unit 8 虚拟语气

精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创1/17UNIT8虚拟语气虚拟语气1虚拟语气在条件句中的用法现在事实相反的假设1若表示与，则条件从句中用过去式，主句中用过去将来式（WOULD，SHOULD，COULD，MIGHT动词原形）；2若表示某事将来实现的可能性不大，则条件从句中用SHOULD动词原形也可用“WERETO动词原形”或用过去式动词。如IWOULDCERTAINLYGOIFI_HAVETIME（现在）IFITSHOULDRAIN，WEWOULDNTGOOUT（将来）（3）若表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句中用过去完成式，主句中用过去将来完成式（SHOULD，WOULD，COULD，MIGHTHAVE过去分词）。如IFIHADSETOFFALITTLEEARLIER，I_CAUGHTTHETRAINSHEWOULD/MIGHTHAVECOMEIFSHE_BEENSOBUSYIFIHADNT_TAKEYOURADVICE，IWOULDHAVEMADEABADMISTAKE（4）含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有HAD，SHOULD，WERE这三个词的话，在正式或书面语言中可精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创2/17将IF省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。如_THEYTIME（IFTHEYHADTIME），THEYWOULDCERTAINLYCOMEANDHELPUS_ITBEFINE（IFITSHOULDBEFINE），WEWOULDGOFORANOUTING_IYOU（IFIWEREYOU），IWOULDGO（4）若主句从句所指的时间不一致，即条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或者条件从句表示与现在事实相反，主句表真实情况，则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。如IFIT_RAINEDLASTNIGHT（过去），ITWOULDBEVERYCOLDTODAY（现在）IFI_TAKENYOURADVICE（过去）,ISHOULDHAVENOTROUBLEWITHTHEWORKNOW（现在）2虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法在动词SUGGEST，ORDER，DEMAND，PROPOSE，REQUEST，COMMAND，INSIST等后的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气（即SHOULD动词原形或只用动词原形）来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等。在动词WISH/WOULDRATHER后的宾语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符。如精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创3/17ISUGGESTTHATWE（SHOULD）SETOFFATONCETHEDOCTORINSISTEDTHATTHEPATIENTSHOULDBEXRAYEDIWISHI_ASSTRONGASYOUIWOULDRATHERTHATYOU_TOLDHIM（没有告诉他）3虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法在ITISNECESSARY/IMPORTANT/STRANGE/NATURAL；ITISREQUESTED/SUGGESTED/DESIRED/PROPOSED；ITISAPITY等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即SHOULD动词原形或只用动词原形。如ITISNECESSARYTHATHE（SHOULD）BESENTTHEREATONCEITISREQUESTEDTHATPROFESSORLI（_）GIVEUSASPEECHITISDESIREDTHATWE（SHOULD）GETEVERYTHINGREADYBYTONIGHT4虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法。在SUGGESTION，PROPOSAL，IDEA，PLAN，ORDER，ADVICE等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创4/17SHOULD动词原形或只用动词原形。如OURSUGGESTIONISTHATYOU（SHOULD）BETHEFIRSTTOGOMYADVICEISTHATWE（_）SENDFORDOCTORLIDOYOUKNOWTHEORDERTHATYOU（SHOULD）KEEPWATCH5虚拟语气在其他状语从句中的用法在ASIF引导的状语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符；在SOTHAT，INORDERTHAT引导的状语从句中，常用SHOULD/WOULD/COULD/MIGHT动词原形来表示虚拟语气。如THEYTALKEDASIFTHEY_FRIENDSFORYEARSSHESTAYEDATHOMEFORAFEWDAYSSOTHATSHECOULDTAKECAREOFHERMOTHERHETOOKATAXITOTHESTATIONSOTHATSHESHOULDNOTMISSTHETRAIN6虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法在ITISTIME后面的定语从句中常用过去式表示虚拟。ITSTIMEIWASGOING精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创5/17ITSTIMESOMEBODY_TEACHYOUTOBEHAVEYOURSELF7由WISH引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气A用WISH表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为过去式（BE动词用WERE）。