(中英双语)商务部召开2015例行新闻发布会.doc

商务部召开2015例行新闻发布会Regular Press Conference of Ministry of Commerce各位记者，大家新年好。今年第一次例行发布会在这里给大家发布，很高兴再次和大家见面。通报一些情况，并且回答大家的问题，今年这次发布会，因为是全年年度的盘点，所以通报的是全年的情况。Dear Friends from the Media, Happy New Year. Im glad to see you here at the first regular press conference of 2015. I would like to brief you on some information and answer your questions. The conference today is about the review of the whole year of 2014.一、 关于国内市场运行情况2014年国内消费市场运行总体平稳，全年实现社会消费品零售总额26.2万亿元，同比增长12.0%，扣除价格因素，实际增长10.9%，比上年同期分别放缓1.1个和0.6个百分点。据商务部监测，1-12月5000家重点零售企业销售额增长6.3%，较上年回落2.6个百分点。全年最终消费对GDP增长的贡献率达到51.2%，比上年提高3个百分点，成为拉动经济增长的主引擎。消费市场主要特点： I. Performance of Domestic MarketIn 2014, the domestic consumer market remained steady, and the retail sales of consumer goods in the whole 2014 reached 26.2 trillion yuan, up 12.0% year on year, and 10.9% with price factors excluded, 1.1 and 0.6 percentage points slower than that of 2013 respectively. According to the monitoring of the Ministry of Commerce, the sales of 5,000 major retail enterprises in January-December were up 6.3%, 2.6 percentage points slower than that of 2013. The final consumption of the whole year contributed 51.2% to GDP growth, 3 percentage points higher than that of 2013, becoming the main engine driving economic growth. Following are the main characteristics of the consumer market.一是网络零售保持高速增长。据国家统计局统计，全年网上零售额同比增长49.7%，达到2.8万亿元。根据商务部电子商务司测算，2014年电子商务交易额（包括B2B和网络零售）将达到约13万亿元，同比增长25%。（具体数据请参考2015年5月发布的电子商务白皮书）商务部监测的5000家重点零售企业中，网络零售增长33.2%，比上年加快1.3个百分点。专业店、超市和百货店分别增长5.8%、5.5%和4.1%，比上年分别回落1.7、2.8和6.2个百分点；购物中心虽增长7.7%，但也比上年放缓4.5个百分点。 1. Online retail kept a rapid growth. According to the statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics, the online retail sales of 2014 were up 48.7% year on year, reaching 2.8 trillion yuan. According to the calculation of the Department of Electronic Commerce and Information of the Ministry of Commerce, the volume of business transaction in 2014 (including B2B and online retail) would reach about 13 trillion yuan, up 25% year on year. (Detailed data in the White Paper of Electronic Commerce which will be issued in May,2015). Among the 5000 major retail enterprises monitored by the Ministry of Commerce, online retail was up 33.2%, 1.3 percentage points higher than that of 2013, and that of special stores, supermarkets and department stores were up 5.8%, 5.5% and 4.1% respectively, 1.7, 2.8 and 6.2 percentage points slower than that of 2013; that of shopping malls were up 7.7%, but 4.5 percentage points slower than that of 2013.二是通讯类、文体类商品增长加快。4G通讯快速普及，激发手机更新换代需求，限额以上单位全年通讯器材销售额同比增长32.7%，比上年加快12.3个百分点。商务部监测的5000家重点零售企业中，文化办公、体育娱乐用品销售额分别增长5%和4.7%，比上年分别加快6.3和5.6个百分点。 2. Growth of communication and culture and sports products sped up. The rapid popularization of 4G communication stimulated the demands for upgrading of cell phones. In 2014, sales of communication equipment of units above the designated size were up 32.7% year on year, 12.3 percentage points higher than that of 2013. Among the 5,000 major retail enterprises monitored by the Ministry of Commerce, sales of cultural and office products and sports and recreation products were up 5% and 4.7% respectively, 6.3 and 5.6 percentage points higher than that of 2013.三是汽车消费保持平稳增长。据中国汽车工业协会统计，2014年乘用车销售量达1970万辆，同比增长9.9%，较上年放缓5.8个百分点。新能源汽车市场良好，全年销售约7.5万辆，增长3.2倍。中国品牌乘用车销量增长4.1%，增幅比上年回落7.3个百分点，市场份额较上年下降2.1个百分点。中国汽车流通协会数据显示，2014年前11个月二手车交易545万辆，增长16.7%。 