新概念二84课义.doc

Lesson 84 On strike【New words and expressions】（11）strike n. 罢工busman n. 公共汽车司机state v. 正式提出，宣布agreement n. 协议relieve v. 减轻pressure n. 压力，麻烦extent n. 程度volunteer v. 自动提出，自愿gratitude n. 感激Press n. 新闻界object v. 不赞成，反对strike及物动词vt.1.打,击,攻击O1He wasstruckby lightning.他被闪电击中。Shestruckhim with a stick.她用棒打他。3.(钟)敲响报(时)The clockstrucktwelve.钟敲十二点。5.打(火);划(火柴);盖(章)The girlstrucka match to light a cigarette.那女孩划火柴点燃一根烟。不及物动词vi.1.打,击;袭击;进攻(+out)His kneestruckagainst the chair.他的膝盖撞到了椅子上。The enemystruckat dawn.敌人于拂晓时发起进攻。2.(钟)敲,鸣;(时间)被鸣报Twelve has juststruck.刚刚敲过十二点。3.突然想到;突然发现(+on/upon)Hestruckon a solution to the problem.他突然想到一个解决问题的办法。4.(火柴)被划着;(火)被点燃The match wouldntstrike.这火柴划不着。7.罢工(+for)The coal minersstruckfor better safety conditions.煤矿工人罢工要求改善安全状况。名词n. C1.打击;攻击;空袭The commander decided to make an airstrikeon the enemys supply line.指挥官决定空袭敌人的补给线。2.罢工,罢课,罢市The steel workers called astrike.钢铁工人发动了罢工。The bus driversstrikestopped all traffic.公共汽车司机罢工使一切交通停顿。3.射门。 State及物动词vt.1. 陈述;声明;说明The witnessstatedthat she had never seen Mr. Smith.证人宣称她以前从未见过史密斯先生。n1状况,状态CThe vice president is in astateof poor health.副总统健康状况不佳。2.情况;形势C3.形态;心态;兴奋状态CIce is water in a solidstate.冰是水的固体状态。4.国家,政府,国土CUAll the land belongs to thestatein this country.在这个国家土地全属国有。6.(常大写)美国的州C7.(大写)美国,合众国the PJ8.身份,地位UThe superstar lives instate.那个超级明星过着豪华的生活。形容词a.1.国事的;官方的;国家的,政府的Yesterday astatedinner was given in honor of the visiting president.昨天设国宴款待来访的总统。agreement 1同意,一致UMy parents are inagreementon what color to paint the house.我父母亲对于用什么颜色漆房子意见一致。2.协定,协议Cgentlemensagreement君子协定 shotgunagreement强迫达成的协议originalagreement原始协议 loanagreement贷款协定agreement: 普通用词，含义最确定，泛指个人、团体或国家之间取得一致而达成的任何协议、协定或合同、契约等，可以是口头的，也可以是书面的。contract: 侧重指双方或多方订立的具有法律效力的正式的书面合同或契约。treaty: 指国家之间经外交谈判后依照国际法签订的正式条约。bargain: 通常指商业交往中的购销合同understanding: 指不具约束力的非正式的协议relieve v. 减轻 vt. 缓解，减轻This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent.This medicine has relieved my toothache. vt. 使宽心/宽慰，松一口气The news relieved the whole family.Go ahead, relieve yourself!请方便吧!3救济;救援;解围Rescue workers were sent torelievethe trapped coal miners.抢险人员被派去解救被困在井下的煤矿工人to relieve the poor救济贫民relieve sb. in need济人之急4解除职务(+of) relieve sb of sth The minister wasrelievedof his post. 部长被解除了职务relieve sb. of 1. 帮助某人解脱Let me relieve you of your suitcase. 我来帮你拿手提包吧。 2. 从某人处偷取 The thief relieved him of his watch. 小偷偷走了他的手表。pressure压;按;挤;榨UThe small box was flattened by the pressure of the heavy book on it. 小盒子被这本厚厚的书压扁了。 2. 压力;压迫;紧迫;催促UCHe works well under pressure. 他在有压力的情况下工作很出色。 These old people are unaccustomed to the pressure of modern life. 这些老人不习惯现代生活的紧张压力。pressurize vt (气密/密封)增压,加压 the airplane cabin is pressurized; pressurize a space suit. 机舱被密封了；密封太空服impossible to compress; resisting compression.不可能压缩；耐压缩Extent 程度;限度;范围Uthe STo a certain extent, I am responsible for the delay. 在一定程度上,我对拖延负有责任volunteer v. 自动提出，自愿 vt. &vi. 自愿，自动提出，自愿提供Some college students have volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts.After the fire, many people volunteered their services.Frank has volunteered for the army. n. 