中考英语高频词汇详解.doc

中考英语高频词汇详解（36）hope n. & v. 希望；期望；近义词辨析：hope和 wish1. hope (that) 指与过去，现在或未来有关的希望 例如：I hope you are ready.我希望你已经准备好了。We hope you are happy. 我们希望你幸福。wish (that) 表达的是过去，现在或将来发生了令人遗憾的事。 例如：I wish I could speak Chinese.我要是会说汉语该多好啊。2. hope to do和 wish (sb.) to do 此时两者意思较为接近。She hopes to have a job overseas.她希望找个海外的工作。意为她有此强烈的愿望并极有可能实现）She wished to have a job overseas.她盼望找个海外工作。（是表达她有此愿望的郑重说法）horse n. 马；马科动物hospital n. 医院短语：go to hospital 去医院Im going to hospital to visit my friend.我要去医院看望我的朋友。in the hospital 在医院 He works in the hospital. 他在医院工作。in hospital 有病住院 Ive never been in hospital.我从未住过医院。host n. 主人；主持人；主办人员例如：Mr. and Mrs. Hill are such good host. 希尔先生和夫人招待客人真周到。The host on tonights show is Liyong. 今晚表演节目的主持人是李咏。v. 主办；主持例如：Which country is hosting the Games this year? 今年的运动会由哪国主办？Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics. 北京将主办2008年奥运会。hot adj.（-tter, -ttest）热的；烫的hotdog n.热狗面包hotel n.旅馆；旅店 staying at/ in a hotel 住旅馆hour n. 小时；时间 an hour 一小时例如：The film starts at 7:30 and lasts two hours. 影片7：30分开演，演两个小时。中考英语高频词汇详解（35）holiday n.假日；节日短语：on holiday 在休假例如：He is on holiday this week. 他本周休息。home n. & adv. 家；固定住处例如：He left home at sixteen. 他十六岁是离开了家。Is there anybody at home? 有人在家吗？Make yourself at home! 不要拘束！homeless adj. 无家的；无家可归的例如： He gave all his money to the homeless. 他把所有的钱都给了无家可归的人。homeland n. 祖国； 故乡home-made adj. 自制的； 家里做的例如：Home-made jam is usually better than the kinds you buy in the shops.自制的果酱通常要比从商店里买的好吃。homesick adj.想家的；思念家乡的;例如：He was homesick for France. 他思念祖国法国。hometown n. 家乡；故乡homework n.家庭作业；准备工作例如： My little brother is doing his homework.我弟弟在做作业。homophone n. 同音异形异意词honest adj.正当的；诚实的 an honest businessman 可靠的商人短语：to be honest 说实话To be honest, I dont think we have a chance of winning.说实话，我们没有获胜的可能。反义词：dishonesthoney n. 蜂蜜honour ( US honor) n. & v.崇敬；名誉It is a great honour to be invited. 承蒙邀请，十分荣幸。hoop n. （木头，金属等做的）箍，圈，环中考英语高频词汇详解（34）helpful adj.有用的；有益的 a helpful person 有用的人her pron.她here adv.在这里；到这里here and there 在各地；各处hero n.（pl. es）英雄；勇士herself pron. 她自已hide (hid, hidden) v.把藏起来例如：The sun was hidden by the clouds. 太阳被云遮住了。high adj.高的；特定高度的hill n.小山；土堆例如：The house is on the side of a hill. 那所房子坐落在山坡上。him pron. 他himself pron.他自已his pron.他的historical adj. 历史上的; 历史题材的 historical research 历史研究history n. 历史学；历史hit (hit, hit ) v.击；投掷；She hit me on his head with a book. 她用书打我的头。I was hit by a falling stone. 我被落下的石头击中了。n. 成功而轰动一时的事物（如歌曲等）hit song, records 流行歌曲，歌曲唱片Her new film is quite a hit. 她的新影片十分成功。hoax n. 骗局；恶作剧；戏弄；玩笑hobby n.业余爱好；癖好hold (held, held) v.握住；抓紧; 拿着；容纳；短语 :hold on 等一下；停住；坚持例如： Hold on a minute while I get my breath back. 停一停，让我喘口气。They tried to hold on until help arrived. 他们设法坚持住直到有救援到来。Hold on to your dream.坚持你的梦想。hole n.洞；穴中考英语高频词汇详解（33近义词辨析：have / there be 都是“有”的意思，区别是：there be 指“某处存有”，例如：There is a map on the wall.墙上有一幅地图。