3. Automobile consumption maintained a steady growth. According to the China Automotive Industry Association, sales of passenger vehicles in 2014 reached 19.7 million, up 9.9% year on year, 5.8 percentage points slower than that of 2013. The market of new energy cars enjoyed a good trend, with the sales of 75,000 in the whole year, up 3.2 times. Sales of passenger cars of Chinese brands were up 4.1%, 7.3 percentage points slower than that of 2013, and 2.1 percentage points slower in terms of market share. According to the statistics of the China Automobile Dealers Association, transaction of second-hand cars in the first 11 months of 2014 reached 5.45 million, up 16.7%.四是大众化及服务类消费升温。大众化餐饮不断升温。全年餐饮收入增长9.7%，其中，限额以下企业增长13.2%，高出限上企业11个百分点。文化旅游需求旺盛，全年电影总票房296.4亿元，增长约36.2%；全年旅游总收入约3.25万亿元，增长11%，出境旅游首次突破1亿人次。 4. Mass consumption and service consumption heated up. Mass catering continuously heated up. The revenues of catering in the whole 2014 were up 9,7%, among which, that of enterprises under the designated size up 13.2%, 11 percentage points higher than that of enterprises above the designated size. Cultural tourism was in great demand, and the film box office of the whole year reached 29.64 billion yuan, up about 36.2%; the whole revenues of tourism were about 3.25 trillion yuan, up 11%, and the number of outbound travelers surpassed 100 million for the first time.五是消费价格基本平稳。2014年全国居民消费价格总水平上涨2%，比上年同期回落0.6个百分点，其中12月份上涨1.5%。据商务部监测，36个大中城市食用农产品价格全年上涨0.7%，其中，12月下降0.1%，已连续4个月负增长，降幅较上月收窄1.8个百分点，猪肉、羊肉、菜籽油价格同比分别下降10%、4.2%和2.9%，鸡蛋、食盐、水果分别上涨11.4%、8.7%和8.1%。 5. Consumer prices remained steady. CPI in 2014 was up 2%, 0.6 percentage points slower than that of the same period of 2013, and that of December was up 1.5%. According to the monitoring by the Ministry of Commerce, in 36 large and medium-sized cities, prices of agro-foodstuff went up 0.7% in the whole year, among which, that of December was down 0.1%, witnessing negative growth for four consecutive months, and 1.8 percentage points slower than that of November. Prices of pork, mutton and rapeseed oil were down 10%, 4.2% and 2.9% respectively, and those of egg, salt and fruit were up 11.4%, 8.7% and 8.1% respectively.六是市场秩序进一步规范，消费环境逐步改善。2014年，商务部通过电视购物专项整治，查处违法电视购物广告691件、违法网站265个，关停16家非法购物频道。违法违规电视购物广告数量下降了83.9%。建设肉菜、中药材流通追溯体系，实现每天对3万多吨300余种产品的信息化可追溯管理，受益人口超过4亿，强化了市场管理，提振了消费信心。 6. Market order was further standardized and the consumption environment was gradually optimized. In 2014, through the special campaign to rectify TV shopping, the Ministry of Commerce investigated and dealt with 691 cases and 265 websites that violated laws and rules, and closed 16 illegal shopping channels. The number of TV shopping advertisements violating laws and rules was down 83.9%. The Ministry of Commerce constructed the circulation traceability system of meat, vegetable and traditional Chinese medicinal materials, realizing the information traceability management of 30,000 tons of products in 300 varieties and benefiting more than 400 million people, which strengthened market management and boosted consumption confidence.二、 关于对外贸易情况据海关统计，2014年，我国进出口总值26.43万亿元人民币，同比增长2.3%，其中出口14.39万亿元，增长4.9%，进口12.04万亿元，下降0.6%，贸易顺差2.35万亿元，扩大45.9%。按美元计，2014年我国进出口总值4.30万亿美元，同比增长3.4%，其中出口2.34万亿美元，同比增长6.1%,进口1.96万亿美元，同比增长0.4%。贸易顺差3824.6亿美元，同比扩大47.3%。在剔除2013年套利贸易垫高基数因素后，全国进出口同比实际增长6.1%，出口增长8.7%，进口增长3.3%。