三、语法复习：动词(时态)---学生用.doc

三、语法复习：动词（时态）Part one 词汇默写51. n. 作业；任务2. n. 应用；申请3. a. 简略的4. n.手册 5. n. 运动；活动6. n. 消费者 7. a.方便的8. n. 下降；衰退9. a.沮丧的10. vt. 使气馁；阻碍11. a. 尴尬的；窘迫的12. a.环境的 13. a.经济的 14. v.计算；认为n.数字；人物15. n.毕业；刻度16. vt.处理；拿 n.柄；把手17. n.艰难；困苦18. n.印象；感觉19. v.改进；改善；变得更好20. n.动机；动力Part two长句分析1. Arthur Miller is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. 2. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.3. In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with this system. 4. As my best friend, Walker always give me lots of important and useful suggestions so I consider him my gift given by God in my life.5. That he lost all his money in the stock market made us surprised.Part three 动词时态 - 一般现在时、一般过去式和将来时一般现在时一、动词的第三人称词尾变化：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s或-es：规则动词原形第三人称单数形式一般在词尾加-s，(清辅音后读s，在浊辅音后读z；在t后读ts,在d后读dz。)playleaveswimplaysleavesswims以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加-es，读iz,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。passfixteachwishdopassesfixesteacheswishesdoes以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先变y为i, 再加-es,读z。studycarryflystudiescarriesflies注意：动词have的第三人称单数是has.写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式。1. cook _2.watch_3.build_4.have_5.wash_6. enjoy _7. go _8 receive _9 cry_10. close _11. drive _12. choose _13. play _14. reach _二. 一般现在时的用法1） 表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。例如: He often （go） swimming in summer.I usually (leave) home for school at 7 every morning. 2)表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象。例如：The earth (move) around the sun. Shanghai (lie) in the east of China. 3）在时间和条件状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如： Ill tell him the news when he (come)back. If he (take) the job , they will talk with him in greater details. 巩固练习：1、Lucy likes going skating with her friends. （改写成否定句）_2、Aunt Lis son has ten toy bears. （对划线部分提问）_3、His watch costs 300 yuan. （变成一般疑问句并否定回答）_4、I like being a nurse for the old. （变成一般疑问句）_5、张叔叔每天乘坐地铁上班。_6、我们每周日常花三小时在图书馆看书。_7、我爷爷常常晚饭后出去散步。_一般过去时一、动词过去式的规则变化：构成规则动词原形动词过去式一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，(在清辅音后读t；在浊辅音和元音后读d；在t,d后读id。lookplayworklookedplayedworked结尾是e的动词在末尾加-dlikelivehopelikedlivedhoped末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edplanstopdropplannedstoppeddropped结尾是“辅音字母y”的动词，先变“y”为“I”再加-edstudyworrycrystudiesworriescries写出下列动词的过去式形式。1. put _2. drink _3. cry _4. pull _5. ride _6.begin _7. sit _8. run _9. take _10.sweep _11. stop _12. solve _13. rob _14. wait _15. lie _16. turn _17. explore _18. drop _19. clean _20. produce _21.get _22.laugh_23.pay_24.die_25.prefer _二. 一般过去时的用法 1）表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last week, an hour ago,just now, the other day, in 1982等连用。在一般过去式中，要表达“过多少时间之后”，一般用after。几年后。例如：He (go) to visit his grandparents last week? After a few years, she (start ) to play the piano.2）表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动作。常与often,always等表示频度的副词连用。例如：When I (be) a child, I often played football in the street. 巩固练习：1、 Yesterday I went swimming.(改写成否定句。)_2、 He was born in Shanghai.(对划线部分提问)_3我昨天买了一辆新自行车。_4、我前天读了一本书。_一般将来时 一、一般将来时的构成：l 助动词will+动词原形 “将要”l be going to do “计划；打算”l be about to do “即将；马上”在口语中，will在名词或代词后常缩为ll，wii not常简缩为wont。在疑问句中，主语为第一人称时（I和we）时，常用助动词shall。二、一般将来时的用法1、表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。例如：Ill meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.We _ (have) a new museum next year.2、表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。例如：I (come) and see you every Saturday next year.明年我将每个星期六来看你。3、表示主语进行某一行动的打算意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思。即计划，安排要发生的事。The play (produce) next month。这出戏下月开播。巩固练习：1. Mrs. Brown is going to buy a digital camera. （对划线部分提问）_2.My boss is going to fly to London on business the day after tomorrow. （用often改写句子）_3.Sam will visit Brazil next week. （变成一般疑问句并否定回答）_4. 他们今晚要去看足球赛。_5.金一家人什么时候去长城啊？_过去将来时一、过去将来时的构成：l would/should+动词原形l was/were going to+动词原形二、过去将来时的用法：1、表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中。He said that he (finish) his work before 9 oclock.2、 表示过去的某种习惯，只要would。Whenever he has been in trouble, we (give) him a hand.巩固练习：1、He said that he (come)back tonight.2、I thought it （rain）soon.Part 4 Vocabulary Accumulation1. program n. 节目;项目2. audience n. 观众3. public n. 公共、大众4. commercial adj. 商业的5. particular adj. 特别的6. situation n. 情况；状况7. apologize v. 道歉8. refuse v. 拒绝9. development n.发展10. schedule n. 时刻表，进度表11. satisfy v.满足12. advocate v.提倡13. ridiculous adj.滑稽的；可笑的14. inconvenien