2010年中考英语单词分类复习策略7

精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创1/122010年中考英语单词分类复习策略22010年中考英语单词分类复习策略2二、冠词一知识概要冠词在英语中只有3个词,分为两类不定冠词A与AN,定冠词THE。A用在以辅音开始的单数名词前,AN用于以元音开始的单词前。不定冠词用来表示一类事物中泛指的某一事物,而定冠词则用于特指的某一个或某些事物,可用于不可数名词、可数名词单数及可数名词复数前。二正误辨析误THISBUILDINGISANUNIVERSITY正THISBUILDINGISAUNIVERSITY析A用于以辅音音素开始的单词前,而AN用于以元音音素开始的单词前,而不是元音字母开头的单词前。UNIVERSITY的第一个音素是J,所以用A而不要用AN。又如THEREISA“N“INTHEWORD是错句,应为THEREISAN“N“INTHEWORD因字母N的发音的第一个音素是元音。要注意的还有HOUR因其第一个字母H不发音,所以应该用ANHOUR。例如INEEDANHOURTOFINISHTHEWORKITISAUSEFULDICTIONARY精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创2/12ITISAEUROPEANCOUNTRYIBOUGHTAUSEDCAR误INEEDAUMBRELLABECAUSEITLOOKSLIKERAINING正INEEDANUMBRELLABECAUSEITLOOKSLIKERAINING析因UMBRELLA的第一个音素是元音,所以应用AN常用的情况有ANOLDMAN,ANENGLISHTEACHER,ANELEPHANT,ANIDEA,ANHOURAGO,ANHONESTBOY。误“CANYOUHELPME“SORRY,IMINHURRY“正“CANYOUHELPME“SORRYIMINAHURRY“析不定冠词的主要用法如下1用来表示一类人或事物,如SHEISATEACHER2指某一类人或事物中的一个,如ANELEPHANTISBIGGERTHANAHORSE3泛指某一人或事物,如AMANISWAITINGFORYOUATTHESCHOOLGATE4相当于“ONE“的概念,如IJUSTBOUGHTANEWDICTIONARY5其主要的难点是用在固定词组中如HAVEAWALK/AREST/ALOOK又如INAHURRY匆匆忙忙MAKEAFACE作鬼脸精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创3/12DOSOMEBODYAFAVOUR帮某人忙ANUMBEROFMANY又如HAVEAGOODTIME玩得好HAVEACOLD感冒HAVEAHEADACHE头痛HAVEABREAKHAVEAREST误IBOUGHTTHEDICTIONARYYESTERDAYADICTIONARYISVERYGOOD正IBOUGHTADICTIONARYYESTERDAYTHEDICTIONARYISVERYGOOD析在文章中第一次提到某物时用不定冠词,而第二次提到时用定冠词。误PLEASETURNOFFLIGHTSBEFOREYOULEAVE正PLEASETURNOFFTHELIGHTSBEFOREYOULEAVE析虽然是第一次提到某物但说话双方均知其所指,也应用定冠词。误THEREARENINEPLANETSAROUNDASUN正THEREARENINEPLANETSAROUNDTHESUN析世上独一无二的天体等名词前应加定冠词,如THEEARTH,THEMOON,THESUN,THESKY,THESEA误ILIVEONASECONDFLOOROFTHISBUILDING正ILIVEONTHESECONDFLOOROFTHISBUILDING精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创4/12析在序数词,形容词最高级前要用定冠词。如HEISTHEOLDESTINTHEFAMILY误IWANTTOLEARNTHESECONDLANGUAGETHISTERM正IWANTTOLEARNASECONDLANGUAGETHISTERM析在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二,而其意在于再学一个,再来一个时,应用A,本句的意思应为这学期我要学一门第二外语。