管道焊接标准(中英文对照版).doc

本文由ljj689贡献 doc文档可能在WAP端浏览体验不佳。建议您优先选择TXT，或下载源文件到本机查看。 HARD COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED 硬拷贝为非受控文件 STANDARD FOR PIPING WELDING 管道焊接标准 TABLE OF CONTENTS 目录 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.1 5.2 SCOPE 范围 Supplier RESPONSIBILITY 供货商职责 REGULATIONS 规则 CODES 规范 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS 参考规范 FABRICATION 制配 WELDING PROCESSES AND RESTRICTIONS 焊接方法和限定 FILLER METALS 填充金属 CLAD PLATE AND OVERLAY W ELDING 包层板和堆焊 WELD OVERLAY PROCEDURE QUALIFICATIONS 堆焊工艺评定 GENERAL W ELDING REQUIREMENTS 总的焊接要求 PREHEAT AND INTERPASS TEMPERATURE 焊前预热和层间温度 POST W ELD HEAT TREATMENT (PWHT) 焊后热处理 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS 补充要求 REPAIR 修补 BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR W ORKING DURING UNFAVORABLE W EATHER CONDITIONS 对工作期 间不适宜的气候条件的基本要求 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 6.12 INSPECTION AND TESTING 检验和试验 WELD QUALITY AND W ELD INSPECTION 焊缝质量和焊缝检查 VISUAL TESTING 外观检查 IN-PROCESS EXAMINATION 中间检查 GENERAL NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION (NDE) REQUIREMENTS 总的无损检验要求 MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING (MT) 磁粉检验(MT) LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING (PT) 液体渗透检验(PT) RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING (RT) 射线检验(RT) ULTRASONIC TESTING (UT) 超声波检验(UT) WELD HARDNESS TESTING 焊缝硬度试验 FERRITE CONTROL 铁素体控制 POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION (PMI) 精确材料鉴定 PIPE W ELDS: EXTENT OF EXAMINATION 管道焊接：检验范围 Page 2 of 37 14/10/10 7.0 REQUIREMENTS FOR SUPPLIER OR SUB-CONTRACTOR DOCUMENTS 对供货商 及分包商的文件要求 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 QA / QC Plan QA / QC 计划 WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATIONS (WPSS) 焊接工艺规定(WPSS) PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION RECORDS (PQRS) 工艺评定记录 WELD MATRIX TABLE 焊缝矩阵表 WELD MAPPING 焊缝图 NDE PROCEDURES 无损检验流程 PWHT PROCEDURES 焊后热处理流程 Page 3 of 37 14/10/10 带格式的: 项目符号和编号 格式的 1.01.0 SCOPE 范围 This standard covers the minimum welding requirements to be met for shop and field fabricated piping including piping components such as valves, weld overlayed flanges and piping specialty items. The requirements for the welding of piping which are supplied as part of an equipment package are outside the scope of this standard 该标准涉及车间及现场制配管道应予满足的最低的焊接要求，包括管件，诸如阀门、堆 焊法兰和某些管道专业内容，作为整套设备构成部分的管道的焊接要求不适用于该标 准。 带格式的: 项目符号和编号 格式的 2.02.0 SUPPLIER RESPONSIBILITY 供货商职责 Welding and other criteria covered by this standard shall meet or exceed the requirements of any codes and standards referenced herein or in the purchase specification. In case of conflict between the requirements of this standard and such codes, SECCO shall be consulted and a ruling in writing shall be obtained by the Supplier before any work is done. Some requirements in this standard may be modified by specific requirements in the purchase specification. In case of conflict, the specific requirements supersede this standard. 此标准所涉及的焊接和其他标准应满足或超过采购规范书或此文件所述的任何规范和标 准的要求，如果在该标准的要求和这样的规范发生冲突，应向 SECCO 进行咨询，并应 向供货商求取书面规则内容，然后方可进行任何工作。按照采购规范书中的特殊要求， 该标准中的一些内容可以被修改。但如有冲突，应以具体要求为主。 带格式的: 项目符号和编号 格式的 3.03.0 REGULATIONS 规则 This specification requires compliance with all chinese laws and regulations which may be applicable. The following documents, including applicable addenda, constitute a part of this standard as described herein. The referenced edition of these documents shall be that which is in effect as of the issue date of this specification. 该规范要求遵守中国所有适用的法律和规定。下面的文件包括所有适用附件，均为此标 准的组成部分。这些文件的参考版本在说明书的发行日期内有效。 