而have指“所有，拥有”例如：I have a brother and a sister.我有一个弟弟一个妹妹。v. 从事；进行；吃；喝 例如：have a swim, walk, ride, etc. 游泳，散步，骑马have a wash, rest, talk 洗一洗，歇一歇，谈一谈have breakfast/ lunch/ dinner 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭Let me have a try. 让我试一下。She usually has a bath in the morning. 她早上通常要洗个澡。I usually have a sandwich for lunch. 我午饭是通常吃块三明治。We have coffee at 11. 我们11点钟喝咖啡。Hawaii n. （美国州名）夏威夷he pron.他；它head n.头部；才能例如：My head aches.我头痛。Use your head.动动脑筋。headache n.头痛 have a headache 头痛headmaster n. （中小学的）校长headphone n. 耳机 a pair of headphones 一副耳机head teacher n. 班主任health n.健康；健康状况be in good health= be healthy 身体健康He is healthy. / He is in good health. 他很健康。Exercise is good for the health. 锻炼身体有益于身体健康。healthy (-ier,-iest) adj. 健康的 a healthy child 健康的孩子hear (heard, heard) v.听见；听取；短语 :1. hear about/ of 听说: 例如：Ive ever heard of someone doing that.我曾经听说过有人做那种事。 2. hear from 接到来信。例如：I often hear my old friends. 我经常收到老朋友的来信。近义词辨析：listen to / hear / sound1. listen 强调动作，意思 是“听”，不侧重于结果。例如：They are listening to the radio.他们正在听收音机。2. hear 强调结果，意思是“听见”，例如：I listened carefully but heard nothing.我仔细听，却没听到什么。3. sound 是连系动词，意思是“听起来，听上去”，后面接名词、形容词。例如：The news sounds great.这消息听起来很棒。中考英语高频词汇详解（32）happen v. 发生；出现短语：1. sb. happen to sth. 某人发生某事 例如：If anything happens to him, let me know. 如果他有什么不测，就通知我。2. sth. happen to sb. 碰巧；恰巧；恰好 例如：She happened to be out when he called. 他打电话是，她恰好不在家。词义辨析：happen/ take placehappen 指偶然发生的或未经筹划的。 例如：The accident happened at about 9:30. 事故发生在9点30分左右。take place 表示必然性的“发生”或者是计划安排好“举行”。例如：Great changes have taken place in my home town recently. 最近我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。happy adj. 愉快的；满足的；快乐的；幸福的hard adj. & adv. 坚硬的；结实的；困难的；艰难的；努力地；费劲地hard-working adj. 勤勉的；努力工作的，尽心尽力的hardly adv. 几乎不词义辨析：hard /hardly这两个词都是副词，但意思和用法截然不同。hard 是“努力、猛烈、困难”的意思，而hardly 是“几乎不、简直不”的意思，是否定词。例如：We should work hard to pass the eaxm.我们应该努力学习，通过考试。They could hardly believe the news, could they? 他们几乎不敢相信这个消息，不是吗？hat n.帽子；职务hate v. & n.仇恨；憎恨have ( has, had, had) v有；拥有.短语：1.had better (do) 最好（做）You had better get up early. 你最好早点起床。Youd better not smoke here.你最好不要在这吸烟。2have a cold 患感冒3. have a good time 玩得很痛快。例如：We had a good time in the park yesterday. 我们昨天在公园里玩得很愉快。4have classes 上课5. have on 穿着 例如：He has a black coat on today. 今天他穿着一件黑色的上衣。6.have a try 尝试，努力 例如：Have a try again and then you can get it . 再试一次你就能得到它。7. have no idea 不知道 例如：I have no idea about the accident happened at the street corner. 我对发生在街道拐角处的事故一无所知。8. have to 不得不，必须 have got to 不得不；必须中考英语高Hhabit n.习性；习惯短语：be in/ fall into/ get into/ the habit of doing sth. 有（养成）做某事的习惯例如：He is not in the habit of drinking a lot. 他不习惯于多喝酒。Ive got into the habit of turning on the TV as soon as I get home. 我已养成了一到家就打开电视的习惯。habitat n. （动植物的）自然环境；栖息地 例如：The creatures habitat is the jungle. 这种动物的栖息地是丛林。hair n.毛发；茸毛hair band 发带hair clip发卡haircut n. 理发；发型