八年级上册Unit 1讲义.doc

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?anyone eniwn pron.任何人anywhere eniwe(r) adv.任何地方 n.任何(一个)地方wonderful wndfl adj.精彩的；极好的few fju adj.很少的；n.少量most mst adj.最多的；大多数的；something sm pron.某事物；nothing(=notanything) n pron.没有什么n.没有myself maself pron.我自己everyone evriwn pron.每人；人人yourself jself pron.你自己；你亲自hen hen n.母鸡；雌禽bored bd adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的pig n.猪diary dari n.日记；日记簿(keep a diary)seem sim vi.似乎；好像someone smwn pron.某人；有人activity ktvti n.活动；活跃decide dsad v.决定；选定(decide to do sth.)try tra v.尝试；设法；努力 (try to do sth. /try doing sth.)bird bd n.鸟；禽paragliding prlad n.空中滑翔跳伞bicycle baskl n.自行车building bld n.建筑物trader tred(r) n.商人；商船wonder wnd(r) v.惊奇；想知道；怀疑difference dfrns n.差异；不同top tp n.顶部；顶wait wet v.等；等待(wait for)umbrella mbrel n.伞；雨伞wet wet adj.湿的；雨天的below bl prep.低于；在.下面adv.在下面as z conj.如同；像.一样enough nf adj.足够的adv.足够地；充分地duck dk n.鸭肉；鸭hungry(反full) hri adj.饥饿的；渴望的dislike dslak v.不喜欢；厌恶 n.不喜爱；厌恶；反感crowded 拥挤的重点短语because of因为；由于have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快stay at home go to the mountains go to the beach go to New York Citygo to the summer camp visit my uncle visit museums go to the moviescentral parkquite a few相当多；不少(后接可数名词)of course vks 当然feel like(doing sth.)想要掌握和运用下列语句:1).Where did you go on vacation? -I stayed at home .2). Where did Tina go on vacation? -She went to the beach.I went to the beach yesterday.疑问句Did you go to the beach yesterday?简略回答Yes, I did./No, I didnt.一般过去时带有确定的过去时间状语时要用过去时。 如：two days ago、 last year 、just now、 when I was 8 years old 、 yesterday 及时练习：用be动词的适当形式填空 I _ at school just now.He _ at the camp last week. We _ students two years ago.They _ on the farm a moment ago.Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.构成规则原形过 去 式1.一般在动词原形末尾加-ed work play worked played2.结尾是e的动词加-d hope live hoped lived3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop trip stopped tripped4.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“ i”再加-ed study worry studiedworriedam/is-was是（单） are-were是（复）babysit-babysat临时照顾 bear-bore出生beat-beat打败 become-became成为begin-began开始 break-broke破坏bring-brought带来 build-built修建buy-bought买 can-could能够 catch-caught抓住 come-came来cost-cost支付 cut-cut剪 do/does-did做 draw-drew画 drink-drank喝 drink-drove驾驶 eat-ate吃 fall-fell 落下 feed-fed喂养 feel-felt感觉 fight-fought打架 find-found找到 fly-flew飞 forget-forgot忘记 freeze-froze结冰 get-got得到 give-gave给 go-went去 grow-grew成长 hang-hanged,hung闲逛 have/has-had做；进行 hear-heard听见 hold-held主持 hurt-hurt伤害 know-knew知道 keep-kept保持lay-laid下(蛋) learn-learned,learnt学习leave-left离开 lie-lay,lied平卧let-let让 lose-lost丢失make-made制作 may-might可能mean-meant表意思 meet-met遇见pay-paid付钱 put-put摆；放read-read阅读 ride-rode骑（车）ring-rang响 run-ran跑say-said说 see-saw看见 sell-sold卖；出售 send-sent发送 swim-swam游泳 shall-should应该 show-showed展示sing-sang唱歌 sit-sat坐sleep-slept睡觉 speak-spoke说话spell-spelled,spelt拼写 spend-spent度过stand-stood站立 sweep-swept扫除take-took带走 teach-taught教 tell-told讲 think-thought思考；想wear-wore穿 will-would将要win-won赢 write-wrote写单项选择（ ）1.Howwasyourvacation?It prettygood.A.isB.areC. wasD.were（ ）2.How thebeaches?Theywerefantastic.A.isB.areC.wasD.were（ ）3.How theweather?Itishot.A.isB.areC.wasD.were（ ）4.DidyougotoCentralPark? .A.Yes,Ididnt B.Yes,IdidC.No,Idid（ ）5.Whatareyou ,Tina?Im homework.A. do;doing B .doing;did C. doing;doing D. did;doing练习一翻译下列短语.