形容词和副词比较级及最高级.doc

一、形容词不规则变化：中文原级比较级最高级好Good/wellBetterThe best坏Bad/illWorstThe worst多Much/manymoreThe most少littlelessThe least前foreformerThe foremost二、形容词规则变化类 型举 例原级比较级最高级直接加er/estlonglongerThe longest尾e加r/stlargelargerThe largest辅音+y变i加er/estlazylazierThe laziest重读音节(1元音+1辅音)双写辅音加er/estfatfatterThe fattest借助more和the most：三音节及以上或后缀为ful/less/ous/ive/ing的单词UsefulMore usefulThe most useful三、两组比较级和最高级老的oldolder、the oldest(年岁)elder、 the eldest（排行）远的farfarther、the farthest(距离)further、the furthest(程度)晚的latelater、the latest(时间)latter、the last(顺序)四、形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法 (1)形容词和副词比较级的用法 用于两者比较，表示“比更”： “A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+B， eg.I am two years older than my little sister. “A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+B： eg. She gets to school earlier than the other students. 用于两者之间的同级比较，表示“和一样”： “A+系动词+as+形容词原级+as+B， eg.Bill is as funny as his father. “A+谓语动词+as+副词原级+as+B” eg.Lucy speaks Chinese as well as Lily. 表示甲在某方面不如乙： “A+系动词+not asso+形容词原级+as+B” eg.These books arent as interesting as those. “A+助动词情态动词+not+谓语动词+aSSO+B” eg.She didnt sing so well that night as she usually does. 表示某个范围内的两者相比： “A十动词十the+比较级+of短语(比较范围)” eg.Penny is the taller of the two girls. Penny是这两个女孩中较高的一个。 表示“越来越”：“比较级+and+比较级” eg.In spring the days are getting longer and longer. 在春天，白天变得越来越长。 表示“越越”：“the+比较级the+比较级” eg.The more you practice using English，the better youll learn it 你英语练得越多，就会学得越好。 可以用much，far，even，a bit，a little，a lot等修饰比较级表示程度，但决不可用very修饰。 eg.Tom is a little taller than Mike.Tom比Mike稍高一点； It is even colder today than yesterday。 今天甚至比昨天更冷 在比较级中，为了避免重复，可用that或those代替前面提到过的事情。 eg.The weather here is much hotter than that Of our hometown.这儿比我的老家热得多。 The pants in this shop are a lot better than those in that shop.这家商店的裤子比那家商店的裤子质量好得多。 (3)形容词和副词最高级的用法 对三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时用最高级。形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the，副词最高级前可加the，也可省掉the；后面可带ofin短浯来说明比较范围： “主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of短语in短语” eg.She is the youngest Of all. “A+谓语动词+(the)+最高级+of短语in短语” eg.Linda draws most carefully in her class. 形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。 Our teacher is taller than we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。 This picture is more beautiful than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。 This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。 The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。 形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。 She is the best student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。 This is the biggest apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。 Tom is the tallest boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。 几个特殊用法: most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示 极,很,非常, 十分。 Its most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。 I cannot do it, its most difficult. 我干不了这件事，太难了。 The+形容词比较级., the+形容词比较级.表示 越. 就越.。 The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。 The more I have, the more I want. 我越有就越想要有。 The more, the better. 越多越好。 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 , 表示 越来越. 。 Its getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了. Its pity he is getting poorer and poorer. 真可怜他越来越穷了。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 计算机越来越便宜。 The more and more people focus on the meeting next year. 越来越多的人关注明年的会议。 主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。 This box is as big as mine. 这个盒子和我的一样大。 This coat is as cheap as that one. 这件衣服同那件衣服一样便宜。 I study English as hard as my brother. 我同我兄弟一样学习努力。 用形容词表示类别和整体 the + 形容词 表示某种人。 He always helps the poor. 他经常帮助穷人。 I like to have a talk with the young. 我喜欢同年轻人谈话。 The rich sometimes complain their empty life. 富人有时抱怨他们空虚的生活。 The police led the old man across the street. 警察领老人横过马路。 以-ly结尾的形容词 1） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively， ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 改错：(错） She sang lovely. （错） He spoke to me very friendly. （对） Her singing was lovely. （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily. 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -出处-材料性质，类别-名词 a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car 一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表： 限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+ those + three + beautiful + large + square 新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词 old + brown + wood + table 典型例题: 1） Tony is going camping with _ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two 答案：C。由限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -性质-名词的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。 2) One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的