初二英语笔记(下学期).docx

Campus LifeUnit 1 Lesson 1 Our School Newspaper一、单词：1.agreev.同意agreementn.同意disagreev.不同意agreeableadj.令人喜悦的2.successn.成功succeedv.成功successfuladj.成功successfullyadj.成功3.suggestvt.建议，提出建议suggestionn.建议4.volunteern.志愿者v自愿的voluntaryv.自愿的，主动的5.publishvt.出版，发行publishern.出版商6.responsibilityn.责任感responsiblea.责任responsen.回答，答复7.readern.读者readv.阅读readingn.阅读8.writern.作家writev.写rewritev.改写，重写9.advertisementn.广告advertisev.做广告，公布advertisingn.做广告advertisern.登广告的人10.attractiveadj.吸引人的attractionn.吸引attractv.吸引1. 二、词组： 1chief editor = editor in chief主编2school newspaper校报3preside over主持，主管4get started = start / begin doing sth.5start our school newspaper开办我们的校报6discuss the name and sections决定名称和栏目7at this meeting = at the conference在会议上8be a success会成功9set the ball rolling开始10Let me speak first.让我先说let sb to do sth11campus star校园之星campus mirror校园之镜12I prefer campus star to campus mirror.我喜欢校园之星胜过于校园之镜。I couldnt agree more=I see eye to eye with you.完全同意national and international news国内和国际新闻students voice学生之声fun time欢乐一刻advice page忠告栏be sure about sthin ones opinion按某人的意见focus on集中在，着重在on campus在校园中Whats your view on that ?你对那有什么意见agree with sb.同意某人的意见a job advertisement一则招工广告twice a month一个月两次volunteer editors and reporters志愿编辑和记者a must 必要条件have good grade有很好的成绩in all their school subjects在所有的学科30in addition = whats more除此以外have a high sense of responsibility有很好的责任感be interesting in对感兴趣view = personal opinion or attitude看法，见解，观点suggest=put sth./sb. forward for consideration建议，提议decision=deciding, making up ones mind决定，决议，结论unless = if not除非，若不rewrite=write sth. again in a different from or style改写，重写involve = include or affect (sb. / sth.) in its operation包括，包含detail = small , particular f act or item细节，详情三、句型结构1.I couldnt agree more. = I agree completely. 我非常同意。表示完全同意的说法还有：I certainly agree. 我当然同意。 I quiet agree with you. 我很同意你的意见。Thats my opinion , too . 这也是我的意见。2.suggest vt. 建议，提出建议（后接名词，动词或宾语从句）I suggest doing it in a different way.我提议用不同的方式做这件事。Tom suggested the plan to Peter. 汤姆向皮特提出这个计划。Brander suggested that she (should) wear a jacket. Brander 建议她应穿夹克衫。 四、语法讲解The adverbial clause of condition (unless)unless 是个从属连词，引导条件状语从句。由于unless 具有否定意义，因此它引导的是个否定的条件（如果不）可以把它看作是 if .not 的同义表达手段。如：Unless he comes = If he doesnt come 如果他不来Unless you work hard ,you will fail.= If you dont work hard ,you will fail. 如果你不努力工作，你会失败的。Unless 从句，如同if 从句一样，也用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 Unless it rains，Ill pick you up at 6:00. 如果不下雨，我将在六点钟把你接走。Campus LifeUnit 1 Lesson 2 At the School Library.VOCABULARY1. fine adj. 好，（身体好） n. 罚金 pay a fine of 200 yuan v. be fined 被罚款2. renew vt. = replace (sth.) with new of the same kind 更新，续借renew a book 续借一本书e.g. If you cant finish reading it , youll have to renew it,假如你还没读完，你还可以续借它。 * re 前缀表示“重新，再” 例如：reread , rewrite *3. library n. 图书馆librarian n. 图书馆管理员 = someone who works in a library4. title = headline 标题5. loan =thing that is lent 暂借，贷款on loan 暂借的；被暂借的6. at most 至多 = no more than at least 至少e.g. Its useless .Its worth 5 yuan at most. 它没什么用，做多值5元。 Hes in primarry school ,so he is 7years old at least. 