英语音标单词短语常用句.doc

音 标一、元音1.单元音前元音i:ie中元音:后元音u:u:a:2.双元音开合双元音eiaiiuau集中双元音iu二、辅音1.爆破音清辅音ptk浊辅音bdg2.摩擦音清辅音fsh浊辅音vz.破擦音清辅音ttrts浊辅音ddrdz4.鼻音（浊辅音）mn5.舌侧音（浊辅音）lr半元音（浊辅音）wj分类单词一、学习用品( school things)pen/pen/钢笔pencil/pensl/铅笔pencil-case/ penslkeis/铅笔盒ruler/ru:le/尺子book/buk/书bag/bg/包post card/paust ka:d明信片newspaper/nju:z,peip/报纸schoolbag/sku:bg/书包eraser/i reisa/橡皮crayon/ kreian/蜡笔sharpener/a:pana/卷笔刀story-book/ sto ribuk/故事书notebook/nautbuk/笔记本Chinese book/ taini:z/语文书english book/ inglis/英语书maths book/ms/数学书magazine/, mdazi:n/杂志newspaper/nju:z,peila/报纸 dictionary/ bikaneri/词典二、身体部位(body)foot/fut/脚head/hed/头face/feis/脸hair/h /头发nose/nauz/鼻子mouth/mau/嘴eye/ai/眼睛ear/ia/耳朵arm/ a:m/手臂hand/ hand/手finger/ finga/手指leg/leg/腿tail/teil/尾巴三、颜色( colours)red/red/红blue/blu:/蓝yellow/ jelau/黄green/gri:n/绿White/wait白black/blk/黑pink/pink/粉红purple/pa:pl/紫orange/: rinds/橙brown/ braun/棕四、动物( animals)cat/kt/猫dog/dg/狗pig/pig/猪duck/dk/鸭rabbit/ rbit/兔子horse/h:s/马elephant/ elifant/大象ant/nt/蚂蚁fish/fj/鱼bird/b:d/鸟snake/ sheik/蛇mouse/maus/鼠kangaroo/kgru:/袋鼠monkey/ mki/猴子panda/ pend/熊猫bear/b /熊lion/ lain/狮tiger/ taig/老虎五、人物( people)friend/ frend/朋友boy/bi/男孩girl/g:l/女孩mother/mA/母亲father/fa: /父亲sister/ sist/姐妹brother/br /兄弟unc|e/k/叔叔man/mn/男人Woman/ wuman/女人Mr先生Miss小姐lady/ leidi/女士mom/mm/妈妈dad/dd/爸爸parents/ pearants/父母grandma/grandma:/ grandmother/ grand, /(外)祖母grandpa /grndpa: /grandfather /grnd, f /(外)祖父aunt/ a:nt/阿姨cousin/kzn/堂兄妹son/sn/儿子baby/beibi/婴儿kid/kid/小孩classmate/ klasmeit/同学queen/kwi:n/女visitor/ vizit /参观者neighbour/neib/邻居principal/ prinspl/校长pen pal/ pen pl/笔友tourist/tu:rist/旅行者people/pi:pl/人物robot/ r ubt/机器人六、职业(job)teacher/ti: t/教师student/sfju:dnt/学生doctor/dkt/医生nurse/n:s/护士driver/ draiv/司机farmer/f a:m /农民singer/si /歌唱家writer/rait/作家artist/ a:tist/画家actor/ kta/男演员actress/ ktris/女演员TVreporter/rip:te/电视台记者engineer/, endini /工程师policeman/pli:sman/(男)警察salesperson/ seitz,pa:sn/销售员cleaner/kli:n /清洁工baseball player/beis,b:l plei/棒球运动员assistant/ a sistnt/售货员六、食品( food and drink)breakfast/ brekfst/早餐unch/ln t/中餐dinner/ din/晚餐egg/eg蛋rce/rais/米饭cake/ keik蛋糕bread/bred/面包jam/ dm/果酱biscuit/ biskit/饼干sausage/s:Sid/香肠sandwich/ sndwit/三明治dumplings/ pmpli/饺子French fries/ frent fraiz/薯条meat/mi:t/肉chicken/ tikin肉mutton/mtn/羊肉beef/bi:f/牛肉pork/p:k/猪肉fish/fi/鱼hamburger/ hmb :g/汉堡hotdog/htdg/热狗noodles/nu:dl/面条soup/su:p/汤salad/ sld/沙拉milk/milk/牛奶water/W:t /水yice- crean/ ais kri:m/冰淇淋cola/kul/可乐Juice/ du:s/果汁tea/ti;/茶coffee/kfi/咖啡fruit/fru:t/水果apple/pl/苹果banana/bsna:n/香蕉pear/p/梨orange/ o：rin d/橙watermelon/W:ta, melan西瓜grape/ greip/葡萄herry;/ teri/樱桃lemon/ lemn/柠檬mango/ mgu/芒果coconut/ keukant/椰子peach/pi: t/桃strawberry/str:bri/草莓vegetable/ veditbl/疏菜eggplant/ egpla:nt/茄子green