大学英语四级考试--提纲式作文写作PPT课件

1 四级写作 提纲式命题作文 2 Sample Inmodernworld theeconomyisdevelopingfastandthepopulationisalsogrowingveryfast Butdoyouknowourearth shealthybecometerriblenow Asayouthofthe21stcentury whatshouldIdotoprotectourearth Rapidly increasing isbecoming 3 Directions Inthissection youareaskedtowriteacompositionentitledShouldpeopleowncarsornot Yourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinegivenbelow Yourcompositionshouldbeatleast120words Outline 1 有人赞成个人买车 2 也有人持相反观点 3 你的看法 ShouldPeopleOwnCarsorNot 4 ShouldPeopleownCarsornot Nowhavingacarismoreandmorepopular somanyfamilyswanttobuyacar Theythinkit suseful Someyoungsthinkit scool andmanypeoplethinkit sconvenentwhentheyhaveaprivatecar Theydon tneedtowaitthecrowdedbus sotheycangotoworkontime It ssavethetime Andtheyalsocandrivethecargowherevertheywantto Afamilycanhaveatraveltogethter It scomfortable Inaword theycanimprovethequalityoftheirlifewithacar Especiallytheincreasingofprivatecarcanpromotetheeconomic Itcanleadthedevelopmentofmanyindustries It sgoodforourcountry sdeveloping 5 四级作文评分原则及标准 14分 漂漂亮亮 切题 表达思想清楚 文字连贯 连贯性好 基本上语言无误 11分 清清楚楚 切题 表达思想清楚 文字连贯 但有少量语言错误 8分 马马虎虎 基本切题 有些地方表达思想不够清楚 文字勉强连贯 语言错误相当多 其中一些是严重错误 5分 糊里糊涂 基本切题 表达思想不清楚 连贯性差 有较多的严重语法错误 2分 一塌糊涂 条理不清 思路紊乱 语言支离破碎 或大部分句子都有错误 且多数为严重错误 6 Praise AnImportantGiftSomepeoplethinkthatcriticismcanchangeone sviewoflife However manypeoplearguethatpraiseismoreimportant Inmyopinion praiseismoreprofitablethancriticism Praiseislikefreshair withoutit ourlifewillbecomeuninterestingandunhappy Givingpraisedoesnotcostthegiveralot but thereceivercanlearnmuch Therearemanypeoplewhosucceedatlastwithapraise Takemyselfforexample Thoughithappenedalongtimeago Irememberitclearly ItwasasportsmeetingandIattendit Atfirst IwasveryconfidentandthoughtIwasthebestofthem soIhadnotraining Thetruthwas duringtherace manystudentsleftmebehind ThenIwanttogiveupandwasfrustrated Fortunately myPEteachercameandpattedonmyback Aslongasyousticktocontinue successwillbelongtoyou Ibelieveyou comeon Hesaidwithasmile Youknow Iimproveddramaticallyandwontheprize So praiseisanimportantgift 7 写作对策 内容是否紧扣主题 涵盖提示要点作文结构层次是否清晰语言表达是否流畅 有无重大语病 有无逻辑错误是否能恰当的使用过渡性词语作文字数是否达到要求卷面是否整洁 书写是否漂亮 8 写作体裁 议论文说明文记叙文 9 议论文开头常用句式 Recently theproblemof hasarousedpeople sconcern hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourdailylife Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell Nowadays hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface Itiscommonlybelievedthat Itisacommonbeliefthat Manypeopleinsistthat Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology moreandmorepeoplebelievethat Alotofpeopleseemtothinkthat 10 议论文结尾常用句式 Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration wefinallycometotheconclusionthat Takingintoaccountallthesefactors wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat Hence Therefore we dbetterarriveattheconclusionthat Thereisnodoubtthat job hopping hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits Allinall wecannotlivewithout Butatthesametime wemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise 11 写作类型 提问类观点类对立观点观点类事物性质利弊类批驳类办法类原因类 12 提问子类 ShouldCollegeMarriagebepermitted 1关于是否允许大学生结婚的讨论在校园里兴起2我对这一现象的看法 13 Anationaldebatehassprunguponwhethercollegemarriageshouldbepermitted Manypeoplestronglyopposethepermissionofcollegemarriage Theyholdthatthechieftaskforcollegestudentsistostudy andmarriagewilldistracttheirattentionandoccupyalotoftime Moreover studentsarenoteconomicallyindependent somarriagewillcausealotofproblemssuchasfuturejobhuntingandhousing Inaword theybelievemarriagewilllargelyhinderbothpresentstudyandfuturework 14 Frommyperspective Ithinkcollegemarriageshouldbepermittedbutbepracticedwithextremecare Foronething therightofcollegestudentsshouldberespected astheyareadults Foranother