他在读小学，他至少7岁了。7. recall vt./n. 收回/催还通知书 = order sb. to return 8. due adj. 要到期了over-due adj. 过期了9. fill vi./vt. 填写 (只能表示动作，不能表示状态)e.g. Fill youer bag with your books. 把你的书包装满书。 The cars fill the street. 街道上挤满了汽车。 表示状态（物）be full of = be filled withCampus Lifee.g. Look , the basin is full of water.看，这个盆子装满了水！ The street is full of cars街道上挤满了汽车。 fill in the blank / form ,table 填 空 / 表格表示状态（人）be crowded with10. in time 及时 （可以早一些） on time 准时（不用提前）.11. with ones voice 异口同声one at a time 一次一个人12. collection n. 收集；收藏 a large collection ofcollect v. 收集；募集13. offer sb. sth. 主动提出14. store money 储存钱store information 储存信息15. use n./v. 使用 make full use of 充分利用user n. 使用者；用户useful / useless adj. 有用的 / 无用的usefully adv. 有用地16. music n. 音乐（不可数） musical n. 音乐剧 adj. 音乐的 musical instrument 乐器musician n. 音乐家17. A as well as B (强调A) = not only but also 不但(B) 而且(A) 也也 = in addition 除以外 （动词与A 保持一致）as well （后面不接任何东西）18. no matter 不管 + what / where / when / how19.enjoy oneself = have a good / wonderful / lovely time 过得愉快20.exhibit v. 展出Campus Lifen. 展品exhibition n. 展览，展览会21.store = keep 储存.TEXT1.do a project on sth. 做一个关于的课题on 专门关于 about 泛泛关于e.g. do a project on Western culture and customs 做一个关于西方习俗和文化的课题2. borrow sth. from sp. / sb. 从地方借到东西 / 人 lend sth. to sb. 把某物皆给某人e.g. borrow some books from the school library从学校图书馆借一些书3.find some information 找一些资料 information,news, advice,weather,fun 最常用的不可数名词4.May I help you? = What can I do for you? 有什么需要帮助的么？ 5.check for sth. on the computer 在电脑上找一些资料6.ten minutes later 十分钟过后7.in that case 既然如此8.pay a fine 付罚金 pay a fine of 100 yuan 付了100元的罚款9.five pence a day for each book 每一本书每天5便士10.on loan 暂借的11.write down the details of the books 写下这些书的细节12.what do you mean by that ? 你说的这是什么意思？13.fill in this form 填写这张表格 fill in = fill out 填写14.have no idea of it. = do idea sth. 对此事一无所知Campus Life.READING1.in the west 在西方2.more than = not only 不仅仅3.provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 提供给某人某物 provide me with a lot of information= provide a lot of information for us 提供一些信息给我们4.science fiction 科幻小说5.in the music section of the library 在有关音乐的图书馆里6.offer special services for blind people 提供特殊服务给盲人7.topics of interest 主题为“有趣”8.pleasant adj. 令人满意的 How pleasant the weather is!pleased adj. 感到满意的 What pleasant weather! a pleasant trip 一个令人满意的旅行pleasure n. 乐趣，趣事.GRAMMAR1.How many books may I borrow at a time? 每次我能借几本书？2.How can I recall them? 我怎样收回它们？3.The adverbial clause of purpose with so that (so that 引导的宾语从句)so that = in order that (为了以便) + 目的状语从句用来连接两个句子（主+谓）in order to do = so as to do 其两者相比较：I got up early in order to / so as to catch the early bus.I got up early in order that / so that I couldcatch the early bus.Campus LifeUnit 1 Lesson 3 A Homepage for Dongfang International School.同义解释1.set up = establish or create srh. 建立、设立2.equip = supply 配备、装备3.required = compulsory 必须的，规定的，指定的4.optional = not compulsory 任选的，选修的5.achieve = gain or reach (sth.) usually by effort,skill,courage,etc.