高三英语复习专题——动词与动词短语.doc

高考英语复习动词和动词短语（一）知识重点归纳并记忆常见动词短语搭配和意义。（二）知识呈现短语动词通常以动词为中心，通常由动词加副词或介词构成。英语中大量短语动词难以从字面意义上来判定其释义，很多时候应根据具体语境判断它们的意义。有的短语动词相当于及物动词，有的则相当于不及物动词。1.短语动词的构成 （1）动词+副词 clear away清除掉 put away收起 die away消失 call back回电话look back回顾 walk back走回break down坏了calm down平静下来 get down咽下come up上来 blow up爆炸 turn up出现show off炫耀 give off散发 take off脱下break out发生 blow out吹灭 run out 用完 （2）动词+介词bring about引起 look about 环顾四周 seek for寻找burst into 闯入 turn into使变成 look into调查 see to 处理 devote to贡献给 deal with处理glance at匆匆一瞥 work at干 aim at向瞄准differ from与不同 result from由于 insist on坚持rely on依靠 bring in引进 hope for希望得到combine with联合 lead to导致，通向 set about着手 (3) 动词+副词+介词 add up to总计 keep away from不靠近 look down on轻视keep up with赶上 make up for弥补 get on with相处get close to接近 get out of逃避,避免 do away with废除do well in在干得好 put up with忍受catch up with赶上look up to 仰望,尊敬 run out of用完 look forward togo on with 继续 get down to认真开始 break away from2.短语动词使用时须注意的几点(1) 在短语动词中,副词可以放在动词宾语前或后。但是如果宾语是代词，则应放在动词和副词之间。如： The young lovers have been trying to put some money aside for their marriage ceremony. 年轻的恋人一直努力存钱以备举行婚礼时用。 He has put aside a little money for a rainy day. 他积蓄了一点钱以备不时之需。 When you do not understand a new word,you can look it up in this dictionary. 当你不理解新单词的时候，你可以查字典。This method is very new and you can try it out to solve the hard problem. 这种方法相当新，你可以试着用它去解决那个难题。（2）在带有介词的短语动词中，介词的宾语总是紧随其后的。We have brought in a good harvest for three years . 我们已经连续三年获得了丰收。Weve just come across an old friend we havent seen for ages. 我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。Please keep away from the scene of the accident before the police come. 在警察来之前，请勿靠近事故现场。The manager expects everyone to get down to his work after the national holidays. 经理要求大家国庆假期之后开始专心工作。（3）有些短语动词后并不需要跟宾语，这时他们相当于不及物动词。如：Mr Wangs new car broke down and he had to go to work by bike again. 王先生的新汽车坏了，他不得不又骑自行车去上班。The crowd broke up after the football games. 足球比赛结束后，人们四处散开。（4）同一动词，后面跟不同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语动词。如：break down坏了；跨了break up拆散；解体；驱散break in闯入；插话 break off忽然停止讲话；断绝break out爆发；逃出break through冲破；突破；战胜不同的动词，后面跟上相同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语。make up组成；构成；弥补；编造；化装show up带上楼；出席；露面；揭露hold up举起来；阻塞；耽搁；抑制感情set up创立；建立；树立；资助put up提出；举起；建造take up拿起；举起；开始（某）活动（5）一些短语动词，具有多种释义，需要根据全句语境对他们作出恰当理解。如：Hurry up,children!The plane will take off very soon. (起飞)After entering the room,he took off his coat . (脱下)The boss told him that he would take two weeks off in November. （休假） The woman broke down when someone told her that her mother was dead. (崩溃)Interrupted by hankers,the computer system of that company has broken down. (瘫痪)Negotiations(谈判) between the boss and workers have broken down(失败）3.常见短语举例： answer for 对负责 go without 没有也行agree with 同意（某人）hand in交上来agree to同意（建议） have nothing to do with与无关agree on 达成一致have sth. to do with与有关aim at瞄准 head for朝去ask for请求helpwith帮助某人某事belong to属于hope for希望得到burst into突然起来introduce to. . 把介绍begin with以开始 inspirewith以激励base on根据insist on坚持consist of由组成 interfere with妨碍congratulate on祝贺join sb. in加入某人一起come to an end结束knock at敲（门等）compare to把比作 long for渴望comparewith同相比 look up查阅，向上看care for喜欢，照顾look on/oponas把看作change for用交换 learn by heart背会clear up放晴leave for动身区去come across偶然遇到lie in在于call up打电话live on靠生活，以为主食call for 要求，需要look through翻阅，浏览call on 拜访（人），号召 mix with同混合call at拜访（地）presentwith赠送cure of治愈persist in坚持depend on依靠 putinto practice实施devote to把用于 reply to答复engage in从事rely on依靠end with以结束 recover from恢复get on/off上/下车rob of抢走get on/along进展run over碾过去get ready for准备好 result from/in由引起；导致get in收获remember sb. to带问好grow up长大set about doing着手做give in让步，投降succeed in 成功go all out竭尽全力speak of说到go through通过share in分担go over复习share sth. with sb. 与某人共同使用（三）高考真题1. (07全国I)“Goodbye, then,” she said, without even _ from her book. A. looking down B. looking up C. looking away D. looking on 2. (07全国II)I have _ all my papers but I still cant find my notes. A. looked throughB. looked for C.looked after D.looked out3. (07山东)Its the sort of work that _ a high level of concentration. A. calls for B. makes up C. lies in D. stands for 4. ( 07安徽) Didnt you have a good time at the party? Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to _so quickly. A. go by B. go away C. go out D. go over5.(07福建)The news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit was_on the radio yesterday. A. turned outB. found out C. given outD. carried out6. ( 07湖北) If the firms failed to make enough money, they would . A. close down B. call off C. turn down D. set off7.