therestrictionontheageofstudentswasdoneawaywithin2001 andmanyelderstudentsattenduniversities Lastbutnottheleast thetimeincollegeissopreciousthateverystudentwillthinktwicebeforetheygetmarried Undoubtedly fewstudentswillevergetmarriedaftercollegemarriageispermitted buttheauthorityshouldgrantthemtheright 15 观点类对立观点 MyViewonOpportunity1有的人认为机会是极少的 另一些人则认为人人都会有某种机会 2我的看法 3结论 16 MyViewonOpportunity Whenitcomestoopportunity people sopinionsdiffer Somepeoplethinkthattherearefewopportunitiesintheworld whileothersarguethateverybodywillhavesomekindofopportunityalonghisliferoute 17 AsfarasIamconcerned Iagreewiththelatteropinion Foronething Ifirmlybelieveopportunitiesareeverywherearoundus Nopersonwillbeunluckyenoughtohavenoopportunitiesallthetime because everydoghashisday Foranother sinceopportunitiesaretransient wehavetomakegoodpreparationsandimproveourselves JustthinkofNewton whodiscoveredtheLawofGravitationwhenmanypeoplehadwatchedanapplefallingaheadofthem 18 Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove wemayreasonablydrawtheconclusionthattherearequiteafewopportunitiesaroundus Onlyifwegetpreparedcanweseizetheopportunitiesinsteadoflettingthemslipby justasanoldsayinggoes opportunitiesareonlyforthepreparedminds 19 观点类事物性质 MyViewonDoubleBADegree1现在大学生读双学位的现象很常见2我对这一现象的看法 20 MyViewonDoubleBADegree Recentlyithasbecomeacommonphenomenonforcollegestudentstohavetwomajorsatthesametime Inthisway theycangetdoubleBAdegreeswhentheygraduatefromtheuniversityseveralyearslater 21 Althoughitmaybringunfavorableconsequences wecanbesuretoconcludethatthispracticeisfavorableonthewhole Tobeginwith moststudentswillbecomemorehardworkingandefficientinordertofinishthelearningtaskssatisfactorily Moreover withtwodegreesathandaftergraduation theywillstandabetterchanceinthejobmarketfulloffiercecompetition Inthethirdplace asfortoday suniversitystudents tuitionandfeesarebecomingmoreandmoreexpensive Iftheycanmakeachievementsinstudyatschoolandfindasatisfactoryjobafterwards itwillnotbeabigproblem 22 Weighingtheprosandconsofsuchanewtrend wecannaturallyarriveattheconclusionthatitisbeneficialandrewarding Thissystemnotonlycompelsstudentstoworkhard butalsopreparesthemforthecomingcompetition 23 认为 主张 argue maintain hold believe 考虑 take intoconsideration consider thinkover reflecton 认为 思考 考虑 think 下结论 断定 cometotheconclusion arriveattheconclusion conclude decide assert 断定 judge 获得 acquire obtain attain reap 赢得 取得 earn gain 得到 get 支持 赞成 approveof infavorof standbyone sside agreewith 提倡 advocate recommend 支持 support 24 利弊子类 TheGoldenWeek1黄金周给大学生带来的好处2黄金周给大学生带来的弊端3我应当怎样过好黄金周 25 TheGoldenWeek Thegoldenweek NationalDayholiday hasbroughtalotofbenefitstocollegestudentseversincethebeginning First itgivesstudentstimetotakearestaftermonthsofhardwork Second theycanconductsocialactivitiestocombinebookknowledgewithpractice Third theycanalsousethispreciousweektomakeprogressinstudyorcarryoutspecializedresearch 26 Thoughitdoesgoodtocollegestudentsinmanyways thegoldenweekcannevertobesaidtobringnoproblems Foronething manystudentseatandsleeptoomuchduringthevacation whichareharmfultotheirhealth Foranother quiteafewstudentsspendtoomuchtimeplayingvideogamesorgoingsightseeing Howcantheymakeprogressintheirstudyiftheydonotcherishtimeatall 27 Inordertomakegooduseofthegoldenweek Iformthehabitofmakingaconcreteplanbeforeitcomes Ontheonehand Ialwayssetasideenoughtimeforreviewinglessonsandreadingrelevantliterature Ontheotherhand IusuallygotowatchamovieandlistentoaconcertattheGrandOpera Bycarefullyplanningmytime Iamconfidenttospendameaningfulgoldenweek 28 反对 oppose objectto 抵制 resist 反对 saynoto 意义深远的 far reaching profound significant 重要的 important 充分运用 optimize makebest fulluseof 使用 employ utilize 使用 use 好处 优点 advantage merit benefit 坏处 缺点 disadvantage defect flaw drawback deficiency 好处 goodside 重要的 有决定性的 vital crucial