自愿参加者，志愿者Are there any volunteers for a try? 有自愿试一试的人吗？Gratitude 感激之情,感恩,感谢U(+to/for)Debt of gratitude人情债He acted so out of gratitude. 他是出于感激而这么做的。 She felt an immense gratitude to Wilson. 她对威尔逊无比感激。Make gratitude a lifelong habit.让感激成为终生的习惯。 Gratitude is the best attitude.感恩是最好的态度。Press n. 新闻界（集合名词）Ian is a member of the press.The press is/are waiting to see the president. 记者们在等着见总统。Press conference 新闻发布会，记者招待会（新闻发布会 又称记者招待会，是一个社会组织直接向新闻界发布有关组织信息，解释组织重大事件而举办的活动。）记者招待会是：党政部门、社会团体或个人邀请新闻记者参加的公开新闻发布会，它既为发言人（或主持人）提供了同一个场所面对较多记者的机会，也为新闻界提供了获得新闻材料的一种有效而又简便的采访方式。新闻发布会则是：国家、政党、社会团体任命或指定的专职（比较小的部门为兼职）新闻发布人员，其一般是该职能部门中层以上的负责人，在一定时间内就某一重大事件或时局的问题，约见个别记者，发布有关新闻或阐述本部门的观点立场，并代表有关部门回答记者的提问object1名词 n. 1. 物体CI dont know the names of the objects in this lab. 我不知道这个实验室里物件的名称。 unidentified flying object不明飞行物 UFO2. 对象;目标C(+of) object of proof证明对象3. 目的,宗旨CWhat is the object of his visit? 他这次访问的目的是什么? 4. 【语】宾语Cobject2 bdekt不及物动词 vi. 1. 反对(+to)No one objected to the plan. 没有人反对这项计划。 I object.我反对及物动词 vt. 1. 反对（说）Y+(that)Mother objected that Jimmy was too weak to take up the job. 母亲反对说,吉米身体虚弱,不可承担那份工作。【Text】Busmen have decided to go on strike next week. The strike is due to begin on Tuesday. No one knows how long it will last. The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions. Most people believe that the strike will last for at least a week. Many owners of private cars are going to offer free rides to people on their way to work. This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent. Meanwhile, a number of university students have volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts. All the students are expert drivers, but before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test. The students are going to take the test in two days time. Even so, people are going to find it difficult to get to work. But so far, the public has expressed its gratitude to the students in letters to the Press. Only one or two people have objected that the students will drive too fast!参考译文公共汽车司机决定下星期罢工。罢工定于星期二开始，谁也不知道会持续多久。司机们声称此次罢工将一直持续到就工资和工作条件问题达成全面协议的时候为止。多数人认为此次罢工至少会持续一个星期。很多私人汽车的车主正准备为乘车上班的人们提供“免费乘车”的服务，这将在某种程度上减轻对火车的压力。与此同时，有一部分大学生自愿在罢工期间驾驶公共汽车。所有的学生都是开车的能手，但在驾驶公共汽车之前，他们必须通过一项专门测验。学生们准备在两天后就接受测验。即使这样，人们仍会感到上班有困难。但到目前为止，公众已经向新闻界写信表达他们对学生们的感激之情了。只有一两个人提出反对意见，说学生们会把车开得太快！【课文讲解】1、Busmen have decided to go on strike next week.go on strike 举行罢工on strike 在罢工 It is not clear yet when the teachers on strike will return to their classrooms.They go on strike monday in demand of a 30 percent wage increase. 他们於星期一举行罢工，要求增加百分之三十工资。earnings: 多指通过劳动或投资等手段所得到的收入。allowance: 指收入中的补贴部分。income: 与earnings含义很相近，但前者强调总收入。salary: 指按年定下，按月或星期平均给予的报酬，指脑力劳动者的薪水。wage : 多用复数形式，指按小时、日或星期的报酬，通常指体力劳动者的工资。pay: 是个通用词，可取代salary与wage.2、The strike is due to begin on Tuesday.due adj. 预定的，约定的be due to do sth. 定于（某时做某事） The plane is due (to arrive) in London at 9 oclock.be due to +n. 由于，因为 Our delay was due to the heavy traffic.3、Many owners of private cars are going to offer free rides to people on their way to work.free ride 免费乘车4、This will relieve pressu