高考英语情景交际做题技巧.doc

l 情景交际学习内容：情景交际的技巧学习目标：情景交际题，是高考单项选择必考题型，也是各位考生经常弄错的题型，由于是英语对话中的情景交际，要求考生从英语应用角度，从英语交际习惯去考虑选择，而考生则由于缺乏英语口语的日常练习，做题时由于时间紧迫，又经常从中国的语言环境和习惯出发，造成一个简单的题目做错。本节课主要目标是讲解情景交际的解题技巧，并通过课堂练习，应用技巧，减少避免在实际考试中的失分。学习方法:技巧讲解-课堂训练-课后练习学习过程：1.复习回顾非谓语动词1) At present, English is the main subject _ here. A. to be taught B. being taught C. teaching D. to be teaching 2) -Who are those people with the banner? -A group _ itself the League for peace. A. calling B. calls C. called D. is called 3) The pen _ belongs to me. A. which it is on the table B. lying on the table C. is on the table D. which on the table 4) She said she had a important meeting _.A. to attend in B. to attend C. attend D. attending5) He is always the first _ questions.A. to answer B. answering C. to be answered D. being answered2.情景交际解题5大技巧：一忌上次下用;二忌中文思维三忌直接回绝;四忌答非所问五要结合语境弄清含义l 一忌上次下用上词下用指的是选项中答句部分延用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的“虚像”，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。而我们要避免上次下用的误区：一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目 二是确认句子上下文语境，三是确认正确的话语方式。 1. I wonder if I could use your telephone. _. （1996上海27） A. I wonder how B. I dont wonder C. Sorry, its out of order D. No wonder, here it is l 二忌中文思维中文思维与上词下用比较，这一误区更具迷惑力，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都非常符合中国学生的习惯。显然，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。我们解题失误之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的“负迁移”。在考试时一定不能想当然的套用中国文化模式违背英语国家的思维方式和文化习俗要重视学习关于外语交际规则和交际模式的明确知识，增强英语思维能力。这样才能防止中文思维定势的干扰和影响，形成正确英语思维方式。 1.Do you think its going to rain over the weekend?_（NMET 94,13） A.I dont believe B.I dont believe it C.I believe not so D.I believe not Id like to invite you to dinner tomorrow. Oh,no.Thatll be too much trouble. Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me. Please dont say so. Hi,havent seen you for ages!You look fine! Oh,no. l 三忌直接回绝直接回绝：主要是指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，回答过于直接，不够委婉，尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的，但不符合英语国家的交际习惯。应该要注重礼貌和合作优先原则“请求”方面的问 话有May I?/Can I?/I wonder if I could/Do you mind if I?等，“邀请”方面 的问话有Will you?/Would you like to?/Id like to invite to等。在作否定回答 时，为了表示礼貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉词，如but, Im afraid, Im sorry, thanks, please, had better等 “Would/Do you mind doing sth?” “Sorry, but I do.” “Sorry, but I wish you wouldnt.” “Sorry, but Id rather you didnt.” “Not at all.”1. Id like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr Smith. .A. Oh, no. Lets not B. Im very sorry, but I have other plans.C. Id rather stay at home. D. Oh, no. Thatll be too much trouble2. I didnt know this was a one-way street, officer. _ A. Thats all right. B. I dont believe you. C. How dare you say that? D. Sorry, but thats no excusel 四忌答非所问应该说答非所问的错误比较容易察觉，如果问话与答话的内容风马牛不相及的话，学生可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联，但仔细推敲发现其实答语并不切题。最典型的例子是With pleasure和Its a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答 ，表示“没问题，非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不必感谢，不用客气”。 1. Let me introduce myself. Im Albert What a pleasure Pleased to meet you2. Im sorry I broke your mirror. Oh,really? Its OK with me It doesnt matter策略：一、要掌握常用的功能意念会话项目， 特别是一些口语式的固定搭配二、要理解对话交际场合和交际意图，理出答题思路l 五要结合语境弄清含义之所以是情景交际，就是因为它是一种语境，是人与人的交流，因此结合语境，弄清对话所要表达的意思十分重要，如何把握语境含义可以从以下三个方面入手：利用有效的语境因，注意语言的衔接，言语含义1. Id like to take a weeks holiday. , were too busy. （全国卷 III ） A. Dont worry. B. Dont mention it C. Forget it D. Pardon me2.No, Im afraid he isnt in. This is his secretary speaking. Can I help you ? . (2004广东卷) A. Oh, you will. B. Oh, thats a pity . C. I should think so . D. Well. I look forward to hearing from you. 3. Do you think our basketballers played very well yesterday? _. A. They were not nervous at all B. They were still young C. They played naturally D. They couldnt have done better回答thank you回答thank you和sorry回答sorry1.Its a pleasure.2.You are welcome.3. My pleasure.4. Dont mention it1. Not at all.2. Thats all right.3. Thats OK.4. Its nothing.5. Forget it.6.No problem.1. It doesnt matter. 