误MISSISSIPPIISONEOFTHELONGESTRIVERSINTHEWORLD正THEMISSISSIPPIISONEOFTHELONGESTRIVERSINTHEWORLD析在河流名称前应加定冠词,如THEYELLOWRIVER黄河。误LOOK,THEREAREALP误LOOK,THEREARETHEALP正LOOK,THEREARETHEALPS析具体的某一座山不加定冠词,如MOUNTAINTAI但在山名称前加定冠词后,其山名要加S,来表示山脉。THEALPS即为阿尔卑斯山脉。如THEALPSAREINTHECENTEROFEUROPE误TIMESISONEOFTHEOLDESTNEWSPAPERSINTHEWORLD正精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创5/12THETIMESISONEOFTHEOLDESTNEWSPAPERSINTHEWORLD析报刊名称前应加定冠词。误RICHARENOTALWAYSHAPPY正THERICHARENOTALWAYSHAPPY析在形容词前加定冠词表示一类人,而在姓的前面加定冠词,姓后加S表示某一家,如THETURNERSAREGOINGTOMOVETONEWYORK误ILIKETOEATBREADFORBREAKFASTBREADSELLSINTHISSHOPISVERYGOOD正ILIKETOEATBREADFORBREAKFASTTHEBREADSELLSINTHISSHOPISVERYGOOD析物质名词特指时也应加定冠词。误THESUNRISESINEAST正THESUNRISESINTHEEAST析在方向、方位前应用定冠词,如INTHEEAST,INTHEWEST,INTHENORTH,INTHESOUTH,INTHEDIRECTION及INTHEPAST,INTHEFUTURE误DOYOUKNOWWHOINVENTEDTELEPHONE正DOYOUKNOWWHOINVENTEDTHETELEPHONE析在特定和专有事物或名称前要加定冠词,精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创6/12如THEENGLISHCHANNEL英吉利海峡THEPANAMACANAL巴拿马运河THESUEZCANAL苏伊士运河误WOULDYOUPLEASEBUYSOMEFOODFORTHESUPPER正WOULDYOUPLEASEBUYSOMEFOODFORSUPPER析泛指一日三餐前无定冠词。误ILIKETOCLIMBTHEMOUNTAININTHEAUTUMN正ILIKETOCLIMBTHEMOUNTAININAUTUMN析一年四季前不用定冠词,如SPRINGISTHEBESTSEASONINAYEAR误SOMETIMESMYPARENTSCOMETOSCHOOLTOSEEME正SOMETIMESMYPARENTSCOMETOTHESCHOOLTOSEEME析有些名词被用作其本身原来所含目的时不加冠词,如GOTOSCHOOL上学,LEAVESCHOOL辍学,AFTERSCHOOL放学,但如果当建筑物讲时应加冠词,如例句中其父母来校不是上学,而是看望孩子,则要加定冠词。又如,HEWASINHOSPITALFORTWODAYS他在医院住院两天了。而HEWENTTOTHEHOSPITALTOSEEHISMOTHER他去医院看望他的母亲。误IBOUGHTASAMEDICTIONARYASSHEBOUGHT正IBOUGHTTHESAMEDICTIONARYASSHEBOUGHT精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创7/12析在惯用法THESAME,THEONLY,THEVERY前的定冠词不可换为不定冠词。误THEPOLICECAUGHTTHETHIEFBYHISARM正THEPOLICECAUGHTTHETHIEFBYTHEARM析这是英文表达法与中文的明显不同之处,也是初学者极易忽视之处。在英语中的某些动词,如CATCH抓,TAKE拿,STRIKE打,PAT拍,HIT击,HOLD握,PULL拉动词后应加人,再加介词ON,BY,IN,WITH之后要加定冠词,再加人体的某一部位。这时的定冠词千万不要换作HIS,HER,THEIR,等词。误HEWASPAIDBYHOUR正HEWASPAIDBYTHEHOUR析BY和计量单位之间要有定冠词。这句话应译为他的工资是按小时计算的。