八下英语Unit3知识点练习(学用).doc

1 Unit 3 Could you please clean your room 一 重点短语 1 出去吃晚饭 2 在外逗留到很晚 3 看电影 4 搭便车 5 忙于 从事于 6 完成某事 7 整洁 干净 8 洗碗 9 倒垃圾 10 叠衣服 11 拖地 12 整理床铺 13 打扫卧室 14 问题 15 欢迎某人 16 放学回家 下班回家 17 扔下 18 丢弃 丢掉 19 to 地点 走到 20 与某人散步 21 一整天 22 整天 整晚 23 做家务活 24 大声回应 25 走开 离开 26 一起分担做家务活 27 一个舒适的家 28 惊讶地 做 29 喝一些东西 30 看一个节目 31 闲逛 32 给某人某物 33 给某人借某物 34 把某物打湿 35 讨厌做某事 讨厌某种行为 指具体的一次动作 指一个经常性的动作 36 处理琐事 37 帮助某人做某事 38 bring a tent 带一个帐篷 39 买一些零食 40 去商店 41 邀请某人参加聚会 42 让某人做某事 43 足够多的压力 44 浪费时间 45 为了 46 得高分 47 介意做某事 48 依靠 依赖 49 培养孩子的独立能力 50 照看 照顾 51 做某人分内的事 二 重点句型 1 Could you please clean your room Could you please do sth 2 I have to do some work 3 Could I use your computer Could 主语 do sth 表情求 4 She won t be happy if she sees this mess 5 For one week she did not do any housework and neither did I Neither be 动词 助动词 情态动词 主语 6 My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV 7 It s the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children it 为形式主语 to do 不定式是真正的主语 并且后置 8 I think it s important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework 9 The earlier kids learn to be independent the better it is for their future the 比较级 the 比较级 句型 三 单元知识点 1 Could you please 动词原形 你能 吗 Could 在句子开头 不表示过去时态而表示请求 以表示礼貌 委婉或不确定的语气 而 can 则不具备这些语 气 这种情况下不能把 could 看作 can 的过去式 肯定回答可以用 Sure Of course Certainly Go ahead please 或 That s OK all right 也可以用 主语 can 不能用 主语 could 否定回答用 Sorry 理由 主语 can t mustn t 不用 主语 couldn t 表请求的结构还有 Would you please V 原 Would you mind V ing 2 take out 带出去 取出 拿出 take the rubbish out take out 100yuan take your tickets out 3 make the one s bed 整理床铺 make the table 收拾桌子 摆放碗筷 4 Could I at least finish watching this show finish 完成 做好 finish doing sth 5 at any minute now 很快 马上 Mother will be back any minute now Hurry up The train is leaving at any minute 6 mess 名词 不整洁 杂乱 不堪 be in a mess 乱七八糟 杂乱不堪 7 sweep 动词 打扫 扫 过去式为 swept sweep the floor 8 throw 动词 扔 投 掷 过去式为 threw throw down 扔下某物 throw sth away 扔掉某物 2 throw to sb 把某物扔给某人 throw at sb sth 扔某人东西 带感情色彩 9 The minute I sat in front of the TV my mother came over The minute that 引导时间状语从句 意为 一 刚 就 相当于 as soon as I promise to reply to your letter the minute I get home 10 reply 回答 回复 不及物动词 reply to sb sth reply to your letter reply in writing 11 as as 像 一样 否定形式为 not so as as A be as 形容词 as B A 实意动词 as 副词 as B 12 neither did I 是 Neither be 动词 助动词 情态动词 主语 结构 表示前者的否定情况也适用于后者 I don t agree with their plan Neither do I They can t swim across the river Neither can we Neither 还表示 两者的否定 即可以看成是 both 两者都 的完全否定 Both of my parents are mountain climbers 意为 我父母都不是登山者 是下面那个句子 Neither of my parents is a mountain climber Both of my parents are not mountain climbers 13 pass sb sth pass sth to sb 把某物递给 传给某人 请把盐递给我 14 borrow 借 借进 借他人的物品来用 常用于 borrow sth from sb borrow sb s sth lend 借给 借出 把自己的物品借出去 常用于 lend sth to sb lend sb sth 15 while 当 时候 在 期间 引导时间状语从句 表 一段时间 从句的谓语动词用延续性动词 且 常用进行时态 如 The telephone rang while father was reading a newspaper Could you please look after the kid while I do shopping When 引导时间状语从句是 可以表示 一段时间 和 某一时刻 所以从句的谓语动词延续性动词和短 暂性动词皆可 When I arrive in Beijing it s raining heavily 16 hate vt 不喜欢 讨厌 恨 没有进行时 hate 后可接 to do 也可接 doing 意义无大差别 只是 to do 更多 表示具体的一次性的动作 而 doing 更多表示习惯性 经常的一般的动作 同 like 后接 to do 或 doing 的用法 17 复习 invite sb to do sth invitation 名词 invite sb to sth invite sb for sth He invited us for the concert I want to invite my friends to a party 18 drink 名词 做饮料时为不可数名词 表示不同种类的饮料时为可数名词 如 soft drinks 软饮料 19 waste 名词 浪费 滥用 a waste of time 动词 浪费 waste time waste money 20 in order to V 原形 意为 为了 目的是 In order to improve his English he practices speaking everyday in order that 从句 意思也是 为了 目的是 21 provide 动词 提供 供应 