critical decisive 应用 apply 坏处 badside 29 批驳类 MyViewonTeenagers StudyingAbroad1现在有很多青少年出国留学2有些人认为这种做法是有益的3我认为这种观点是不对的 30 MyViewonTeenagers StudyingAbroad Recentlyitseemsthatamongthestudentswhochoosetostudyabroad therearemoreandmoreteenagerswhostudyinhighschoolsorevenelementaryschools Manypeople especiallytheparents thinkitwillcertainlydogoodtotheirchildrenbecausetheindependentlifewillmakethemlearnconfidenceandperseverance Moreover thequalityofoverseaseducationisoftenhigher thusthechildstandsabetterchanceofenteringabetteruniversityandgettingabetterjobinthefuture 31 Aftercarefulconsideration Ihavetosaytheaboveviewismorethanbiased Ontheonehand earlyindependentlifeisnotnecessarilygood ifthechildcannotreceiveproperguidanceandtendercarefrombothteachersandparents Ontheotherhand theeducationalqualityisalsoaquestion toomanyforeignschoolsaimatearningmoney Whenthechildrencomeback whocanguaranteethattheycanadapttothefiercecompetitionhere 32 Wecanseeclearlythatalthoughteenagers studyingabroadmaybringfavorableresults therearestillalottoworryabout Itseemsnecessaryforyoungstudentstomakeacarefulinvestigationbeforegoingabroad 33 把 看做 当做 regardas consideras lookon as treat as view as 把 看做 当做 see as 全面的 彻底的 utter thorough 完全的 complete 起作用 解释 难以置信的 惊人的 playarole perform function serve playapart 解释 explain accountfor illustrate clarify fantastic incredible unbelievable exceptional extraordinary marvelous amazing astonishing 起作用 work 惊人的 极好的 great surprising 34 办法类 个人问题 HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview1面试在求职过程中的作用2取得面试成功的因素 仪表 举止谈吐 能力 专业知识 自信 实事求是 35 HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview Ajobinterviewisvitaltothejob huntingprocessinthatifyouaresuccessfulinit youstandagoodchanceoffinalobtainingtheidealjob Thenhowcanwesucceedinjobinterview 36 Inthefirstplace youshoulddressandbehaveproperlyinordertoleaveagoodfirstimpressionontheinterviewer Inthesecondplace whenitcomestotalking youshouldspeakofyourexpertiseandspecialabilitiesclearlyandhonestly What smore self confidenceisalsoanimportantfactor tellingtheinterviewerthatyouwillfacethechallengewheneveryouencounterdifficulties 37 Youwillsucceedinajobinterviewaslongasyouputtheaboveprinciplesintopractice Asaresult youwillprobablyobtainthejobyouhavebeendreamingof 38 勤奋的 勤勉的 diligent industrious 勤奋的 hardworking 认真的 谨慎的 conscientious cautious 认真的 careful serious 冷静的 清醒地 sober reasonable sensible rational 聪明的 bright intelligent wise brilliant 平静的 calm 适应 beadaptedto beaccustomedto beadjustedto 集中精力于 focuson centeron concentrateon 聪明的 clever 适应 beusedto 专心于 setone smindon 注意 Payone sattentionto 39 原因类 HarmfulnessofFakeCommodities1 目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品 fakecommodities 为什么会有这种现象 2 举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人 社会等的危害 40 Nowadaysalotoffakecommoditiesfloodintothemarketanddogreatharmtotheconsumersandthewholesociety Whyaretheresomanyfakecommodities Thefirstreason inmymind isthatsomepeopledreamofearningalargesumofmoneyeasilyandquickly Furthermore thegeneralsocialatmosphereissomewhatunhealthy manypeopleattachgreatimportancetomoneyinsteadofhonesty Lastbutnotleast somegovernmentofficialsarenotdoingtheirjobs HarmfulnessofFakeCommodities 41 Theharmfulnessoffakecommoditieshasbecomemorethanobviousatthemoment Firstofall Theconsumersarethedirectvictims theyspendmoneybuyingunqualifiedandevenuselessproducts Inthesecondplace theauthenticproducersalsosuffergreatloss Thirdly fakecommoditiesmayevenbedangeroussometimes suchasfakefoodandmedicine whichareathreattopeople shealth Consequently itishightimethatwemadegreateffortstoputanendtofakecommodities 42 如何写好英语说明文 审题 what towhom how etc 开好头写好主题句注意行文的统一性和连贯性注意说明方法的选择 eg 举例法 过程分析法 分类法 因果分析法 比较法 细节法 etc 注意说明顺序 eg 空间顺序 时间顺序 逻辑顺序 认识顺序 etc 结尾 重述主题而非重复主题 简短自然 避免介入新的话题 43 常用句式和常用表达 列举 