2. Never mind.l 常见搭配解析“Never mind”意为“没关系”“不要紧”,常应用于下列场合: 1) 回答对方的致歉Im sorry. I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. Never mind. You can have ours. 2) 回答对方的求助Sorry to trouble you. Never mind. What can I do for you? 3) 安慰对方 Did you watch the baseball match yesterday? No, I missed it. By the time I got there, it had already finished. Never mind. It was a boring match. 4）用来谢绝别人的提供，意为：不用啦；别费事啦。 Can I help you with it? 要我帮你做这事吗? Never mind. 别费心啦。Dont mention it不要简单的理解为别提了1）用来回答感谢或类似于感谢的句子，意为：不用谢；不客 气；不要这样说；哪里哪里。A：Thank you very much. B：Dont mention it. A：The film was wonderful. Thank you for inviting me.B：Dont mention it. Im glad you enjoyed it. 2） 用来回答道歉，意为：没关系。 A：I apologize for what I said. B：Dont mention it. Forget (about) it也并非只有简单的忘了它这一个意思1） 用来回答感谢，意为：算不了什么，不用谢了。A：Thanks a lot. B：Forget it. 2） 用来回答道歉，意为：没关系A：Im sorry for what I said. B：Forget it! I dont remember anyway. 3） 表示不想提及或无关紧要，意为：忘了它吧；别提了； 别放在心上A：How much do I owe you? B：Forget it. 4)表示不愿重复说过的话，意为：没什么；别提了。A：Sorry, what did you say? B：Oh，forget it.5)表示否定，意为：不行； 休想； 不可能； 别抱什么希望。A：Ill take the small truck. B：And leave me to drive the other one? Forget it. not really的常见意思1)表示轻微的否定，意为“不很”。A：Do you want to come along?B：Not really. 2)表示怀疑或不相信，意为“不会吧”“不见得”“不会是真的吧”A：They got married last month. B：Not really. 3)表示语气很强的否定，意为“真的没有”“的确没有”。A：Did you watch the news on TV last night? B：Not really. Come on的常见意思 1) 用来表示请求、鼓励、劝说等，意为：来吧；行啦。 Come on, Bill, you can tell me, I wont tell anybody. 2) 用来催促别人快走(做)，意为：快点。 Come on, its getting dark. Come on, Mr. Wang is waiting. 3) 表示责备或不耐烦，意为：得啦；行啦；够啦。Come on, dont sit there dreaming. Oh, Jane, come on, for goodness sake. 4) 用于挑战或激怒对方，意为：来吧；好吧；试试吧。Come on! Im not afraid of you.5) 用于体育竞赛等场合鼓励队员，意为：加油。 “Come on! Come on! ” shouted the audience again and again.Take it easy 与 Take your time在口语中，两者都含有别着急的意思，但在应用中却存在着一定差别，要注意区分，Take it easy主要是情绪上别紧张，放松些 ，Take your time 则是指行为动作上别慌张慢慢来1.Im afraid I cant finish the book within this week. Take your time. You cant always meet he deadlines.2.Take your time, and Im sure you will find a way out soon.课堂训练1 Excuse me, have you been to Japan? _.ANo, I dontBNeverCSorry, I cantDDont mention it2 My name is Jack Smith. _ Hi! Im Jackson.AHow do you do?BNice to meet you again.CHow about you?DHow are you?3Her grandpa passed away yesterday. _ .AHow do you like it?BHe was a kind man.CSorry to hear that.DWhat shall we do?4 Shall we go there next Sunday? _? To see the football match.AWhat withBWhat byCWhat forDWhat on5Is there anything I can do for you，sir？ _ APerhapsGo ahead BNoTake your time CYesYoure welcome DNot nowThanks anyway 6Everybody says you are a good student，you never fall asleep in class，do you？ _ AYes，sometimes BNo，I did CYes，never DYes，I didnt 7Sorry,I cant go camping with you. I have to prepare well enough for the entrance-exam._!We can camp together next time.ADont say soBCongratulationsC Good luck DNo problem课后练习1. Would you like to join us in the game?_, for I have something important to attend to. （2008福建） A. I will B. Id love to C. I wont D. Im afraid not2. The floor is dirty. Can anyone clean it? _I do it all the time. (2008陕西卷)A. Dont mention it. B. Why you? C. Not sure D. Not me again.3. May I ask a question after class, Sir? , but not during my lunch break. （2008重庆）A. Im sorry B. Anytime C. Certainly D. Go ahead4. I am afraid I cant return the book to you before Friday. . （2008重庆）A. Dont be afraid B. Be careful C. Not at all D. Take your time5. Do you mind if I record your lecture? _. Go ahead. （2008江苏卷） A. Never mindB. No wayC. Not at allD. No, youd better not6. I cant repair these until tomorrow, Im afraid. Thats OK, theres _.