beans/gri:nbi:ns/青豆tomato/t meitn/西红柿potato/ pteitu/土豆cucumber/kju:kmb/黄瓜onion/ nj n/洋葱pea/pi:/豌豆七、衣服( clothes)jacket/ dkit/夹克衫shirt/ :t/衬衫T- shirt T恤衫skirt/sk:t/短裙子dress/dres/连衣裙jeans/ di:nz/牛仔裤pants/ pnts/ trousers/ truza/裤子socks/sks/袜子Shoes/ju:z/鞋子sweater/ sweta/毛衣coat/kut/外套rainsoat/ reinkut/雨衣shorts/:ts/短裤sandals/ sndl/凉鞋boots/bu:ts/靴子hat/ht有边帽cap/kp/无边帽Btie/tai/领带sunglasses/ Sngla: siz太阳镜scarf/ska:f/围巾gloves/glvz/手套八、交通工具( vehicles)bike/baik/自行车bus/bs/公共汽车train/ trein/火车boat/but/小船ship/ ip/轮船yacht/jt快艇car/ka:/小汽车taxi/ tksi/出租车jeep/ di:p/吉普车van/vn/小货车plane/ plein/飞机subway/ Sbwei/地铁motor cycle/ mut saikl/摩托车九、杂物( other things)present/ preznt/gift/gift礼物walkman/ W: kmn/随身听lamp/ lmp/台灯shone/fun/电话sofa/suf/沙发shelf/elf/书架fridge/ frid/冰箱table/teibl/桌子air-conditioner/ kndi n /空调key/ki:/钥匙lock/lk/锁plate/ pleit/盘子knife/naiffork/f:k/叉spoon/spu:n/勺子chopsticks/ tpstiks/筷子pot/pt/锅toy/ti/玩具window/ windu/窗户door/d:/门desk/desk/课桌chair/ t /椅子bed/bed/床computer/ kmpju:t/计算机bard/b:d/写宇板fan/fn/风扇light/lait/灯mirror/mir/镜子teacher s desk/ti: tdesk/讲台picture/pikt /图画photo/ futl/照片wall/W:l/墙壁floor/fl:/地板football/futb:l/足球doll/dl/洋娃娃bal!/b:l/球balloon/blu:n/气球kite/kait/风筝jigsaw puzzle/ digs:pzl/拼图游戏box/bks/盒子umbrella/ mbel /伞zipper/zip/拉链violin/,vailin/小提琴nest/nest/乌窝hole/hul/洞toothbrush/tu: br/牙刷menu/menju：/菜单e-card/ka:d/电子卡片e-mail/meil/电子邮件money/mni/钱traffic light/ tr fik lait,/交通灯medicine/ medicin/药十、地点( locations)home/hum/家room/ru:m/房间bedroom/ bedrum/卧室batheoom/ brum/卫生间living roon/ livi ru:m/起居室/客厅kitchen/kitin/厨房classroon/ kla: srum/教室school/sku:l/学校park/pa:k/公园library/ laibrri/图书馆post office/ pust:fis/邮政局hospitl/ hspitl/医院cinema/ Sinim /电影院bookstore/ bukst:/书店farm/fa:m/农场zoo/zu:/动物园garden/ga:dn/花园playground/ pleigrund/操场canteen/ knti:n/餐厅teacher s office/ ：fis/教师办公室gym/ dim/体育馆washoom/ Wrum/盥洗室artroom/ a:tru:m/美术室computer room/k mpju:t /电脑房music room/mju:zik/音乐教室Tv room电视房flat/ fl t/公寓company/kmpni/公司factory/ fktri/工厂pet shop/ pet p/宠物店science museum/ sains mju:zim/科学博物馆十一、气象( weather)cold/kuld/冷的hot/ht/热的Warm/W:m/温暖的cool/ku：l/凉爽的showy/snui/下雪的sunny/sni/晴朗的rainy/ reini/下雨Wndy/ windi/刮风的cloudy/ kludi/多云的weather report/werip：t/天气预报十一、植物( plants)flower/flu/花grass/gra:s/草tree/tri:/树seed/si:d/种子leaf/li: f/树叶plant/pl a:nt/植物rose/ruz/玫瑰十二、景物( nature)river/riv /河流lake/leik/湖泊strean/stri:m/小溪forest/ frist/森林path/pa:/小路road/rud/马路house/rud/房子bridge/brid/桥building/ bilin/建筑物rain/rein/雨cloud/ klud/云sun/sn太阳mountain/ mauntin/大山skgy/skai/天空rainbow/ reibu/彩虹wind/ waind/风air/ /十三、星期(week)Monday/mndei/星期Tuesday/tju:zdi/星期二Wednesday./ wenzdi/星期三Thursday/e:zdi/星期四Friday/ fraidi/星期五Saturday/ stdi/星期六Sunday/ Sndi/星期天weekend/wi:kend/周末十四、月份( months)January/dnjueri/一月February/ februri/二月March/ma: t/三月April/eiprl/四月May/mei/五月June/ du:n/六月Jnly/ du:lai/七月August/:gst/八月September/septemb/九月October/ktubJ/十月November/nu vemb/十一月December/di semb /十二月十四、患病( illness)have a fever/fiva/发高烧hurt/h:t/疼痛have a cold/ uld/伤风have a to othache/tu:6e/牙疼have a headache/ hedeik/头疼have a so re throat/so:rut/喉咙疼have a stomachache/ stamakeik/胃痛小学英语语法小结一、名词:有可数名词和不可数名词可数名词有单数、复数之分名词复数形式的构成规则:(1)一般在名词词尾加“s”如: teacher teachers egg-eggs(2)以s,X,sh,ch结尾的名词加es如：class-classes box- boxesbus buses watch-watches(3)以辅音字母+y的名词变y为i再加es如: story- stories library-librariesdictionary-dictionaries hobby-hobbies(4)以f,fe结尾的名词,变fe为v加es如: life-lives leaf-leaves half-halvesknife-knives wolf-wolves wife-wives(5)以o结尾的名词“英雄芒果土豆西红柿”加eshero-heroes mango- mangoespotato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes其余加s(目前所学的词)zoo-zoos kilo-kilosradio-radios photo-photos piano-pianos(6)不规则名词单复数形式如: child- children woman - womenman -men foot-feet tooth-teeth有的可数名词单、复数形式相同,如 Japanese，Chinese, sheep如: I have one sheep. He has two sheep.2、不可数名词没有复数形式不可数名词有:(1)milk, water, juice, tea, ice;(2)food, rice, meat, fish, chicken, bread, cheese(3) paper, newspaper, hair, time, money, homework, housework不可数名词的数量常表示如下two bottles of milk a cup of juicehalf a kilo of cheese a bag of ricethree kilos of meat some water二、人称代词人称代词包括主格和宾格。主格在句中作主语,宾格用于动词或介词后作宾语。主格宾格IMe我WeUs我们YouYou你（们）HeHim他SheHer她ItIt它theythem他们We are going to have a picnic. Let us go.I miss everyone in China. Who can help me?What is he doing? He is trying to get on the bus. Look at him.She cant hear. This dog helps her.Tell me more about the great Wall.三.物主代词物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后需跟名词,名词性物主代词后不用跟。名词性物主代词含义=形容词性物主代词+名词的含义形容词性物主代词名词词性物主代词MyMine我的OurOurs我们的YourYours你（们）的HisHis他的herHers她的ItsIts它的theirtheirs他们的This is my book. This book is mine.This is his bag. This bag is his.Your watch is old ，but hers is new.Thanksgiving is my favourite festival.We sayThank you for our food, family and friends.四、疑问词who谁 What什么 when什么时候what time几点 where哪里 why为什么how怎样 how much多少 how many多少how old多大 whose谁的what colour什么颜色 how long多长1.对人物提问用whoWho gave it to you?simons family gave it to meWho can help me?I can help you.2.对事物或做某事提问用whatWhat do you want? I want a hot dog.What are you doing? I am reading a book.What are you going to study?Im going to study English.What are you going to do?Were going to walk around the lak.whats it about?its about anima.3.对时间提问用whenWhen are you going to eat?We re going to eat at half past twelve.When was he born?He was born in 1809.4.对点钟提问用 what timeWhat time is it? Its twelve.What time do you get up? I get up at six o clock.5.