带格式的: 项目符号和编号 格式的 3.13.1 CODES 规范 API American Petroleum Institute 美国石油协会 API 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities 管线及相关设施的焊接 ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers 美国机械工程师协会 Page 4 of 37 14/10/10 Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code 锅炉和压力容器规范 Section I Power Boilers 动力锅炉 Section II Part C Welding Rods, Electrodes and Filler Metals 焊条、电极和填充金属 Section V Non Destructive Testing 无损检验 Section VIII Pressure Vessels, Division I 压力容器，分类 I Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications 焊接和钎焊评定 B31.1 Power Piping 动力管道 B31.3 Chemical Plant and Refinery Process Piping 工艺管道 B31.4 Liquid Transportation Systems For Hydrocarbons, Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhydrous Ammonia and Alcohols 烃类、液化气、无水氨和酒精的液体输送系统 B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems 气体传输和分配管道系统 ASNT American Society for Non-Destructive Testing 美国无损检验协会 SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice 荐用惯例 ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials 美国试验和材料协会 E-10 Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness Test of Metallic Materials 金属材料布氏硬度标准试验方法 3.1.1 Non destructive examination, where required shall be performed in accordance with the following standards/codes. Page 5 of 37 14/10/10 无损检验依照下列标准/规范进行 METHOD 方法 Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) 磁粉检验 Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT) 液体渗透检验 Radiographic Testing (RT) 射线检验 Ultrasonic Testing (UT) 超声波检验 STANDARD 标准 ASME V, Article 7 ASME V, Article 6 ASME V, Article 2 ASME V, Article 5 Non-destructive examination for Pressure Vessel JB4730 有关压力容器的无损检验 3.1.2 Acceptance Criteria 验收标准 Acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with the applicable design code: ASME B31.3, ASME B31.1 or API 1104 for ASME B31.4 and ASME B31.8, Piping Systems. The design code is indicated in the SECCOs Engineering Standard SD-00-TSC-PP-0001 Piping Material. 验收标准应符合适用的设计规范，管道系统 ASME B31.3，ASME B31.1，API 1104 （ASME B31.4 和 ASME B31.8）设计规范已在 SECCO 工程标准 SD-00-TSC-PP-0001 管道材料中指明。 Chinese Codes: 中国规范： Code for Construction and Acceptance of Field Equipment, Industrial Pipe Welding Engineering - GB 50236-98 现场设备、工业管道焊接工程施工及验收规范-GB50236-98 Specification for construction and acceptance of hypertoxic and combustible medium piping engineering in petrochemical industry-SH3501 石油化工剧毒可燃介质管道工程施工及验收规范-SH3501 Page 6 of 37 14/10/10 Petrochemical Welding Procedure Between the Different Material SH 3526-92 石油化工异种材料焊接工艺-SH3526-92 Petrochemical Welding Procedure for The Low Temperature Material SH 3525 92 石油化工低温材料焊接工艺-SH3525-92 带格式的: 项目符号和编号 格式的 3.23.2 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS 参考规范 SD-00-TSC-PP-0001 SD-00-TSC-PP-0004 SD-00-TSC-MS-0027 Piping Materials 管道材料 Piping Fabrication Requirements 管道制作要求 Fabricated pipingPositive Materials Identification(PMI) 制配管道-精确材料鉴定(PMI) 带格式的: 项目符号和编号 格式的 4.04.0 FABRICATION 制配 带格式的: 项目符号和编号 格式的 4.14.1 WELDING PROCESSES AND RESTRICTIONS 焊接工艺和限定 The following welding processes are permitted: 以下焊接工艺是允许的： Shielded Metal-Arc Welding (SMAW) 手工电弧焊(SMAW) The SMAW process shall not be used for welding the root pass of groove welds welded from one side only, except for non-impact tested carbon steels (P-1), NPS 3 and greater. SMAW 工艺不应用于单面焊坡口根部焊道的焊接，但未作冲击试验的碳钢（P-1），NPS 3 及高于 NPS 3 的情况除外。 The maximum bead width shall be a nominal 3X the electrode core diameter, with a maximum of 5/8 (16 mm). 最大焊道宽度通常是焊芯直径的 3X 且最大值为 5/8 英寸（16mm）。 Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding (GTAW). 钨极气体保护电弧焊 The maximum bead width shall be 3/8 in. (10 mm). Page 7 of 37 14/10/10 最大焊道宽度 3/8 英寸（10mm） Submerged Arc Welding (SAW). 