待在家里去纽约市去夏令营去山区参观博物馆看望我的叔叔去度假打排球为考试而学习 中心公园二、写出下列动词的过去式： go_ stop _ visit _study_do_ride_take_drive_ arrive_walk_sleep_keep_ get_look play buy have visit stand tell draw _swim _ study _bring _ begin _learn _lie（躺）_enjoy _ 三、用词的正确形式填空1.I _( like ) oranges when I was young(年轻的).But now I _(not like) them.2. My mother often _( stay) at home on Sundays, but last Sunday she _( not stay) at home ,she _(go) to the park.3.Wei Hua _ (have)a busy day yesterday.4.He _(visit) the Great Wall（长城） last year.5.We_(have) a good time yesterday.6.We often _(go) to school by bus last year.7.I _(live)in the village when I was a child.9.Mike_(see) a big tiger in the park last year.10.Sam_ (do) the housework yesterday.11._(do) you _(enjoy) yourself yesterday?12._(do)you _(play) the violin in the art room yesterday?No, I didnt. I_(draw)some pictures there.四选择填空1. She watered the flowers _. A tomorrow B sometimes C yesterday morning 2.What _ Mike do last weekend ? A do B does C did3. I _ my room last Sunday. A cleaned B clean C am cleaning4. I often help my mother _ housework. A does B did C do 5. _ you _ TV last night . A Do, watch B Did, watch C Did, watched 6.-Did your father write an e-mail yesterday? A Yes, he did. B Yes, he does C No, he dont7.They _ on a trip in February ,2007. A are going B going C went8.Were going to _ mountains tomorrow . A climb B climbed C climbing9. _ he _ football two days ago? A Does , play B Did , played C Did , play10.-Good afternoon, Miss Lee. How does Mike feel? -Hes tired . He _ a lot of work _ . A does , this morning B do , this morning C did , this morning（二）句型转换(改为一般疑问句)1. I went to Sanya last year. 2 Jim went out with his family last night.3. We fed some hens and some pigs in the countryside.4.Kate had something to do at school last week.5.They did something fun on the beach. 定代词some, any, no, every与-one, -body, -thing构成复合代词。我们称之为复合不定代词。everyanysomenothingeverything一切anything任何事物something某物，某事nothing没有东西bodyeverybody每人anybody任何人somebody某人nobody没有人oneeveryone每人anyone任何人someone某人no one没有人1. somebody,something, someone一般用于肯定句中，anything,anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句、否定句、和条件状语从句。e.g. There is someone outside the door.I dont have anything to say today.Is there anyone in the room？如：-Did you buy special?-Yes, I bought for my father.-No, I didnt buy . (I bought ) is singing in the next room.Does live in the old house?Did you go out with ? knows his name.2. 形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置。重要的事情 不同的东西某个有趣的人 如： Is there anything interesting on TV tonight? I have something important to tell you. Is there anything else in the box? -Letsgivehersomethingdifferenttoeat. There is wrong with the lathe.这个车床没有毛病。Is there important in todays newspaper?今天报纸上有什么重要消息吗?I need strong to help me.我需要一个体格强壮的人帮助我。 3.复合不定代词表示单数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Someone is waiting for you at door.Everything begins to grow in spring. eg: everyone here today? 今天，大家都到齐了吗?（be)Nothing difficult if you put your heart into it.（be) 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 Nobody/No one his name.(know) There somethingorsomebodynearus.