对地点提问用 whereWhere was he born? He was born in France.Where are you? I am on the train.Wheres your mum? Shes at the supermarket.6.对原因提问用whyWhy are you wearing a raincoat?Because its going to rain.7.对身体状况或方式提问用howHow are you? Im fine.How are you going to go to school?im going to go to school by bus.8.对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用 how muchHow much is it?Its thirteen dollars and twenty-five cents.How much milk do you want?I want two bottles of milk.9对可数名词的数量提问用 how manyHow many books are there on the desk?There are three books on the desk.10.对年龄提问用 how oldHow old are you? Im twelve.11.对“某人的”提问用 whoseWhose cap is this? Its amys cap.Whose pen is that? Its his pen12.对颜色提问用 what colourWhat colour is it? Its black.13.对星期提问用 what dayWhat day is it today? Its Monday.14. How long is it?Its about six thousand seven hundred kilometers.特殊疑问句语序:疑问词+一般疑问句语序?例: How do you go to school?疑问词(做主语)+谓语动词+？例: Who gave it to you?五.时态1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示过去的时间连用。如 yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上个月), last year(去年)two months ago(两个月前)等。构成:(1)肯定句:主语+动词过去式+He made a video.否定句:主语+ didnt+动词原形+He didn t make a video一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+Did he make a video?(2)be动词用was,were.否定句在was,were后加not.一般疑问句把was,Were提前到句首。She was born in America.She was not born in America.Was she born in america?2.现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作构成:主语+am/is/are+现在分词+The birds are singing in the trees.否定句在am/is/are后加not.The birds are not singing in the trees一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。Are the birds singing in the trees?3.一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示将来的时间连用。如 tomorrow(明天),next week(下周), next year(明年)等。构成:(1)主语+will+动词原形+He will pick up the apple.否定句在will后加not.He will not pick up the apples.一般疑问句把will提是前到句首Will he pick up the apples?(2)主语+ be going to+动词原形+We are going to stud y French.否定句在amis/are后加not.We are not going to study French.一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。Are you going to study french?4.一般现在时表示经常性,习惯性的动作或存在的状态。构成:(1)主语+am/is/are+否定句在am/is/are后加not.一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。Helen Keller is a model for blind people and for you and me.(2)肯定句:主语+动词原形+The ducks like it.否定句:主语+dont+动词原形+The ducks don t like it.一般疑问句:Do+主语+动词原形+Do the ducks like it?(3)肯定句:主语(三单)+动词第三人称单数形式+He likes noodles.否定句:主语+ doesnt+动词原形+He doesnt like noodles般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+?Does he like noodles.每天一句英语1 .Where can I check in?在哪儿办理登记手续?2 .Where can I go for help?我该怎么办呢?3.It s been a long time.好久不见了。4 .Im under al ot of pressure我的压力很大5.It s only a matter of time.