2014年全年进出口运行情况主要有以下特点： II. Foreign TradeAccording to Customs figures, Chinas total import and export in 2014 reached 26.43 trillion yuan, up 2.3% year on year. Export was 14.39 trillion yuan, up 4.9%, and import 12.04 trillion yuan, down 0.6%. Trade surplus was 2.35 trillion yuan, up 45.9%. In terms of the U.S. dollar, the total import and export of 2014 reached US$ 4.30 trillion, up 3.4% year on year, among which, export was US$ 2.34 trillion, up 6.1%, and import US$ 1.96 trillion, up 0.4%. Trade surplus was US$ 382.46 billion , up 47.3% year on year. Excluding the factor that the cardinal number was bolstered by interest arbitrage in 2013, import and export enjoyed a real growth of 6.1%, among which, export up 8.7% and import up 3.3%. The main characteristics of import and export in 2014 are as follows:一是第一货物贸易大国地位巩固。从全球范围看，2014年全球贸易预计仅增长2%左右。1-11月美国进出口增长3%，欧盟和日本分别下降0.5%和2.5%。而我国外贸增速明显高于全球的平均增速，第一货物贸易大国地位进一步巩固。预计全年我国出口占全球份额达12.2%左右，较2013年提高0.5个百分点。 1. Chinas status as the largest goods trader was consolidated. Internationally, the global trade in 2014 increased only about 2%. In January-November, the EU and Japan decreased 0.5% and 2.5%, respectively. The growth of Chinas foreign trade was obviously higher than the average growth of the world, further consolidating the status as the largest goods trader. It is estimated that Chinas export accounted for 12.2% of the whole world in 2014, 0.5 percentage points higher than that of 2013.二是外贸对经济增长贡献突出。在国内经济下行压力加大的情况下，外贸对经济增长起到了重要的支撑作用。按支出法核算，2014年前三季度，货物和服务净出口对国内生产总值增长的贡献率达10.2%，预计全年贡献率将在10.5%左右，创2008年以来最高水平。 2. Foreign trade contributed a lot to the economic growth. With the increasing pressure of downward domestic economy, foreign trade played an important supporting role to the economic growth. Calculating according to the expenditure approach, in the first three quarters of 2014, net export of goods and services contributed 10.2% to the growth of GDP, and the contribution of the whole year was estimated to reach 10.5%, the highest since 2008.三是一般贸易占比持续上升。全年一般贸易进出口2.31万亿美元，增长5.3%，占全国进出口总额的53.8%，较2013年提高1个百分点，比重连续两年提高。加工贸易进出口1.41万亿美元，增长3.8%，增速较2013年加快2.7个百分点。 3. The proportion of general trade continued to increase. The import and export of general trade of the whole year reached US$ 2.31 trillion, up 5.3%, accounting for 53.8% of the national total, 1 percentage point higher than that of 2013, increasing for two consecutive years. Import and export of processing trade reached US$ 1.41 trillion, up 3.8%, 2.7 percentage points higher than that of 2013.四是贸易伙伴更趋多元。开拓新兴市场取得新成效，全年我国与发展中国家进出口比重较2013年提高0.4个百分点，其中，对东盟、印度、俄罗斯、非洲、中东欧国家等进出口增速均快于整体增速。实施自贸区战略效果明显，不含港澳台地区的其他17个自贸伙伴在我国出口总额的占比较2013年上升0.6个百分点。对发达国家市场保持稳定增长，全年对欧盟和美国进出口分别增长9.9%和6.6%。 4. Trade partners were more diversified. We have gained new achievements in exploiting emerging markets. The proportion of import and export with developing countries in 2014 increased 0.4 percentage points, among which the growth of import and export with ASEAN, India, Russia, Africa and central and eastern European countries were all above the overall growth. The FTA strategy gained obvious effect, the proportion of 17 FTA partners excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in Chinas total import and export increased 0.6 percentage points than that of 2013. Trade with developed countries maintained a steady growth, and the import and export with the EU and the U.S. increased 9.9% and 6.6% respectively.五是商品结构继续优化。工业制成品占出口总额的95.2%，较2013年提高0.1个百分点，占比连续三年提高。装备制造业成为出口的重要增长点，铁路机车、通信设备出口增速均超过10%。七大类劳动密集型产品出口4851亿美元，增长5%。生物技术产品、航空航天技术产品、计算机集成制造技术产品等高新技术产品进口增速均在15%以上。消费品进口1524亿美元，增长15.3%，占进口总额的7.8%，较2013年提高1个百分点。 