取得6.consist of = be made up of 由组成7.staff = group of assistants working together in a business 全体职员，全体老师8.major = important ,personal 主修的，主要的9.minor = smaller,less serious,less important 副修的，次要的，副课 10.elementary = basic,of the beginning stages 初级的，基本的11.secondary=following primary or junior high schools中等的，第二的12.private = personal 私人的，私有的13.informal=not formal 非正式的，非正规的14.one another = each other 互相15.excellent = very good 优秀的.词性转化1. equip v. 装备、配备equipment n. 设备、装备2. second det. 第二 second n. 秒secodary a. 中等的、第二的3. educate v. 教育人education n. 教育4. chemistry n. 化学chemist n. 药剂师Campus Life chemical a. 化学的5. attract v. 吸引attraction n. 吸引 attractive a. 具有吸引力的6. recent a. 近来recently ad. 近来7. enjoyable a. 令人快乐的enjoy v. 从获得兴趣 joy n. 高兴8. free a. 自由，免费freely ad. 自由地 freedom n. 自由常用短语1.set up 建立，设立 e.g. He set up a tent. 他搭起了帐篷 set off 出发，燃放 set out 出发，动身 set free 释放2.in recent years 近年来e.g. In recent years, flood have caused billions of dollors in damage. 近年来，洪水造成了数十亿美金的损失。3.cover an area of 占地 = have an area ofe.g. Our school covers an area of 4,000 square metres. 我们学校占地4000平方米。4.be equipped with 配备，装备 (equip with) e.g.We equipped our new classroom with morden facilities. 我们用现代化的设备装备了我们的新教室。5.the hotel staff 旅馆的全体工作人员6.学科前面不加冠词。English,Mathematics,History,Geogtaphy and so on.Campus Life7.take college admission tests 参加大学入学考试take off 脱下，（飞机）起飞 take seat 坐下 take back 收回，送回 take away 拿走，使离开take action 采取措施 take up 开始学习take care of 照顾，料理 take care 当心take charge of 负责 take down （ 拿，放，记）下来take hold of 抓住，吸引住 take over 接管take part in 参加，参与 take place 发生，举行8.one another 强调两个以上；each other 强调两者之间语法知识The adverbial clause of reason (as) (as引导的原因状语从句) 一般来说，as语气较弱，较口语话，所表示的原因比较明显，或是已知的事实，故不需要强调。因而常位于句首。而because语气较强，表示听者未知的原因，因而常常位于句末，成为信息的焦点。因此之故，as不能回答why的问题。而because则能回答why的问题。e.g. As the weather was fine, we decided to walk to the restaurant. 因为天气好，我们决定步行去餐馆。 As I am ill, I cant go. 因为我病了，我不能去。 I cant go because Iam ill. 我不能去因为我病了。Leisure Time Unit 2 Lesson 1 Lets Go to the Movies!.VOCABULARY1. leisure n. 闲暇，消遣 （in ones）leisure time =（in ones）spare/free time 在某人的空闲时间 for leisure 作为消遣2. hero(es) n. 英雄 heroic adj. 英雄的 heroic deeds 英雄事迹3. liberate v. 解放 e.g. China was liberated in 1949. 中国是在1949年被解放的。 liberation n. 解放 liberation war （中国）解放战争 e.g. After liberation, Chinese people live a happy life. 解放以后，中国人民过着快乐的生活。4. direct v. 导演，指导 director n. 导演（人），指导者5. none / all 两个 noon与all 互为反义词，可以指人，也可以指物，强调数量。 noon 强调数量 both 全是都不是 nobady/no one (物) 强调类别 neither 两个都不是 nothing either 两个中任意一个6. edit v. 编辑 editor n. 编辑7. a pair of 必须对称 a couple of day = several days a young couple of 一对年轻的夫妻8. make a film 制作一部电影Leisure Time 9. effect n. 效果 have a effect on 对有效果 green house effect 温室效应10.reappear v. 重现 disappear v. 消失 apperance n. 外表 disapperance n. 失踪11.real adj. 真的 really adv. 真地 reality n. realize v. 实现12.real adj. 指材料是否“真材实料”（实际） ture adj. 指事实是否“与实际情况相符”（抽象）13.frightened adj. 感到害怕的 frightening adj. 令人害怕的14.silent adj. 安静的 keep silent silence n. 安静.TEXT1. open v. 瞬间动词 表示动作 open adj. be open 表示状态2. just opened 刚开张3. quite a few = many 一些4. Sparkling Red Star 闪闪的红星5. an excellent movie 一部精彩的电影6. learn from it 从它里面学到7. Is it a comedy,theiller or an animated movie? 这是一部喜剧，惊险电影还是一部动画片8. a big hit9. be directed by 由指导10.Who stars in it? 