新概念英语109笔记.docx

大家好 我是小麦. 又到了我的时间啦. 我今儿呢. 早早的就来调麦了. 力求它会好好配合我 嗯.Lesson 109 A good idea 好主意CHARLOTTE: Shall I make some coffee, Jane?JANE: Thats a good idea, Charlotte.CHARLOTTE: Its ready.Do you want any milk?JANE: Just a little, please.CHARLOTTE: What about some sugar? Two teaspoonfuls?JANE: No, less than that. One and a half teaspoonfuls,please. Thats enough for me.JANE: That was very nice.CHARLOTTE: Would you like some more?JANE: Yes, please.JANE: Id like a cigarette, too.May I have one?CHARLOTTE: Of course.I think there are a few in that box.JANE: Im afraid its empty.CHARLOTTE: What a pity!JANE: It doesnt matter.CHARLOTTE: Have a biscuit instead. Eat more and smoke less!JANE: Thats very good advice!【生词】idea n. 主意1. Idea aidi 注意发音，有些人加r是不对的。 2. idea,concept,conception,thought,notion,impression3. 这些名词均有“思想、观点、观念”之意。idea:最普通常用词，几乎适用于任何方面的思维活动。concept:指从众多实例中通过概括、归纳而形成的对事物本质、全貌及其内部联系的概念或看法。conception:通常指个人或一些人所持有的具体概念或念头，也可指概念的形成过程，含一定的想象和感情色彩意味。thought:指以推理、思考等智力活动为基础的心理思维活动及其结果。4. the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about5. 同义词: thought 6. 2.your intention; what you intend to do7. 同义词: mind 8. 3.a personal view9. 4.an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth10. 同义词: estimate, estimation, approximation 11. 5.(music) melodic subject of a musical composition12. 同义词: theme, melodic theme, musical theme13. the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about14. 同义词: thought 15. 2.your intention; what you intend to do16. 同义词: mind 17. 3.a personal view18. 4.an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth19. 同义词: estimate, estimation, approximation 20. 5.(music) melodic subject of a musical composition21. 同义词: theme, melodic theme, musical theme22. the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about23. 同义词: thought 24. 2.your intention; what you intend to do25. 同义词: mind 26. 3.a personal view27. 4.an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth28. 同义词: estimate, estimation, approximation 29. 5.(music) melodic subject of a musical composition30. 同义词: theme, melodic theme, musical themea little少许（用于不可数名词之前）还有和后面的a few 几个（用于可数名词之前）1. a few 与a little都表示一点，一些，但跟在它们后边的名词是不一样的，a few 是用来形容可数名词，而 a little 则用来形容不可数名词。这种区别同样适用于few&little，many&much （每一组的前者均修饰可数名词，后者修饰不可数名词）。teaspoonful n. 一满茶匙teaspoonful adj. 一茶匙的，满茶匙的；这是一个合成词，由teapoon（茶匙）+ful两部分合成。ful是后缀，表示满的（=full）。此类的词有很多，请同学们猜猜这些词都是什么意思？handful一把, mouthful一口, thankful, careful,hopeful.less adj. (little 的比较级)较少的，更小的在107课，我们介绍了比较与最高级的变化的一般规律，但是比较级跟最高级也有特殊的变化，下面列举其中的一小部分常用的, 但更多的不规则变化，你们在以后就会更多的知道啦! good/well-better-best(好的） bad/badly-worse-worst（坏的）old-older/elder-oldest/eldest （老的，年长的） much/many-more-most （多的） little/few-less-least （少的） far-farther/further-farthest/furthest（远的）pity n. 遗憾动词的时候 作为同情.I pity the weak. 我同情弱者.instead adv. 代替常见的就是 instead of .也是表示 代替 一.instead意为“代替”“替代”，作副词用，通常位于句尾。如位于句首时常用逗号与后面阁开。instead 在顺接句子中作“代替”讲，而在转折（或逆转）句子中作“然而”讲。 例如：1.Lily isnt here. Ask Lucy instead. Lily不在这儿，去问Lucy吧. 