5. The commodity structure continued to be optimized. Export of manufactured goods accounted for 95.2% of the total export, 0.1 percentage points higher than that of 2013, increasing for three consecutive years. The equipment manufacturing industry has become an important growth point of export, and the export of both railway locomotives and communication devices increased over 10%. The export of seven kinds of labor intensive products reached US$ 485.1 billion, up 5%. Exports of high-tech products including biotechnology products, aerospace engineering products and computer integrated manufacturing goods were all above 15%. The import of consumer goods was US$ 152.4 billion, up 15.3%, accounting for 7.8% of the national total, 1 percentage point higher than that of 2013.六是中西部地区对增量贡献首次过半。中西部地区进出口保持较快增长，其中，中部地区进出口3127亿美元，西部地区进出口3344亿美元，分别增长10%和20.5%，中西部地区合计对整体进出口增量贡献60.3%，贡献率首次超过东部。东部地区进出口3.66万亿美元，增长1.6%，占全国进出口总额的85%，较2013年下降1.5个百分点。 6. Contributions of central and western China to the growth were above 50% for the first time. The import and export of central and western regions maintained a rapid growth, among which, the import and export of the central region reached US$ 312.7 billion, and the western region US$ 334.4 billion, up 10% and 20.5% respectively, all contributing 60.3% to the total export growth, and exceeding the eastern region for the first time. The import and export of the eastern region reached US$ 3.66 trillion, up 1.6%, accounting for 85% of the national total, 1.5 percentage points slower than that of 2013.七是贸易条件明显改善。在国内工业品和国际大宗商品价格普遍下跌的情况下，全年进口商品价格指数下降3.3%，而出口商品价格指数仅下降0.7%，贸易条件连续第三年改善。重要能源资源产品进口价格走低，节约了大量外汇支出，仅原油、铁矿砂、铜矿砂、铜材、橡胶、化肥、大豆和谷物8种商品就少支出约485亿美元。 7. Trade conditions obviously improved. Under the situation that prices of domestic industrial products and international staple commodities all slumped, the import commodity price index of the whole year was down 3.3%, while the export commodity price index only decreased 0.7%. Trade conditions were optimized for three consecutive years. Import prices of important energy resources products declined, which saved a great amount of foreign exchange expenditures. Expenses on crude oil, iron ore, copper ore, copper products, rubber, chemical fertilizers, soybean and grain were reduced US$ 48.5 billion.八是民营企业成为稳增长的主力军。全年有进出口实绩的民营企业占外贸企业总数的比重超过70%，较2013年提高1.6个百分点。民营企业进出口1.57万亿美元，增长5.3%，占全国进出口总额的36.5%，较2013年提高0.6个百分点，对整体进出口增量贡献55.9%。国有企业进出口7475亿美元，下降0.2%，连续三年负增长。外资企业进出口1.98万亿美元，增长3.4%。 (2015-01-21 10:21:40)8. Private enterprises have become the main force of stabilizing growth. In 2014, private enterprises that have actual performance on import and export accounted for 70% of the total number of foreign trade enterprises, 1.6 percentage points higher than that of 2013. The import and export of private enterprises reached US$ 1.57 trillion, up 5.3%, accounting for 36.5% of the total import and import, 0.6 percentage points higher than that of 2013 and contributing 55.9% to the total growth of import and export. The import and export of state-owned enterprises reached US$ 747.5 billion, down 0.2%, seeing a negative growth for three consecutive years. The import and export of foreign-invested enterprises reached US$ 1.98 trillion, up 3.4%.三、 关于吸收外资情况2014年全年，外商投资新设立企业23778家，同比增长4.4%；实际使用外资金额7363.7亿元人民币。按美元计，实际使用外资金额1195.6亿美元，同比增长1.7%（未含银行、证券、保险领域数据，下同）。12月当月，外商投资新设立企业2482家，同比增长6.1%；实际使用外资金额818.7亿元人民币，按美元计，实际使用外资金额133.2亿美元，同比增长10.3%。全年吸收外资有以下特点： III. Foreign Investment in ChinaIn 2014, a total of 23,778 foreign-funded enterprises were approved, up 4.4% year on year, with actually utilized FDI of 736.37 billion yuan. In terms of US dollar, the actually utilized FDI reached US$119.56 billion, up 1.7% year on year (excluding data of banking, securities and insurance). In December, a total of 2,482 foreign-funded enterprises were approved, up 6.1% year on year with actually utilized FDI of 81.87 billion yuan. In terms of US dollar, the actually utilized FDI reached US$13.32 billion, up 10.3% year on year. The main characteristics of foreign investment in 2014 are as follows:一是利用外资规模稳中有进。