谁是这部电影的主演？Leisure Time 11.child actor 儿童演员12.at that time 在那时13.by the way 顺便问一句14.have some articles to edit 有一些文章需要编辑.READING1. movie capital of the world 世界电影之都2. in the early 1900s 在19世纪初期3. be different from 不同之处4. no colour 没有颜色5. no sound 没有声音 6.cowboy movie 牛仔电影7.different kinds of 不同种类8.animated and science faction movies 动画片和科幻电影9.special effects 特效10.with the help of 在的帮助下11.on the screen 在银屏上12.in the jungle 在森林里.GRAMMAR1.动词不定式由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，如to say,to write等。在有些情况下，to需省去，或加to不加to都可以。不定式没有人称和数的变化。否定形式是在不定式符号前加上not，never等。e.g. Its hard for some students to speak English 对一些学生来讲，说英语很难。2.动词不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、和定语。e.g. Its important for everyone to ralex from time to time.Leisure Time 时不时地放松一下对每个人来讲很重要。（作主语）Your homework today is to read and act out the dialogue.今天你的作业是阅读并表演对话。（作表语）We havent decided when to leave for Beijing.我们还没决定什么时候去北京。（作宾语） Tongtong bought a new recorder in order to practice English every day.通通买了台录音机，是为了每天练习英语。（作状语）Let him go with us.让他和我们一起去。（作宾语补足语）I am going to get something to read during the summer holidays.我打算暑假里读些书。（作定语）3.不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式结构用于ask,tell,order,want,allow,advise等及物动词的宾语补足语。e.g. She told ne to wait here. 她叫我等在这儿。但动词不定式在动词make,let,hear,watch,see,notice等后面作宾语补足语时常省去不定式符号to。had better后也不带to，help后可带可不带to。e.g. Let the boy watch the animated moive. 让这个男孩看动画片。4.不定式作定语时，可置于名词或代词之后。e.g. He has some questions to ask. 他有些问题要问。这里的不定式与他所修饰的名词、代词结构。如果不定式是不及物动词的话，还需加上介词。e.g. Well have no rooms to live in tonight. 我们今晚将没有房间住。Leisure Time Unit 2 Lesson 2 The Moonlight Sonata.VOCABULARY1. music n. 音乐 listen to music 听音乐musical adj. 音乐的 n. 音乐剧musician n. 音乐家2. sudden adj. 突然的 all of the sudden = suddenly e.g. He suffered from sudden death. suddenly adv. 突然prep. + n.3. outside adv. 在外面 inside adv. 在里面 4.wish v. 祝愿 wish you a pleasant trip / good luck 祝你有一次美好的旅行/祝你好运 n. 表示“不能实现的愿望” wish 后的宾语从句必须接过去时 want 近 expect 近期 hope 长 （可以实现） wish 更长 （无法实现）wish = want sth. that seems impossible5.afford vt. 买得起，负担得起 (1) afford sth. I cant afford bike. 我买不起自行车。 (2) afford to do I cant afford to buy a bike. 我买不起自行车。 afford = have enough money or time to be able to do sth6. forget 遗忘 不能与表示“地点”的介/副词连用leave 遗忘 必须与表示“地点”的介/副词连用lose 遗失 不知道在哪里Leisure Time forget (1) todo 忘记要去做某事 （没做过） (2) doing 忘记了做的事 （已做） 口语：forget it 没事的forget = fall to remember7.to ones surprise 使某人惊奇的是8. through 穿过（中间）across 穿过（表面）e.g. go across the desert without water 在没有水的情况下穿过沙漠。 The wind blow across the water. 大风穿越了水。 The clouds moved across the sky. 云从天空中穿过。9. look up 1)抬头看，仰望e.g. He didnt look up when I entered. 当我进来时，他没有抬头看。 2)查阅e.g. Look sth up in a dictionary / a yellow page 在字典中 / 黄页中查阅内容 look up = raise ones eyes ,find sth. in a book10.old fashioned - fashioned(反义词)11.combine with 与相结合12.be popular with 受欢迎13. difficult adj. 困难的difficulty n. 困难14. surprise v. 使感到惊奇 n. 惊奇 surprised adj. 吃惊的 surprising adj. 使人吃惊的15. bright adj. 明亮的，聪明的Leisure Time brightly adv. 明亮地，聪明地16. begin v. 开始beginning n. 开始17. silence n. 寂静 silent adj. 寂静的 silently adv. 