误IWENTTONEWYORKBYHISCAR正IWENTTONEWYORKBYCAR正IWENTTONEWYORKINHISCAR析BY仅仅与交通工具相连表示应用某种工具,而加了别的修饰词后其前面的介词也应作相应的转换。如BYCAR坐小汽车BYTAXI坐出租车BYBIKE骑自行车BYWATER乘船BYAIR乘飞机BYSEA乘船误精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创8/12MARYBEGANTOLEARNHOWTOPLAYPIANOWHENSHEWASTHREE正MARYBEGANTOLEARNHOWTOPLAYTHEPIANOWHENSHEWASTHREE析在乐器前要加定冠词,而在球类游戏之前则不要加冠词,如THEYLIKETOPLAYBRIDGEWHENTHEYAREFREE他们空闲时爱打桥牌误THELITTLEBOYWANTEDTOGOTOCINEMA正THELITTLEBOYWANTEDTOGOTOTHECINEMA析英语中虽有一些名词与GOTO连用时不加定冠词,以表示该名词的内涵,如GOTOSCHOOL上学,GOTOBED睡觉等,但去看电影则例外,要用GOTOTHECINEMA这也是语言的一个特点。误ILIVEAT105THELAKESTREET正ILIVEAT105LAKESTREET析街道名称前不用冠词。误NEXTSUMMERHOLIDAYIWILLGOTOCOUNTRYTOLIVEONAFARM正NEXTSUMMERHOLIDAYIWILLGOTOTHECOUNTRYTOLIVEONAFARM析COUNTRY既作国家讲也作乡村讲。作乡村讲时,一定要加定冠词,而且只有单数形式,作国家讲时则可有复数形式。如精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创9/12JAPANISACOUNTRYJAPAN,CHINA,INDIAAREASIANCOUNTRIES误THEPICTURELOOKSBETTERATTHEDISTANCE正THEPICTURELOOKSBETTERATADISTANCE析ATADISTANCE意为“离开一定距离“。而INTHEDISTANCE为“远方,远处“。这样常用的词组有ASARULE照例INAHURRY匆忙INTHEMORNING/AFTERNOON上/下午INTHESUN在阳光下INTHERAIN雨中INTHESAMEWAY同样INTHESHADE在阴凉处INTHEDAYTIME白天INTHEEND最终ONTHEOTHERHAND换句话说ONTHECONTRARY相反误THELITTLEBOYANDGIRLWALKALONGTHESTREETAHANDINAHAND正THELITTLEBOYANDGIRLWALKALONGTHESTREETHANDINHAND析这是英语中的习惯用法,如BITBYBIT逐渐精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创10/12DAYAFTERBYDAY一天又一天DAYANDNIGHT日日夜夜FACETOFACE面对面FROMATOZ自始至终FROMTIMETOTIME再三HANDINHAND手拉手SHOULDERBYSHOULDER肩并肩三例题解析1MRLIIS_OLDWORKERAABANCSOMED/答案B析AN用于元音音素开始的单词前。2ENGLISHIS_USEFULLANGUAGEIN_WORLDAAN,THEBA,THECTHE,/D/,THE答案B析因USEFUL的第一个音素是J,它是辅音音素。3WHAT_INTERESTINGBOOKITISAABANCTHED/答案B析这是感叹句,因为移到原一般句前面的强调部分中有可数名词BOOK,所以应加冠词,而INTERESTING的第一音素是元音所以要加AN。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创11/124HEWILLBEBACKIN_HOURA/BTHECADAN答案D析因HOUR的首字母H不发音。5THEREIS_MAPINTHECLASSROOM_MAPISONTHEWALLAA,ABTHE,THECA,THEDTHE,A答案C析在文章中首次提到某人或某物时用不定冠词,而第二次再提到该物或人时应用定冠词。6LOOKAT_PICTURETHERES_HOUSEINITAA,ABTHE,THECA,THEDTHE,A答案D析虽然是第一次提到,但在句中的语言是让对方看某一特定的图画,所以应选择D。7THEREIS_O