SAT阅读真题及答案解析(二).docx

文都国际教育官方网站：/SAT阅读真题及答案解析（二）SAT考试真题是很重要的备考资料，那么，很早以前的真题资料还有参考性吗？其实大家可以先以最近真题为主，以前的真题资料为辅进行练习。下面文都国际小编为大家整理了一篇SAT阅读真题及答案解析，供大家参考。In the wake of the Industrial Revolution, when mass production became the pride and joy of nineteenth-century entrepreneurs, a fast-growing middle class reveled in the luxury of consumer goods, including jewelry, made available at economical prices. Prosperous segments of the population wanted to demonstrate their affluence, a development that provided a powerful stimulus to the jewelry industry in both Europe and the United States.在工业革命苏醒之际，大规模生产变成了十九世纪企业家的骄傲和自豪。快速发展的中产阶级让奢侈品变成了大众消费品。百姓中富裕的人们想要显示自己的富裕。而这一因素的存在也快速激励了美国及欧洲的珠宝行业。In this avalanche of mass production, many artists and artisans of the Arts and Crafts movement felt that the human touch, respect for materials, and the satisfaction of a fine finish were being lost. Jewelry, like other articles, was becoming impersonal, carelessly constructed, unimaginatively designed. Though labeled romantic and idealistic, some artists sought to produce individually conceived and executed pieces in workshop situations similar to those of medieval guilds. They wanted to produce, handmade jewelry from less-expensive materials for the general public, yet with the same care and commitment a court jeweler might apply to work for aristocratic clientele. In medieval times there had been artisans in towns and villages, working for ordinary people on a one-to-one basis; the adherents of the movement felt there was an urgency to return to this special relationship. It was considered particularly important that artists be involved to ensure the production of more meaningful objects, whether they be pottery, furniture, or, especially, jewelry. The material used in jewelry was prized for its decorative and symbolic effects, not for its intrinsic value. Rejecting the cluttered overornamentation of the past, artists influenced by Art Nouveau sought to draw popular interest away from machine-made products by incorporating more delicate and fluid natural formspeacock feathers, flower stalks, vine tendrils, even insect wings.在这个大规模生产的爆发中，在这场艺术手工变革的很多艺术家和手工制作者觉得人们内心的触动，对物质的高要求，和完成品的完美感都全部丢失。珠宝，就如同其它的商品一般，变得不再是个人化（而是大众消费化）变得粗糙的做工，乏味的涉及。尽管有些艺术家依然保留那些浪漫主义情怀和完美主义的心境，但是大多数的他们在工厂所造就的珠宝盒在那些中世纪的商会中所造的珠宝没什么两样。（这里强调这时候工厂的艺术者和中世纪的商会所造的珠宝都不好。）他们（应该指的是那些工作的艺术家）想要造出为大众设置的廉价材料的珠宝，但是一个皇家的珠宝设计师获取用同样的关注和承诺在为贵族做珠宝。在中世纪时期，在城市和村庄有很多手工制造者，为基层百姓工作。那些这种运动的执着者觉得很有必要回归这种原始的手工对应个人需要的关系。觉得非常重要的是：让艺术者确保产品的意义是很重要的，无论这个产品是瓷器，家具，还是珠宝。珠宝中所运用的材料为一只被赞誉它装饰性和象征性的效果而并不是内在的价值。艺术家反对过去风格中的复杂的过于装饰，他们受新艺术形式的影响追求优雅的自然形式来吸引大众，让大众原来大规模生存。1. According to the passage, mass-produced jewelry and that produced by followers of the Arts and Crafts movement were alike in that both细节题(A) could be made quickly oil a large-scale basis(B) could be custom-designed for a particular individual(C) were intended to be affordable(D) were as well crafted as the jewelry of the wealthy(E) were carefully marketed products分析：文章首句讲到made available at economical prices和第二段They wanted to produce, handmade jewelry from less-expensive materials for the general public都表示想让产品是能让大众消费得起的。2. For adherents of the Arts and Crafts movement, the guild concept represented 推理题(A) a vulgar distortion of artistic principles(B) a regressive throwback to medieval times(C) a practical means to realize their ideals(D) a symbol of the privilege that only royalty could enjoy(E) an innovative approach to manufacturing luxury items on a wide scale分析：此题属于难题。得确定题干中的adherents其实就是原文中的many artists and artisans of the Arts and Crafts movement。和some artists sought 。再看有guild 的句子：some artists sought to produce individually conceived and executed pieces in workshop situations similar to those of medieval guilds。从次句会发现这里将medieval guild 和workshop做了类别。那么medieval guild 和workshop具备同样是性质。At the same time, the Art Nouveau style was inspiring artists and artisans all over Europe, across the Atlantic and back again. Its flowing lines and graceful forms, drawing nature in its perfection and portraying idealized images, pervaded all areas of design, from fabrics and furniture to cutlery, as well as painting and sculpture. Born out of a direct opposition to unbridled mass production, Art Nouveau was intended to bring aesthetic values within the reach of the public and into functional areas. Perhaps it was in jewelry that Art Nouveau reached its pinnacle. Here the style represented a reaction against the imitation of styles from earlier periods and the emphasis given to precious stones. The material used in jewelry was prized for its decorative and symbolic effects, not for its intrinsic value. Rejecting the cluttered overornamentation of the past, artists influenced by Art Nouveau sought to draw popular interest away from machine-made products by incorporating more delicate and fluid natural formspeacock feathers, flower stalks, vine tendrils, even insect wings.与此同时，新艺术风格正在激烈整个欧洲的手工制造者和艺术家恢复过去的样子。完美的流线，优雅的格调，画出物质本来美的一面侵袭这这个设计风尚。这个风尚蔓延着从布料，到家具，到画幅，到雕塑。新艺术的产生是由于大规模生存的驱使，新艺术想将新的美学感注入一定领域。可能是在珠宝领域，让新艺术到底了顶峰。在这个领域的风格代表了反感模仿的反应。3. The author indicates that the designs of Art Nouveau objects were inspired by细节题(A) natural images(B) mythical figures(C) abstract ideas(D) functional objects(E) elaborate devices分析：第三段最后一句话draw popular interest away from machine-made products by incorporating more delicate and fluid natural formspeacock feathers, flower stalks, vine tendrils, even insect wings.表达是重自然现象中吸取创造灵感。4. (The material. value) indicate that the materials that were most highly prized for Art Nouveau jewelry were those that细节题(A) were the most convenient to obtain(B) were both fashionable and precious(C) had been treasured over the centuries(D) could be mass-produced economically(E) were beautiful and meaningful分析：有定位句子字面意思可理解prized for its decorative and symbolic effects是为美感。The ideals of the Arts and Crafts movement were in complete sympathy with the concepts of Art Nouveau, and artists and artisans implemented them in practical ways by forming small groups, guilds, and workshops in Britain, Germany, and Austria. Yet in spite of all efforts, the Arts and Crafts movement could not survive its lack of wide commercial appeal. Because the movement relied on an unaggressive and uncommercial approach to business, it never caught on with the people for whom its products were intended. Still, the movement produced far-reaching repercussions long after its untimely death. Its international associations, its ideals of artists involvement with the crafts, of the integrity of artists and artisans, and of social awareness were to inspire entire generations to come.艺术和手工运动和新艺术风的理念是一致的，艺术家们切实的