埋弧焊(SAW) Automatic submerged-arc welding (SAW-AU) with the following restrictions: 自动埋弧焊(SAW-AU)有如下限制： The application is not field fabricated piping. 应用在非现场安装的管道。 Flux used shall be neutral and shall not contribute alloying elements to the weld. 使用中性焊剂并且焊缝中不允许带有合金元素。 The maximum bead width shall be 7X the electrode diameter. 最大焊道宽度是焊条直径的 7 倍。 Gas Metal-Arc Welding (GMAW) - Short Arc and Globular Transfer 熔化极气体保护焊-短弧和粗滴过度。 The Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) Short-arc or globular transfer processes may ONLY be used subject to the following restrictions: 熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW)-短弧和粗滴过度的应用取决于下列限制内容： The application is ASME B31.3 piping. 适用于 ASME B31.3 的管道。 The application is shop fabricated piping. 适用于工厂预制管道。 The material is carbon steel (P-1). 材料为（P-1）的碳钢。 The maximum weld thickness is 0.375 in. (10 mm) where the process is used for fill and cap passes. This restriction does not apply to root welds. 当该工艺用于填充和正面焊道时，最大焊缝厚度为 0.375 英寸（10mm）。该限制不 适用于根部焊缝。 The minimum pipe diameter for piping butt weld joints is NPS 3 (75 mm). Page 8 of 37 14/10/10 管道对接焊接头最小管径为 NPS 3（75mm）。 The maximum bead width shall be 1/2 in. (13 mm). 最小焊道宽度为 1/2 英寸（13mm）。 The welding position shall be 1G rotated or 5G. 焊接位置为 1G（旋转）或 5G。 The GMAW short-arc process shall not be used for welding socket welds or the root pass of O-lets and branch connections. GMAW 短弧工艺不适用于承插焊、O 型管台和支管连接处的根部焊道。 GMAW short-arc tack welds shall not be incorporated into the root pass. GMAW 短弧定位焊缝不能并到根部焊道中。 At least five percent of the welds shall be 100 percent radiographed. 至少 5%的焊缝需进行 100%射线检验。 Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) and GMAW - Spray Transfer 管状焊丝保护电弧焊（FCAW）和 GMAW 喷射过渡 The flux cored-arc welding (FCAW) process, and GMAW process with spray transfer, may be used for P-1 through P-8 Group 1 materials, subject to SECCO approval in writing, provided: 管状焊丝保护电弧焊（FCAW）工艺和喷射过渡 GMAW 工艺，可以用于 P-1 至 P-8 的组 1 材料，但须经 SECCO 项目书面批准，假定： Service is not ASME B31.3 category M (as defined by SECCO). 介质为非 ASME B31.3 种类的材料（由 SECCO 确定）。 At least five percent of the welds shall be 100 percent radiographed or ultrasonically examined. 至少 5%的焊缝需 100%射线或超声波检验。 A shielding gas is employed and the transfer mode is not short-arc. 使用保护气体且过渡方式并非为短弧。 The maximum bead width shall be 3/4 in. (19 mm). Page 9 of 37 14/10/10 最小焊道宽度为 3/4 英寸（19mm） The FCAW process shall not be used for the root pass of single-sided joints. FCAW 工艺不适用于单面接头的根部焊道。 The application is for shop fabrication. 对工厂制配适用。 Plasma Arc Welding (PAW) 等离子弧焊接(PAW) Plasma-arc Welding (PAW) may be used for: 等离子弧焊接可以用于： 4.1.1 Hard surfacing, overlaying and fully automatic butt welding. 表面淬火、堆焊和全自动对接焊接。 For welding, Titanium, Zirconium, Hastelloy, Monel, Duplex stainless steel or other corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs). 该焊接对于钛、锆、铜-镍合金、双联不锈钢或其它抗腐蚀合金适用。 Welding processes other than those listed above require specific written approval by SECCO and shall not be assumed as acceptable by the Supplier during bid preparation. 除了以上所列出的焊接工艺外，其它工艺需要 SECCO 批准同意，并且不应假定在投标 书编制阶段已被供货商接受。 4.1.2 The following restrictions and limitations apply to all welding processes: 下面限制和限定将应用于所有焊接工艺： All welding processes shall be protected from wind, rain, and other weather conditions that can affect weld quality. 风、雨和其他影响焊接质量的气候，焊接必须采取保护措施。 Welding techniques shall be selected to ensure that specified tolerances for straightness and out-of-roundness are not exceeded. If such tolerances are not stated in the drawings, standards, or specifications, the applicable section of the relevant code shall govern. 焊接工艺的选择应确保直度及椭圆度的规定允差不被超出，如果该允差在图纸、标准或 说明书中未被规定，应以相关规范的适用部分为主。 