（2008江苏卷）A. no problemB. no wonderC. no doubtD. no worry7. I just cant stop worrying about the result of the job interview. _. Theres nothing you can do now but wait. （2008天津卷） A. Relax B. Go ahead C. Go for it D. Good luck8. How much do I owe you for lunch? _. Its nothing. （2008天津卷） A. Youre welcome B. Forget it C. With pleasure D. Thats right9. Lets go for a walk in the garden. _, but I need to do the washing-up. （2008四川卷） A. No, thank you B. Thats right C. Good idea D. Not at all10. Can you show me Mr. Jaffers office, please? _. But I dont know if he is in at the moment. （2008四川卷） A. Thanks B. Go on C. Sure D. You are welcome11. Say, Jane, will you come with me to the game Friday? _, Bob, but I promised Mary Id go with her. （2008山东）A. My pleasure B. Thanks C. Take it easy D. Forget it12. Do you know Annas telephone number? _. As a matter of fact, I dont know any Anna, either. （全国卷II）A. I think so B. Im afraid not C. I hope so D. Id rather not13. Could I ask you a rather personal question?Sure, _.（全国卷II）. pardon me B. go ahead C. good idea D. forget it14. Sorry, I made a mistake again._. Practice more and youll succeed. （2008全国卷1）A. Never mind B. Certainly not C. Not at all D. Dont mention it15. Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class? _,but I promised Nancy to go out with her.（2008全国卷1）A. Id like to B. I like it C. I dont D. I will16. Did you have a good time in Thailand last week? _.It was too hot.(2008辽宁卷)A. Not really B. Yes, why not C. Oh, great really D. Youre right17. My name is Jonathan. Shall 1 spell it for you? _.(2008辽宁卷)A. If you dont mindB. Not at all C. Take it easy D. Nice to meet you18. I think youd better type this letter again before Mr. Smith see it. Oh, dear!（2008江西卷）A. Who cares? B. No problem C. I dont mind at all D. Is it as bad as that?19. I have some big news for you. Youve been accepted as a member of our club. _ Thats great! （2008安徽卷） A. Have I ? B. Pardon? C. Congratulations! D. Good idea!20. Good evening. Huangshan Hotel. Good evening. _?（2008安徽卷） A. Do you still have a room for tonight B. What would you like, please C. Is there anything I can do for you D. Who is that speaking, pleaseZhao Wenxuan， a film star from Taiwan， has been fond of seeing films since his childhood. He would sometimes go to the cinema for the same film four or five times. He also enjoys literature and art. Before he took the film acting as his career， he had worked in an airline in Taipei， the capital of Taiwan Province. His change of job to acting was quite by chance.One day， he came across in the paper an advertisement for a leading actor to appear in the film named“Wedding Feast. ”Full of excitement， he answered the job ad by telephoning the director of the film Mr. Li An. It was this telephone call that had changed all his life. At last the director decided him to be the very person for the role. That he could be chosen owed much to his good command of English， natural manners and low pay for his work in the film.The film “Wedding Feast” proved to be a hit. It won the German Golden Bear Award and entered the competition for one of the Oscar Academy Awards. Also， it was the first Taiwan film that was permitted to be shown in the U. S. Thanks to the film， Zhao Wenxuan became popular in Taiwan， Hong Kong and southeast Asia.In 1994，Mr. Zhao acted as a leading role in the Hong Kong film， “Red Rose and White Rose”， in which many film stars like Ms Chen Chong from U. S. and Ms Ye Yuqing from the local area participated. This film was named for 10 prizes of the Taiwan Golden Horse Prize and at last it was awarded five prizes for the best play， actress and music. Zhao has regarded the film as one of his favorite films since he stepped into the acting circle.Since 1993，Mr. Zhao has taken part in the shootings of 13 films， most of which are thought highly of.Mr. Zhao said the that Taiwan should think to cooperate much with the mainland in the film producing industry and it would benefit each other. In recent years he often came to the mainland for film shooting. He has just completed his performance in the film“Love Affairs”directed by Mr. LiXin， a director from Shanghai Film Studio.60. Why could Zhao Wenxuan play the leading role in the movie“Wedding Feast”？