（be） 4.anyone, anything也可用在肯定句中，表示“任何人，任何事”Anyone can do this.I can do anything for you.1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A. important something B. anything important C. something important 2. _ is watching TV. Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody3. Would you like _? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything else4.I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B: anything C. something D. nothing及时练：用anyone ,something, anything, everything, nothing, everyone , no one 填空。1. Linda: Did you do _ fun on your bacation, Alice?Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya.Linda: How did you like it?Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so _ was really interesting.Linda: Did you go with _?Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister.Linda: Did you go shopping?Alice: Of course! I bought _ for my parents. But _ for myself.Linda: Why didnt you buy _for yourself.Alice: I didnt really see_ I liked.3.How did you like it?你觉得它怎么样？ How do/did you like? “你觉得怎样？”， 用来询问对方的观点或看法，相当于 What do you think of? 或How do you feel about? eg: How do you like your new job? = _ _ _ _ _ your new job? = _ _ _ _ _ your new job?4.Did you go shopping? 你们去购物了吗？ go shopping意为“去购物；去买东西”， do some shopping.(同义短语)eg: I usually go shopping on Sundays. 我通常星期天去购物。 拓展：“go + doing”形式表示“去做某事”， 常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。go bike riding 骑自行车旅行 go climbing去爬山 go skating去滑冰 go hiking去远足 go sightseeing去观光 go fishing去钓鱼 go swimming去游泳 go camping去野go boating去划船 go surfing去冲浪 go skateboarding去进行滑板运动 5.I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场. a friends farm是名词所有格形式。 一般情况下，表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加s，表示所属关系。 eg: The red bike is Alices.自行车是爱丽斯的。 拓展：名词所有格的构成： 1）单数名词词尾加“s”，复数名词词尾没有s,也要加“s”： the girls pen女孩的钢笔 womens shoes女鞋 on Childrens Day 2）复数名词以s结尾的只加“”： the students reading room学生阅览室 Teachers Day教师节 3）如果两个名词并列,并且分别有s,表“分别有”； Johns and Kates rooms约翰和凯特（各自）的房间 只有后一个名词有一个s，则表示“共有”： Lily and Lucys father莉莉和露西的爸爸 4）表无生命的名词一般与of构成短语，表示所有关系 a map of China一幅中国地图 the name of the story那个故事的名字 6.Still no one seemed to be bored. (即使这样)仍然没有人看起来无聊。 1）seem不及物动词或系动词,“好像；似乎；看来”。eg：Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。拓展:a. seem+adj.“看起来”。 You seem happy today.你今天看起来很高兴。 b. seem+to do sth.“似乎，好像做某事”。 I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。 c. It seems/seemed+从句 “看起来好像；似乎”。 It seems that no one believes you. 看起来好像没有人相信你。 d. seem like“好像，似乎”。 It seems like a good idea.它好像是个好主意。 2）辨析：bored与boring a. bored意为“厌烦的；感到无聊的”， 一般在句中修饰人，作表语 b. boring意为“无聊的；令人厌烦的”， 一般在句中修饰事或物，可作表语和定语 eg：a. Im _ with what he said. 我对他说的话厌烦极了。 b. I find the story very _.interested/interested excited/excitingIm in the story.(interested/interested)She is about the news.(excited/exciting)7. feel like doing想要做某事 I feel like after class. A. played B.play C. playing8. enjoy doing sth=have fun doing sthenjoy sth喜欢享受She enjoyed after supper.A. walking B.walk C.walked9. too many +可数名词 too much+不可数名词 Mother bought too many eggs yesterday. We have too much work to do. too much修饰动词作状语。 Dont talk too much.吃太多 走太多路much too 太，+形容词或副词。 