Each pass shall be cleaned free of slag before the next pass is deposited. Each weld layer shall be visually free of slag inclusions, cracks, porosity and lack of fusion. Page 10 of 37 14/10/10 下一焊道焊着之前每一焊道应进行熔渣清理。通过外观检查每一焊层都不允许有夹渣、 裂纹、气孔及未熔现象。 Vertical welds not completely removed by backgouging shall be performed vertically up, unless specifically approved by SECCO. 固定垂直焊接可以进行仰焊，除非经 SECCO 批准。 4.1.3 The following limitations shall apply when welding aluminum: 焊接铝材时应遵守下列限定： The electrode classification shall be shown in the welding procedure specification (WPS) and shall be considered an essential welding variable. 焊条分类应出示在焊接工艺规定(WPS)中并作为一个基本的焊接变量。 For all processes, the welding procedure specification (WPS) shall contain a detailed cleaning procedure indicating joint preparation prior to welding. All full-penetration joints shall be back purged with high grade argon or helium. 对所有工艺，焊接工艺规定(WPS)应含详细清理规定、并指明焊前接头制备情况。所有 全渗透接头应用高标号氩或氦气进行背部保护。 带格式的: 项目符号和编号 格式的 4.24.2 4.2.1 FILLER METALS 填充金属 Use filler metal that is similar with respect to chemistry, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the base metal being welded. 所用填充金属应与被焊基材的化学性质，抗腐蚀性及机械特性相似。 4.2.2 Filler metals shall conform to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II, Part C and relevant Chinese Standard. Requests to use filler metals manufactured to other standards must be in writing and approved by SECCO prior to use. Supplier shall submit chemical and mechanical properties with the request for approval. 填充金属应符合 ASME 锅炉和压力容器规范第三部分第二节及相关中国标准的规定。要 求使用其它标准的填充金属时，应提出书面申请，并应在使用前取得 SECCO 的批准。 供货商提出书面申请时，应附有该金属的化学及机械特性说明。 4.2.3 For welding carbon steels by the SMAW process: 如用 SMAW 工艺焊接碳钢则： ASME IX QW 430 F-1 and F-2 electrodes shall be used for non-pressure fillet welds only. ASME IX QW 430 F-1 and F-2 焊条仅用于非受压的填角焊缝。 For pressure welds, F-4 (low-hydrogen) electrodes shall be used for weldout. F3 (E6010) may be used for welding the root pass of non-impact tested carbon steel (P1) for NPS 3 and larger. 对承压焊缝，F-4（低氢）焊条应用于焊接。F-3（E6010）可用于未作冲击试验的碳钢 （P-1）的根部焊道，NPS 3 及高于 NPS 3 的情况 Page 11 of 37 14/10/10 4.2.4 When joining two different ferritic steels, or when joining ferritic to martensitic steels, the filler metal shall conform to the nominal chemistry of either base metal. However, for attaching non-pressure parts to pressure parts, the filler metal chemistry shall match the nominal chemistry of the pressure part. 连接两种不同的铁素体钢或连接铁素体钢与马氏体钢时，填充金属应符合两种基材的正 常化学成分。但在连接非承压与承压部件时，填充金属化学成分应与承压部件化学成分 相匹配。 4.2.5 ASME Type 347 filler metal shall be used for welding Type 321 stainless steel material. ASME 标准 347 型填充金属应用于焊接 321 型不锈钢材料。 4.2.6 ASME Type 308L filler metal shall be used for welding Type 304L. ASME TP308L 型填充金属应用于焊接 TP304L 材料。 4.2.7 For joining austenitic stainless steel or nickel-base alloys to ferritic steels, use filler material selected from the following: 对于奥氏体不锈钢或镍基合金钢与铁素体的连接，填充金属从下表选择： DESIGN TEMPERATURE 设计温度 600F (315C) 600F (315C) and 1000F (537C) 1000F (537C) FILLER METAL 填充金属 Type 309L Inconel 82 (SFA 5.14 ERNiCr-3) or Inconel 182 (SFA 5.11 ENiCrFe-3) Inconel 82 (SFA 5.14 ERNiCr-3) or Inco-Weld “A” (SFA 5.11 ENiCrFe-2) 4.2.8 Dissimilar Metal Welds (ferritic to austenitic P1 to P8) are not permitted on pressure parts in hydrogen services or in wet sour services, as defined by SECCO. SECCO 规定：异种金属焊接不得用于（铁素体与奥氏体钢-P1 到 P8）氢介质或湿酸性 介质承压部件。 4.2.9 Do not use Type 310 filler material except for welding Type 310 to Type 310. 除将 TP310 焊接到 TP31 上外，不得使用 TP310 填充金属。 4.2.10 Storage and handling of all filler metals and fluxes shall be strictly in accordance with the manufacturers recommended practice. 所有填充金属和焊剂的贮藏和运输必须严格按照制造商的规定。 