这只是时间问题。6. Im crazy about English.我非常喜欢英语。7 .Thank you all the same.不管怎样还是要谢谢8. Two heads are better than one.人多智广。9. May I pay by credit card?我可以用信用卡付款吗？10. Give me a call.给我打电话。11. I bet you can.我确信你能做到。12.Would you care for a drink?你要不要来点喝的?13 .Ill take care of it.我来办这件事。14 .Who is in charge here?这里谁负责?15 .It really comes in handy.有了它真是方便。16 .You can t complain.你该知足了。17.Would you do me a favor?你能帮我一个忙18. How often do you eat out?你隔多久在外面吃一次饭?19. Could you drop me off at the airport? 你能载我到飞机场吗?20. Keep your fingers crossed.为成功祈祷吧。21.It s time for dinner.该吃晚饭了。22 .Thank you for everything感谢你做的一切。23. How can I get in touch with you?我怎样能跟你联络上?24. How is it going?情况怎么样?25. You got a good deal.你买得真便宜。26 .You did a good job.你干得很好27 .Hold your horses.耐心点儿。28 .If I were in your shoes.如果我站在你的立场29. Pain past is pleasure.过去的痛苦即是快乐30 .When will it be ready?什么时候能准备好?31. Ill play it by ear.我将随兴而定。32 .May I try it on?我能试穿一下吗?33. I enjoyed it very much.我非常喜欢。34 .Ill take it.我要了。35. You never know.世事难料。36 .We have al ot in common.我们有很多相同37. It drives me crazy.它使我快要发疯了。38.Don t let me down.别让我失望39.Don t get me wrong别误会我。40. Something must be done about it.必须得想个办法。41 .Ill keep my eyes open我会留意的。42. Long time no see.好久不见43. Dinner is on me.晚饭我请客。44. I owe you one.我欠你一个人情。45.It s very popular.它很受欢迎。46. theres a possibility.有这个可能。47. I want to report a theft.我要报一宗盗窃案。48.want to reserve a roon.我想预订一个房。49 .I thought so,too.我也这样以为。50. I suppose so.我想是这样。51 .Could you speak slower?你能说得慢一点吗?52 .Could you take a picture for me?你能帮我拍照吗?53. This soup tastes great.这个汤非常美味。54 .Ill keep that in mind.我会记住的。55. We are in the same boat.我们的处境相同。56 .I haven t the slightest idea我一点儿儿都不知道。57. Take your time.慢慢来。58.I m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我感到遗憾。59.It s hard to say.很难说60.Illl have to see about that.这事儿我得想想再定。61.Let s get to the point.让我们言归正传。62.Let s get together sometime有时间我们聚下吧。63. Ill pick up the tab.我来付帐。64 .Im on my way.我这就上路。65.It s just what I had in mind.这正是我想要的。66. Ill give you a hand.我来帮助你。67 .May I ask you a question?我可以问一个问题吗?68 .Where are you going?你去哪儿?69 .Ill walk you to the door.我送你到门口。70. Ill show you.我指给你看。71 .Ill take your advice.我接受你的忠告。72.What s on your mind?你在想什么呢?73. Something s come up.发生了一些事。74. Easy come, easy go.来得容易,去得快。75.ThatsOK.可以。76. Take care.请多保重77. Forget it.算了吧。78. we ll see.再说吧。79 .What can I do for you?要我帮忙吗?80. Im sorry I m late.对不起,我迟到了。81. Is that OK?这样可以吗?82 .Cheer up!高兴起来!振作起来83 .Probably.可能吧84 .Im lost.我给搞糊涂了85. Therel s a call for you.有你的电话。86I ve got a headache.我头痛87. I d like a refund.我想要退款。88 .You need a vacation.你需要休假。89. I can manage.我自己可以应付。90 .Can you make it?你能来吗？91.It s a deal.一言为定。