注意当instead在祈使句中时，只能位于句末。 2.she didnt answer me, instead, she asked me another question. 她没有回答我，反而问了我另外一个问题。 二.instead of是介宾短语，其意与instead相同，不同之处在于它后面常接宾语，起宾语多由名词、代词、介词、短语、动词 + ing 形式充当。 例如：1.Well ask Li Mei instead of Mary. 我们将去问李梅而不问玛丽。 2.Ill go instead of her. 我会替她去。 三.instead 与instead of的转换。 例如: 1.He didnt answer me, instead, he asked me another question He asked me another question instead of answering me. 2.Ill of instead of her.She wont go.Ill go instead【有不会的可以再问我】advice n. 建议，忠告不可数名词. A piece of advice. Advise advice,opinion,proposal,suggestion,recommendation,view这些名词均含“意见、建议”之意。advice:普通用词，侧重依据个人经验、学识和正确判断而提出的忠言。opinion:日常用词，泛指对某事物的想法和意见。proposal:指正式提出来供研究、采纳或实行的建议。suggestion:普通用词，语气比advice婉转客气，也不如proposal正式。着重为改进工作、解决困难等提出的建议，有时含所提建议不一定正确，仅供参考的意味。recommendation:指在自己经历的基础上而提出的有益建议、意见或忠告。view:侧重指对重大的或引起公众关注的问题所持的看法和态度CHARLOTTE: Shall I make some coffee, Jane?夏洛特：我来煮点咖啡好吗，简？Shall这里是情态动词(modal verbs)，Shall I /we “.好吗”或“我（/我们）该.吗”，通常用于第一或第三人称一般疑问句中，征求意见，should I 比shall I 更加客气婉转，注意当shall用于第二人称的疑问句，通常表示一种劝告，责备或质疑的语气,比如：Shall you excuse his ignorance? 你要原谅他的无知吗？征求意见用于第二人称是大多用could或would, could you “你能.”，would you “你可以.”吗，would you like some.(来点.好吗？)，像should比shall用于一般疑问句征求意见时更加婉转一样，could 和would同样，比can, will更加的客气委婉。因为情态动词后面需要加动词原形，所以，shall I 后要加动词原形；表达同样的意思还有我们等会要学习的how about /what about，这两个也用于征求意见“.怎么样”，但其后加名词，代词或动名词。shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称， 表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有很多种，本文的回答是，Thats a good idea.此外也可以用：Yes, please. All right. No, thank you.等等。在征询别人意见的时候，可以这么说：Shall I+V？ 我可以？“我可以在你房间吸烟吗？”应该怎么说呢？Shall I smoke in your room?建议的提出与采纳用语：提出建议：What about+n/Ving或 How about+n/Ving?或者是Why not+ V?/Lets + V.小问题：“去公园走走，怎样？”又应该怎样说呢？JANE: Thats a good idea, Charlotte.简：这是个好主意，夏洛特。CHARLOTTE: Its ready.Do you want any milk?夏洛特：咖啡好了，你要放点奶吗？做好了，需要牛奶吗，一点就好。这里ready是形容词，表示准备好了的，现成的等等意思，通常有两种用法be ready to do sth 和 be ready for sth例如：She is always ready to help others.她总是乐于帮助别人 The letter is ready for the post. 信准备好了，可以寄了。 The troops were ready for anything. 军队做好一切准备。在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的疑问句中，通常要用 some，而不用 any. 如：Why not buy some apples? 为什么不买些苹果呢?Would you like some Chinese red tea? 我要不要给你倒点个水?any 有时也用于肯定句中，表示“任何”。如：You can read any of the books. 你可以看这些书中的任何一本。正如刚才说的，表示建议或请求时，可以用some，所以，Do you want any milk?也可以改写成Do you want some milk?JANE: Just a little, please. 简：请稍加一点。CHARLOTTE: What about some sugar? Two teaspoonfuls?夏洛特：加些糖怎么样？两茶匙行吗？JANE: No, less than that. One and a half teaspoonfuls,please. Thats enough for me.简：不，再少一些。请放一勺儿半。那对我已足够了。JANE: That was very nice.简：太好了。CHARLOTTE: Would you like some more?夏洛特：你再来点吗？JANE: Yes, please.简：好的，请再来一点。JANE: Id like a cigarette, too.May I have one?简：我还想抽枝烟。可以给我一枝吗？Id like 是I would like 的缩写，想要.的意思，通常的用法是 would like sth ,would like to do sth 或 would like sb to do sth.例如：Id like some coffee. Would you like some coffee?Id like to boat on the lake when I have time.Id like my friends to spend the weekend with me.Would you like