The hat is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast. 10. decide to do sth 决定做某事She decided on vacation this summer.A. going B. to go C. went11. arrive in 和arrive at 的异同: _ try to do 和try doing的异同: _ because 和 because of的异同: _He arrived Shanghai yesterday. (in/at) He arrived a small village. (in/at)He tried the job before tomorrow.(finish) The bear tried him, but he escaped.(attack,攻击） it is cold, I have to put on more clothes.(because/ because of) the bad weather, I have to stay at home.(because/ because of)练习：一翻译go with someone_ go out with someone _ go to New York city_ buy something special_meet someone interesting_ study for_do something interesting _ go to central park_任何人 差别 建筑物 可口的 _ 昂贵的_ 令人兴奋的_ 便宜的_糟糕的_ 无聊的_ 有趣的 _ 友好的_到达_决定做_ 去海滩_试着做 _尽力做 _好像/觉得 _骑自行车去_大量的/许多的_ 100年前_ 喜欢做某事_等待 _因为_雨下很大 想要 二. 用所给词的正确形式填空。.1.OurtrainridetoKunmingwas_（relax).2.Iwasunhappybecausethepeopletherewere_（friend）.3.Thegirl_muchtime_（watch）TVlastterm.（上学期）4.Whatdidtheygotothe_（mountain）for?5.Itswinternow.Manybirdsare_（fly）tothesouth.6.Wealwayshavefun_（learn）English.7.Thatdaytheweather_（benot）hotnorcold.8.Shealways_（walk）toschoollastyearbecauseshe_（has）nobike.9.Whatday_（be）ityesterday?_you_（has）aPEclass?10.Thebusistoo_（crowd）.Idecide_（wait）forthenextbus.三句型转换。1. Hedidhishomeworkintheeveninglastyear.（变为否定句）He hishomeworkintheeveninglastyear.2.LinFengwroteareportonstudentsvacation.（变成一般疑问句）_LinFeng_areportonstudents vacation?3.ItwasTuesdayyesterday.（就画线部分提问）_yesterday?4.Themuseumwasboringandcrowded.（就画线部分提问）_themuseum?5 Ihelpedhimtofindhisfather.（就画线部分提问）_tohim?6.Weplayedtennisfrombreakfasttilllunch.（就画线部分提问）_tennis?四选择( )1. How _you _your summer vacation? I visited Xian.A. do，spend B. did，spend C. did，spent ( )2._did you go on vacation?A. Where B. What C. Who ( )3. There _a small boy _in the comer，and I helped him find his mother.A. was，crying B. is，cry C. was，cries ( )4. Can you help me _a taxi?A. look B. give C. find ( )5. Do you want _the music club?A. join B. joining C. to join ( )6. I found a little cat _with a ball in the garden.A. plays B. played C. playing ( )7. What did they decide _then?A. do B. to do C. doing ( )8. We had great fun _in the water.A. play B. played C. playing ( )9. That computer was too expensive，_I decided not to buy.A. because B. so C. if ( )10. I didnt have _money for a taxi， _I have to walk home.A. many， because B. any， so C. some， so用所给动词的正确形式填空。Last August, our class_(do) something very special on our school trip. We _(go) to mount Tai. We_(start) our trip at 12:00 at night. Everyone in our class_(take) a bag with some food and water. After three hours, someone looked at the map and _(find) out we _(be ,not) anywhere near the top. My legs _(be) so tired that I wanted to stop. My classmates_(tell) me to keep going, so I _(go) on. At 5:00 a.m., we got to the top! Everyone _(jump) up and down in excitement. Twenty minutes later, the sun _(start) to come up. It was so beautiful that we _(forget) about the last five hours!.完形填空（每小题1分，满分10分）The summer vacation is the best time for students. They can go outdoors and have fun. They can go to big cities to 31 , or go to the countryside to enjoy the beauty of 32 .Peter is an American middle school student and he loves 33 very much. He always travels in his country. This summer vacation he wants to do 34 . He is inte