(07湖北)If we can our present difficulties, then everything should be all right. A. come across B. get over C. come overD. get off8.(07江苏) Have you _ some new ideas? Yeah. Ill tell you later. A.come aboutB.come intoC.come up with D.come out with9.(07江苏)Do you think that housing price will keep _ in the years to come? Sorry, I have no idea. A.lifting upB.going up C.bringing up D.growing up10.(07陕西) We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didnt quite . A. find out B. give outC. hand out D. work out11.(07四川)It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _ my friend. A.turn out B.bring out C.call out D.pick out12.(07天津)Hardly could he _ this amount of work in such a short time. A.get through B.get off C.get into D.get down13.(07浙江) We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only _ violence. A.runs into B.comes from C.leads to D.begins with 14.(07浙江) Would you please _ this form for me to see if Ive filled it in right? A.take off B.look after C.give up D.go over15.(07重庆) Shes having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesnt know whom to _. A.turn to B.look for C.deal with D.talk about16.( 07辽宁) Dont be _ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly. A.taken off B.taken out C.taken away D.taken in17.(07全国I) Does this meal cost $50? I _ something far better than this! A.prefer B.expect C.suggest D.suppose 18. (07全国II)Why dont you just _ your own business and leave me alone?A.makeB.openC.considerD.mind 19. (07天津)Lucy has _ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university. A.acquired B.finished C.concluded D.achieved 20.(07湖北) Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help. A.growB.appearC.becomeD.stay21.(07湖北) Surely it doesnt matter where the student associations get their money from;what _ is what they do with it. A.countsB.appliesC.stressesD.functions 22.(07四川) Mum _ to us，“Be quiet! Your little sisters sleeping. ” A.whispered B.shouted C.explained D.replied23.(07浙江) - Look! Hes running so fast! - Hard to _ his legs were once broken. A.know B.imagine C.realize D.find 24.(07江西)Dont take too much of the medicine; it does you more harm than good if you . A.do B.take C.like D.have 25.(07山东) In this seaside resort, you can_ all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism. A.enjoy B.apply C.receive D.achieve 26.(07上海) At minus 130, a living cell can be _ for a thousand years. A.sparedB.protectedC.preservedD.developed 27.(06江苏) -Are you going to have a holiday this year? -Id love to. I cant wait to leave this place_. A.off B.out C.behind D.over28.(06全国)We _the last bus and didnt have any money for taxi, so we had to walk home. A.reached B.lost C.missed D.caught29.(06全国)Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but her parents didnt _her to do so. A.forbid B.allow C.follow D.ask30.(06天津) We want to rent a bus which can_40 people for our trip to Beijing. A.load B.hold C.fill D.support31.(06辽宁)The computer system_suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. A.broke down B.broke out C.broke up D.broke in32.(06浙江)Were trying to ring you back, Bryan, but we think we_your number incorrectly. A.looked up B.took down C.worked out D.brought about33.(06上海)Seans strong love for his country is_ in his recently published poems. A.relieved B.reflected C.responded D.recovered34.(06福建)She _Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely. A.picked out B.made out C.made up D.picked up35.(06湖北) One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to_healthy eating habits. A.grow B.develop C.increase D. raise36.(06湖北) Its already 10 oclock.I wonder how it_that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A.came over B.came out C.came about D.came up37.(06湖北)The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now _the matter. A.seeing through B.working out C.looking into D.watching over38.(06湖北) As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _scenes of my childhood. A.called up B.called for C.called on D.called in39.(06湖北) Although the wind has_, the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat. A.turned up B.gone back C.died down D.blown out40.(06广东) The traffic lights_green and I pulled away. A.came B.grew C.got D.went41.(06广东) I was still sleeping when the fire_, and then it spread quickly. A.broke out B.put out C.came out D.got out42.(06重庆) -How are you managing to do you work without an assistant? -Well, I_somehow. A.get along B.come on C.watch out D.set off43.(06重庆)-Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Dont you forget it! -OK, I_. A.wont B.dont C.will D.do44.(06山东) Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to_a good researcher. A.make B.turn C.get D.grow45.