hurt, wound, harm, break, fracture, maim, cripple, mangle, mutilate;cut, gash, fracture, break灾祸Disaster, catastrophic, calamity, cataclysm, carnage, massacre, holocaust, decimate, wreck, accident,Misfortune, hapless, mishap,逐渐消亡Rot way, perish, decay, disintegrate, decompose, deteriorate, molder, aggravate, worsen, exacerbate, corrupt,Rotten, decayed, corrupt, damaged;decrepit ,decrepitude, dilapidate状态之改变正面能力，强，权力Enable, facilitate, empower, entitle, enhance,Strengthen, reinforce, sustain, countenance, consolidate,Able, be capable of doing , competent, potent, omnipotent, puissant, resourcefulAbility, capability, capacity, skill, forte，competence, facultyIntelligence, aptitude, flair, talentClever, bright, talented, astute, wisdom, wise, smart, acumen,Hegemony, puissance, resource, power, energy, authority, influence, impact, supremacy, potency, strength, force, vigor;大Aggrandize, amplify, augment, broaden, widen, extend, enlarge, magnify, enlarge,Exaggerate, overstate, overstress, overemphasize,多,增加Enrich, increase, add to, abound, fill, fill up, replenish, stock up, add, put in, raise,Accrue, mount up, augment, accumulate, riseAbundant, plentiful, more than enough, profuse, copious, rich, wealthy, generous, numerous, in great numbers;sufficient, enough, adequate, ample, as much as necessary,Increment, accretion, growth, augmentation,高Raise, lift up, improve, enhance, elevate, escalate, heave, heighten, hoist,Rise, increase, ascend, mount, go up, climb scale, jack up, skyrocket, surge, upsurgeHigh, tall, in height, lofty, towering, lanky;Height, stature, elevation, altitude有助Help, assist, aid, subsidize, help to, conduce to, contribute to, function to, be of assistance, lend a hand, facilitate, enhance,Helper, aide, assistant, accessory, ancillary, accomplice, auspices,支持Support, bolster, boost, brace, buttress, espouse, proponent, underpin, embrace, exponent,快216Accelerate, hasten, speed up, quicken up, expediteRun, scurry, scuttle, scamper, prance, gallop, sprint, scud, Dart, fleet, rush,Fast, quick, rapid, swift, expeditious, speedy, fleeting, briskSpeed, swiftness, pace, velocity, rapidity, tempo, rate, quickness, promptness,有效,起作用Effective, efficient, effectual, successful, useful, helpful, functional, applicable, operative, working, active, functioning, in operation, in use,Available, serviceable,Impact, influence,自由，解脱Release, free, set free, set off, liberate, unshackle, unfetter, emancipate, manumit, disentangle, untangle, extricate, unravel,中性变Change, alter, modify, vary, turn, become, adjust, amend, transform, distort, modulate, transmute, shift, transfigure,Fluctuate, move, revolutionize, alternate, shiftDiversified, volatile, fickle, mercurial, protean, erratic, eccentric, irregular, inconsistent,Changeable, unsettled, variable, malleable, mutable,Change, alteration, variati