92.You ve dialed the wrong number.你拔错电话号码了。93.It sa smal world.这世界真小。94. What a shame!真是遗憾!95. I understand completely.我完全明白。96. How late are you open?你们营业到几点?97. Are you married?你结婚了吗?98. I mean what I say.我说话算数。99 .Im good at it.我做这个很在行。100 .I appreciate your invitation.感谢你的邀请。101. Did you have a good day today?你今天过得好吗?102. Did you have a nice holiday?你假期过得愉快吗?103. Did you have fun?你玩得开心吗?104 .Please leave me allone.请别打扰我105.Coul d i have the bill, please?请把帐单给我好吗?106 .I wasr t aware of that.我没有意识到。107. You can say that again.我同意。108 .You willl be better off.你的状况会好起来的。109. Kill two birds with one stone.一举两得。110 .I wasn t born yesterday.我又不是三岁小孩。111.It s a nice day today.今天天气很好。112.It s a once in a lifetime chance.这是一生难得的机会。113. Please accept my apology.请接受我的道歉。114. Keep the change.不用找了(零钱)。115. Better luck next time.祝你下一次好运。116. I have a complaint.我要投诉117. He is in conference.他正在开会。118 .I wish I could.但愿我能。119. You should give it a try.你应该试一试。120. It slipped my mind.我不留神忘了。121. lets find out我们去问一下吧122 .You should take advantage of it.你应该好好利用这个机会。123.You ve made a good choice.你的眼力不124.That s ridiculous.那太荒唐了。125. How long did it last?持续了多久?126. Im on a diet.我正在节食。127. That couldn t be better.那再好不过了。128. That sounds like a good idea.那听上去是个好主意129. Can i have a day off?我能请一天假吗?130. Can I take a message?要我传话吗?131. Can i take a rain check?你能改天再请我132. May i have a receipt?我可以要一张收据133. Can I have a word with you?我能跟你谈一谈吗?134. dont take any chances.不要存侥幸心理。135.Don t make any mistakes.别出差错136.What s the deadline?截止到什么时候?137. I know the feeling我知道那种感觉138. lets hope for the best.让我们往好处想139. Dont take it for granted.不要想当然。140. whats the matter with you?你怎么啦?141 .Just to be on the safe side.为安全起见。142 .Maybe some other time.也许下一次吧。143 .whats the purpose of your visit?你来访的目的是什么?144 .feel the same way.我也有同感。145. All I have to do is learn English.我所要做的就是学英语146.Don t give up.别放弃。147.Let s make up.让我们言归于好吧。148.That s the way I look at it,too.我也是这么想。149.That s the way it is.就是这么回事。150. Where were we?我们说到哪丿儿了?151.What s the weather like?天气怎么样?152 .Where have you been?你去哪儿了?153. May i have your name, please?请问你叫什么名字?154. Can I take your order?您要点菜吗155. First come, first served.捷足先登156. Forgive me,.请原谅我157. Let me see.让我想一想。158Im broke.我身无分文159 .Do you speak English?你会说英语吗?160 .Im not really sure.我不太清楚161. Is this seat taken?这位子有人坐吗?162.Let s celebrate!让我们好好庆祝一下吧163It s a piece of cake.这很容易。164.I m pressed for time.我赶时间。165. I was moved.= I was touched.我很受感动。166It s incredible.令人难以置信/不可思议。167Im not feeling well.我感觉不舒服,168I can t believe it.我简直不敢相信。169I can t tell.我说不准。170I ve had enough.我已经吃饱了。171It s better than nothing.总比没有好。172.I can t resist the