寂静地18. teenage adj. 十几岁的，青少年的teenager n. 青少年19. attract v. 吸引 attraction n. 吸引 attractive adj. 有吸引力的20. develop v. 发展 development n. 发展21. introduce v. 介绍 introduction n. 介绍22. different adj. 不同的 difference n. 不同点23. important adj. 重要的 importance n. 重要性24. change v. 变化 n. 变化 changeable adj. 多变的25. own adj. 自己的 owner n. 物主.TEXT1.one evening 一天晚上2.walking in a street 在一条街上走3.outside a small house 在一座小屋的外面4.hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人做某事Leisure Time 5.this piece of music 这首乐曲6.cant afford to buy 买不起7.tickets for the concert 音乐会的门票8.in the dim candle light 在昏暗的烛光下9.sitting at a piano 坐在钢琴旁10.make shoes by a table near her 在她旁边的桌子旁做鞋子11.to his surprise 使他惊喜的是12.play the music 弹奏音乐13.learn it by ear 用耳朵来学14.moon shine brightly through the window 月光从窗子里透进来15.look up to sky for a while 仰望了一会儿天空16.listen to him play the piano 听他弹钢琴17.lost themselves 使他们沉湎于18.write doen the new piece of music 写下这首新曲子19.Moonlight Sonata 月光奏鸣曲.READING1.rock music 摇滚音乐2.the most popular type of music 最流行的一种音乐3.begin in the U.S.A. 从美国开始4.in the early 1950s 在十九世纪五十年代早期5.at that time 在那时6.rhythm and blues 7.be popular with 受欢迎的8.started as 以作为起源9.copy the style 抄写节奏10.in the mid-1950s 在十九世纪五十年代中期11.attracted millions of teenage fans 吸引了几百万青少年歌迷12.in the early 1960s 在十九世纪六十年代早期13.by singing American style songsLeisure Time 14.have a very important influence on 对产生重要影响15.continu to do 继续做某事16.combine with A from B A与B相结合17.have ones own from .GRAMMAR1.在动词see,watch,feel,notice，以及使役动词let,make,have等后面的复合宾语中作宾语的不定式，要省略to。e.g. I often hear him sing in the next room. 我常听到他在隔壁房间里唱歌。2.在see,watch,notice,hear等动词后面有时用不定式，表示听到或看到动作的全过程；用时用带ing的分词，往往强调所到或看到正在进行着的动作。e.g. I saw them playing table tennis. 我看到他们在打乒乓球。 I saw them play table tennis. 我看到他们打乒乓球的。Leisure Time Unit 2 Lesson 3 Signing Up For Camp.VOCABULARY1.sign v. 签名e.g.I have some files to sign. 我有很多文件需要签名。Sign your name on my arm. 把你的名签在我的手上。 sigh up for sth = enter for 报名参加 take part in 参加活动 = join in activity / match（活动） join 参加组织 sb / army / team / party (join) singing group 参加合唱小组 (take part in) group singing 参加小组唱 attend 去看而不做 take exams 参加考试 n. 记号，标记2.experience n. （1）经验（不可数） （2）经历（可数） v. （1）经历过 experience sth. （2）体验过 experienced adj. 有经验的inexperienced adj. 无经验的e.g. Summer is an inexperienced teacher. 夏老师是一个没经验的老师。3.would rather 宁可，宁愿，最好 would rather do sth. than do sth. 宁愿做也不愿做 e.g. I would rather keep it a secret than tell you. 我宁愿把它作为一个秘密也不愿告诉你。prefer to do sth. rather do sth.= prefer doing sth. to doing sth.= prefer A to B4.on ones own = by oneself ; alone 独立的Leisure Time sth. of ones own = ones own sth. 某人自己的5.government 政府 some government officals 政府官员 army / police officer 军官 / 警官6. expensive adj. 太贵了- cheap 便宜（反义词）修饰物品expense n. 费用price 高低 （high / low）7. help outhelp sb. out 帮助某人克服困难8. weigh v. 称的重量weight n. 重量 overweight adj. 超重的9. French n. 法国人，法语 adj. 法国的Frenchman n. 法国人France n. 法国10. German n. 德国人，德语 adj. 德国的 Germany n. 德国11. Italian n. 意大利人，意大利语 adj. 意大利的 Italy n. 意大利12. variety n. 变化，种类 various adj. 各种各样的13. wait v. 等候 waiter n. 男服务员 waitress n. 女服务员.TEXT1.summer vacation = summer holiday 暑假Leisure