foronething foranother finally besides moreover one another stillanother first second then also tobeginwith firstofall inthefirstplace last next aboveall lastbutnottheleast firstandmostimportant 举例 forexample forinstance oneexampleis besides moreover furthermore inaddition acaseinpoint thatis incidentally asanillustration suchas infact ingeneral inparticular toillustrate namely 定义 referto call mean 44 比较a 相似的比较 likewise incomparison similarly inthesamemanner b 相反的比较 ontheotherhand conversely onthecontrary whereas instead incontrast nevertheless comparedwith 表示时间 later next then finally atlast eventually meanwhile fromnowon atthesametime forthetimebeing intheend immediately inthemeanwhile meantime recently soon nowandthen during nowadays since lately assoonas afterwards temporarily earlier afterawhile now 45 表示方位和顺序 before behind below beneath between here there where beyond nearby under above over ontheright left in the frontof atthebackof inthemiddleof atthebottomof oppositeto nextto 表示概要和结论 inaword inshort inbrief tosumup onthewhole byandlarge allinall sofar therefore thus insummary inconclusion toconclude tosummarize toendwith 46 FastFoodRestaurant 1 快餐馆简介2 去快餐馆的好处3 快餐馆的发展趋势 47 FastFoodRestaurant Ifyouaretoobusyortootiredtocook pleasegotothefastfoodrestaurantwherevariouskindsofready madefoodareserved Someservefishorchicken someservesandwichesorsalad andsomealsoservedrinks coffee andsoon 48 Fastfoodrestaurantsareveryconvenient Youjustgothere orderyourfood waitonlyforafewminutes thenwhenthefoodisready youcarryittoyourtableyourselves youcaneithereatitintherestaurantortakethefoodoutinaplasticcontainerandeatitathome inyouroffice inapark oranywhereyoulike Nowadays fastfoodrestaurantsaregettingmoreandmorepopularinChinabecauseoftheirconvenienceandlowprice Theysavepeople stimeandenergyaswell Thisisveryimportantformanypeople especiallythosewhoaretoobusyortootiredtocook 49 题型概述 记叙文的写作要注意交代清楚六大要素 即时间 time 地点 place 人物 character 事件的原因 cause 经过 process 和结果 effect 记叙文的结构安排通常有三种形式 正叙 倒叙和插叙 正叙是英语叙述文中最常用的一种结构 插叙很少用到 尽量多使用表示转折 顺接 因果和时间的连接词eg foronething foranother ontheonehand ontheother hand etc 要多用四级词汇如有可能 引用一两句名言或是谚语 50 常用句式及表达 表示时间 afterashort long time period afterwards assoonas fromthattimeon immediately lately nowadays shortly sincethen then while recently etc 表示因果 accordingly asaresult consequence consequently hence so therefore thus平行结构 排比结构 neither nor either or both and notonly butalso aswellaseg Studiesservefordelight forornament andforability 学习足以怡情 足以博采 足以长才 51 Teacher sDay 1 向老师致以节日祝贺2 从一件小事回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献3 我如何回报老师的关爱 52 Teacher sDay ItisTeacher sDay anoccasiontocelebratethecontributionsallteachershavemade Theteachingprofessiondeservesspecialrecognitionandrespect Iwanttotakethispreciousopportunityandextendmyheartygratefulnesstoyou HappyTeacher sDayandmayyousucceedineverything 53 Thereisnomoreappropriatetimethanthistohonoralltheteachersworkinginthisline Itisalltheteachers energyandeffortthatmakeswhoIamnow amanwithintelligenceandgoodpersonality Forthepasttwentyyears youhavededicatedsomuchofyourtimeandenergytothehealthydevelopmentofmycharacterandsoulthatIwillcherishyourteachingforlife Dearteachers youdeservechildren srespectandloveaswellasparents Whatsculptureistoablockofmarble teacheristothesoulofchildren 54 Wordscannotdescribemygratefulnesstomybelovedteachers Onthelonglifejourneywithvarioustemptations youarekindlingmywaylikethebeacononadarkwavysea Whatyouhavedoneenrichesmymindandbroadensmyenvision OnthisonceayearoccasionIwanttoexpressmyloveandrespectforallteachersfromthebottomofmyheart TheonlythingIcandoinreturnis domyutmostandcontributemysharetotheconstructionofthehumanworld 55 沮丧的 失意的 frustrated discouraged depressed low spirited 不开心的 sad 努力做 尽力做 attemptto makeeffortsto endeavorto manage