带格式的: 项目符号和编号 格式的 4.34.3 CLAD PLATE AND OVERLAY WELDING 包层板和堆焊 Page 12 of 37 14/10/10 4.3.1 When alloy overlay protection is specified, the depth of the required composition of overlay shall be 5/64 in. (2.0 mm) minimum. Weld overlay shall consist of at least two layers. For austenitic stainless steel overlay, Type 309L filler metal shall be used for the first layer. Matching electrodes shall be used for subsequent layer(s). Certain welding procedures may be capable of attaining the required thickness and chemical composition with one layer. In which case, prior written approval for use of a onelayer technique shall be obtained. 规定进行合金堆焊保护时，所需复合堆层高度最低为 5/64 英寸（2.0mm）。堆焊应至少 两层。对奥氏体不锈钢堆焊，第一层使用 TP309 填充金属。后面的层使用匹配的焊条。 某些焊接工艺可以在第一层达到要求的厚度和化学组成，在此情况下，如只使用一层工 艺，则须事先取得书面批准。 4.3.2 Weld overlays, both automatic & manual, shall be liquid penetrant examined in accordance with ASME Section VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 8. 自动和手工堆焊需要按照 ASME 第 VIII 部分第 1 章，附件 8 进行液体渗透检验。 带格式的: 项目符号和编号 格式的 4.44.4 4.4.1 WELD OVERLAY PROCEDURE QUALIFICATIONS 堆焊工艺评定 Procedure qualifications for weld overlay deposits shall include complete chemical analysis of the overlay, procedure qualification record. Specimens for chemical analysis shall be taken at a depth of the specified overlay thickness below the finished deposit surface, in no case shall this depth be less than 5/64” (2.0mm). The weld metal chemical composition shall be within the range specified for the welding electrode used. Monel overlays shall have a maximum iron content of 3.5 percent. 堆焊工艺评定包括对堆焊层进行化学分析，工艺评定记录等。化学分析样应取自最终焊着 表面下规定的堆焊厚度处，且应不少于 5/64 英寸（2.0mm）。焊接金属化学成分应在规 定使用的焊条成分范围内。蒙乃尔铜-镍合金堆焊的最大的铁含量为 3.5% The procedure qualifications tests shall include: 工艺评定试验包括： Dye penetrant examination of the completed weld 焊缝着色渗透检查 Testing and acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with ASME Section IX. 试验及验收标准应符合 ASME 第 IX 部分 4.5 4.5.1 GENERAL WELDING REQUIREMENTS 总的焊接要求 Prior to welding the root or tack welding, pipe ends shall be closed to reduce internal drafts ?. Tack welds shall be made by qualified welders. Tack welds to be incorporated in the final weld shall be cleaned and prepared (ground) at botheach ends. Tack welds shall be made with the same preheat and consumables as per the qualified welding procedures. Page 13 of 37 14/10/10 焊接根部或进行定位焊之前，管端应封闭，已减少管内进风。定位焊由合格焊工施焊。定 位焊并入最终焊道时应进行清理及两端打磨。定位焊施焊时所用预热方式及消耗材料应与 评定的焊接工艺时所用情况相同。 4.5.2 All single-sided groove joints in nickel alloys, stainless steel and ferritic alloys containing more than two percent chromium shall be welded using a gas tungsten-arc root pass with an inert gas back purge, unless prior written approval is obtained from SECCO. The back purge shall be maintained for a minimum of two passes. The PQR shall include the composition and flow rate of the shielding and inert gas backing, when used. Nitrogen shall not be used for back purging of stainless steels unless prior written approval is obtained from SECCO. 除非预先 SECCO 批准，镍合金、不锈钢，铁素体合金（含铬超过 2%）的单面坡口接 头，应采用钨极气体保护电弧焊根部焊道，且背部应采用惰性气体保护，背部气体应达至 少两焊道。PQR 应含保护惰性气体成分及流速（如使用），除非 SECCO 同意，氮气不 能作为不锈钢的保护气体。 4.5.3 All welding including supports, clips and structural parts shall be completed prior to final heat treatment. 包括支撑、管夹和结构部件的全部焊接工作应在最终热处理前完成。 4.5.4 Permanent weld backing bars and non-consumable insert rings other than consumable inserts are not permitted without prior written approval from SECCO. 未经 SECCO 允许，除了消耗性的插入件外，不允许采用永久焊接垫板和非消耗性垫圈。 4.5.5 Temporary backing bars and temporary rings must match the chemical composition of the base metal being welded. After welding is complete, they shall be removed flush with the base metal without undercutting. All attachment areas in ferr