(06山东)After he retired from office, Rogers_painting for a while, but soon lost interest. A.took up B.saved up C.kept up D.drew up46.(08全国I)The performance_nearly three hours, but few people left the theatre early.A. covered B. reached C. played D. lasted47.(08全国II) Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it _.A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved48.(08上海春) The story of the homeless orphan has _ sympathy from the public. A. aroused B. attracted C. defended D. adopted49.(08天津)Her shoes _ her dress; they look very well together. A. suit B. fit C. compare D. match50.(08辽宁)You have to be a fairly good speaker to _ listeners interest for over an hour.A. hold B. make C. improve D. receive 51.(08山东)The fact that she never apologized _ a lot about what kind of person she is.A. saysB. talks C. appears D. declares52.(08江西)I _ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.A. make B. look C. take D. think53.(08安徽) -Are you happy with your new computer? - No, it is _ me a lot of trouble. A. showing B. leaving C. giving D. sparing54(08湖北)Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still_the traditional customs. A. perform B. possess C. observe D. support55.(08湖北)As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to _ the problem. A. handleB. raise C. face D. present56.(08全国I) After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _ her job as a doctor in the countryside.A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up57.(08全国II) What are you reading, Tom?- Im not really reading, just _ the pages.A. turning off B. turning around C. turning over D. turning up 58.(08天津)The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to_their discussion. A. put away B. take down C. look over D. carry on59.(08山东)Einstein liked Boses paper so much that he_ his own work and translated it into German. A. gave offB. turned downC. took over D. set aside60.(08江苏)Is Peter there?_, please. Ill see if I can find him for you.A. Hold up B. Hold on C. Hold out D. Hold off61.(08江苏) Im still working on my project.Oh, youll miss the deadline. Time is _.A. running out B. going out C. giving outD. losing out62.(08江西)If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him _ during the day.A. away B. up C. in D. back63.(08安徽)Dont be so discouraged. If you_such feelings, you will do better next time. A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away64.(08浙江)American Indian _ about five percent of the U.S. population.A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up65.(08湖北)The teacher stressed again that the students should not _ any important details while retelling the story. A. bring out B. let out C. leave out D. make out66.(08湖北)In modern times, people have to learn to _ all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life. A. keep with B. stay with C. meet with D. live with67.(08湖北)The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to _ its reality. A. make upB. figure out C. look through D. put off68.(08陕西)Its going to rain. Xiao Feng, Will you please help me the clothes on the line? A.get off B. get back C. get in D. get on69.(08四川)I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we_ fine. A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along70.(08福建) _ a moment and I will go to your rescue. A. Go on B. Hold on C. Move to D. Carry on 71.(09福建)We are at your service. Dont to turn to us if you have any further problems. A. beg B. hesitate C. desire D. seek 72.（09江西）It is reported that the police will soon _ the case of two missing children. A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out 73.（09山东）Amy joined a painting group but didnt seem to _, so she left.A. show off B. go up C. fit in D. come over74.（09陕西）A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time . A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up 75.（09浙江卷16）Practising Chinese kung fu can not only ones strength, but also develop ones character.A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up76.（09天津）- Sorry, I have to _ now. Its time for class. - OK, Ill call back later. A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up77.（09全国I）I tried phoning her office, but I couldnt . A. get along B. get onC. get to D. get through78.（09福建卷）The Somali robbed frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to all nations to take immediate action. A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on 79. （09湖北）The loss has not yet been accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.A. calculated B. considered C. completed D.