2014年实际使用外资1195.6亿美元，同比增长1.7%，高于美国、欧盟、俄罗斯、巴西等主要经济体，连续23年保持发展中国家首位。 1. The scale of the utilization of FDI was steadily improved. In 2014, the actually utilized FDI reached US$119.56 billion, up 1.7% year on year, higher than that of major economies like the U.S., the EU, Russia and Brazil, taking the lead among the developing countries for 23 consecutive years.二是主要国家/地区对华投资总体保持稳定。2014年实际投入外资金额排名前十位的国家/地区（香港、新加坡、台湾省、日本、韩国、美国、德国、英国、法国、荷兰）合计投入1125.9亿美元，占全国实际使用外资金额的94.2%，同比增长2.7%。其中，韩国和英国对华投资增长较快，实际投入金额分别为39.7亿美元和13.5亿美元，同比增长29.8%和28%。内地与香港经贸关系更加紧密。2014年香港对内地投资额占内地吸收外资总额的68%，高出历年累计比重18.7个百分点。 2.Investment from major countries and regions maintained steady growth. In 2014, the actual FDI in the Chinese mainland from the top 10 investors (Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, Japan, the ROK, the U.S., Germany, the UK, France and the Netherlands) amounted to US$ 112.59 billion, accounting for 94.2% of the total, up 2.7% year on year. Among others, the investment from the ROK and the the UK was US$ 3.97 billion and US$ 1.35 billion respectively, up 29.8% and 28% year on year respectively. The mainland has sustained closer economic relations with Hong Kong. Investment from Hong Kong took up 68% of the Mainlands total absorption of FDI, 18.7 percentage points higher than that of the combined investment over the years.三是结构进一步优化。服务业吸收外资占比上升，达到55.4%，高出制造业22个百分点，达662.3亿美元，成为吸收外资新增长点。资金密集度进一步提升。2014年新设企业平均合同外资金额812万美元，比2013年（713万美元）提高13.9%。外资区域布局日趋合理。在外向型产业转移的带动下，中部地区吸收外资增长7.5%，实际使用外资金额占比升至9.1%。中西部地区实际使用外资占比为18.1%，比2013年提高了0.5个百分点。 3.The structure was further optimized. Utilized FDI in the service sector took a higher percentage of 55.4% with US$66.23 billion, 22 percentage points higher than that of the manufacturing industry, being a new growth point of attracting FDI. The capital density was further improved. In 2014, the average contract value of foreign capital of the newly-established enterprises amounted to US$8.12 million, 13.9% higher than that of 2013 (US$7.13 million). The regional layout of foreign capital grew to be reasonable. Driven by export-oriented industries, the absorption of FDI in central China increased by 7.5% and actually utilized FDI in central China rose to 9.1% . The actually utilized FDI in central and western China accounted for 18.1%, 0.5 percentage points higher than that of 2013.四是各项改革取得明显成效。注册资本登记制度改革促进外商投资企业在内的市场主体数量显著增长。2014年新设外商投资企业2.38万家，同比增长4.4%，扭转了自2012年以来连续两年下降的局面。自贸试验区试点取得重大阶段性成果。大力推进上海自贸试验区建设，建立了“准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理”外资管理模式，提高了投资便利化水平，极大激发市场投资热情。2014年上海自贸试验区合同外资金额约占上海市的三成，金融、文化等自贸试验区扩大开放措施引领上海市引资快速增长，服务业利用外资占比超过九成。 4. Remarkable achievements made in reforms. Reforms on the registration of registered capital system have promoted a remarkable increase of the number of market players including foreign-funded enterprises. In 2014, 23,800 newly-established foreign-funded enterprises were approved, up 4.4% year on year, reversing the situation of two consecutive years decline since 2012. Major phased fruits have been made in FTA pilots. Great efforts have been made to enhance the construction of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone and establish a model of “pre-access national treatment together with a negative list”, improving the trade facilitation level and greatly mo