常用结构 provide sth for sb provide sb with sth The hotel provides free breakfast for travelers 22 复习 It is adj for sb to do sth 意为 23 do one s part in doing sth 尽某人的职责做某事 Every person on the earth should do his part in saving water 24 depend on sb sth 依靠 信赖 决定于 His high grade depends on his hard training When we grow up we must depend on ourselves 25 develop 动词 发展 壮大 培养 develop children s independence develop science and technology develop healthy eating habit development 名词 发展 形容词 developed 发达的 developed country developing 发展中 26 result 名 动 结果 as a result 也意为 结果 27 the 比较级 the 比较级 意为 越 就越 The harder you study the better grade you can get 四 重点语法 区别动词 do 和 make do 与动作及非实质性的事连用 与词尾是 ing 的动作名词连用 如 do the dishes do my homework do chores 做家务 处理琐事 do the laundry 洗衣 do the shopping do some reading make 表示 做 制造 整理 冲 泡 饮料 等 如 make your bed 铺床 make breakfast make dinner make tea 泡茶 沏茶 make myself a cup of coffee 3 模拟试题 一 英汉互译 1 play with 2 have a test 3 do chores 4 take out 5 make the bed 6 sweep the floor 7 从 借 8 喂狗 9 生气 10 照顾 11 邀请某人到 12 忙于 从事 13 洗餐具 14 做饭 二 根据要求答题 1 Could you help me clean the living room 作肯定回答 2 Thanks for taking care of my dog 变同义句 for my dog 3 Remember to clean the bed 改为同义句 to clean the door 4 Can you lend your pen to me 改为同义句 Can your pen 5 I like to wash the plates because it s relaxing 就划线部分提问 you to wash the plates 三 用 could can may must needn t 填空 1 A you answer the question in English B Sorry I I answer it in English A No you You answer it in Chinese 2 A I ask a question B Yes you But you wait a minute 3 A I use your eraser Bill B Sorry I don t have one Ask Mary She have one 4 A you help me do the shopping B OK Sure 5 A you sweep the floor B But I finish my homework first 四 单项填空 1 What a dirty room You shouldn t throw your waste things everywhere Oh I am sorry I am going to and put them in the waste box A fold my clothes B take out the trash C watch TV 2 Could you please go to the movies with me tonight Sorry my mother is ill in bed and I have to her A take care of B take a walk with C take over 3 Don t the dog it s dangerous it ll bite you A play withB play C play for 4 Jim come out Let s go to play football Sorry I m a maths problem A working outB working onC working for 5 Mum Could I go shopping with you Yes But you have to finish your homework first A you canB you couldC you can t 6 My mother often my little sister of the house and plays with her in the garden A take outB takes outC takes to 7 I doing the dishes because it s boring A hatesB hateC like 8 I some money from him but I ll it to him in a few days A borrow return B lend borrow C borrow keep 9 the young trees is our duty A Taking good care of B Take good care of C Takes good care of 4 一 时态和语态 1 时态 谓语动词和谓语动词之间的关系 2 语态 主语和谓语动词之间的关系 1 主动语态 主语是动作的发出者 Many people play football 2 被动语态 主语是动作的承受者 Football is played by many people 二 被动语态的构成 be 动词过去分词 be 随时态变化而变化 动词一定为及物动词 不及物动词无被动语态 1 一般现在时 is am are worked The orange juice is made by him 2 现在进行时 is am are being worked The car is being used by my father 3 一般将来时 is am are going to be worked will be worked shall be worked The MH370 will be found by Chinese in 2 days 4 一般过去时 was were worked The icecream was eaten by the rabbit 5 过去进行时 was were being worked I saw she was being beaten by her mother Yesturday 6 过去将来时 was were going to be worked would be worked She was going to be a writter when she was 10 years old 7 现在完成时 has have been worked The bridge has been built in our city 8 过去完成时 had been worked The book had been finished before she went to bed 9 情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 be 及物动词过去分词 can must need be w