B用WISH表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为WOULD,COULD,MIGHT动词原形。CWISH用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为HAD动词过去分词或COULD,WOULDHAVE动词过去分词。IWISHTHATHE_SOLAZYIWISHI_WASTEDSOMUCHTIMEIWISHSHEWOULDCHANGEHERMIND8HADHOPED/PLANNED/THOUGHT/WANTED/INTENDED表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。IHADTHOUGHTHEHADBEENDEADFORATLEAST20YEARSIHADHOPEDTHATSHEWOULDGOTOTHEUSANDSTUDYTHERE,BUTSHESAIDSHELIKEDTOSTAYINCHINA9WOULDRATHERWOULDHADRATHER,WOULDASSOON,WOULDSOONER和WOULDPREFER所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创6/17的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如IDRATHERYOU_THELETTERRIGHTAWAY我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。IWOULDPREFERHEDIDNTSTAYTHERETOOLONG我倒希望他不要在那儿呆得太久。IWOULDJUSTASSOONYOUHADRETURNEDTHEBOOKYESTERDAY我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。10ITSHIGH,ABOUTTIMETHAT句型中THAT从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。ITSTIMETHATSOMETHING_DOABOUTTHETRAFFICPROBLEMDOWNTOWNITISHIGHTIMETHATWEPUTANENDTOTHISDISCUSSION现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了11虚拟语气在由某些连词或个词引出的表示条件、目的的状语从句中的使用。常见的这些连词和介词有1UNLESS除非，PROVIDED倘若，SUPPOSING假若，PROVIDING倘若,ONCONDITIONTHAT如果,由这些词、词组引出的从句，动词多用过去时。除非你命令他做，要不他是不会做的。HEWOULDNTDOITUNLESSYOUORDEREDHIMTO假若你有机会出国，你会去哪儿呢精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创7/17PROVIDINGYOUHADTHEOPPORTUNITYTOGOABROAD,WHEREWOULDYOUGO12SOTHAT以便，FORFEARTHAT以免,唯恐，INORDERTHAT以便，WHETHER不管，LEST以免，INCASE假使，从句中加情态动词，有时SHOULD可省略。他把它藏起来以免她看见。HEHIDITLESTSHESHOULDSEEIT我得准备点啤酒，说不定约翰会来。ILLGETSOMEBEERINCASEJOHNSHOULDCOME他轻轻地进屋，以免吵醒他的同房。HEENTEREDTHEROOMQUIETLYINORDERTHATHESHOULDNOTWAKEHISROOMMATE13IFONLY如果表示对现在的愿望，句中的谓语动词常用过去式；如果表示将来的愿望，句中的谓语动词常用WOULD/COULD动词原形；如果表示对过去的愿望，句中的谓语动词常用HAD过去分词。IFONLYI_YOUIFONLYYOU_COMEYESTERDAYIFONLYLINDACOULDGOWITHUSTOMORROW精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创8/17IFONLYIHADSAIDMOREABOUTITONLYIF表示“只有“；IFONLY则表示“如果就好了“。IFONLY也可用于陈述语气。IWAKEUPONLYIFTHEALARMCLOCKRINGS只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。IFONLYTHEALARMCLOCKHADRUNG当时闹钟响了，就好了。IFONLYHECOMESEARLY但愿他早点回来。虚拟语气精练60题1THEBOYACTED_HEHADNEVERLIVEDINCANADABEFOREAASTHOUGHBEVENIFCASDSINCE2IFYOUWEREOLDENOUGH,I_YOUTOGOTHEREYESTERDAYAWILLALLOWBSHOULDALLOWCWOULDHAVEALLOWEDDHADALLOWED3THESECRETARYSUGGESTEDTHATTHEY_THEMENINATONCEAHADBROUGHTBSHOULDHAVEBROUGHTCBROUGHTDBRING4IFWEARRIVEDHERETENMINUTESEARLIER,WE_THEBUSASHOULDHAVECATCHBWOULDHAVECAUGHTCHADCAUGHTDWOULDCATCH5DONTTOUCHTHESLEEPINGTIGERIFHEWOKEUP,HE_YOUAWOULDATTACKBSHOULDATTACKCWOULDHAVEATTACKEDDWILLATTACK精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创9/176WITHOUTELECTRICITY,HUMANLIFE_QUITEDIFFERENTTODAYAISBWILLBECWOULDHAVEBEENDWOULDBE7HOWIWISHI_TOREAPAIRTHEWATCHIONLYMADEITWORSEAHADTRIEDBHADNTTRIEDCHAVETRIEDDDIDNTTRY8HEDEMANDEDTHATTHELABORATORYREPORT_IMMEDIATELYAFTERTHEEXPERIMENTWASDONEAWASWRITTENBBEWRITTENCMUSTBEWRITTENDWOULDBEWRITTEN9IFONLYI_HOWTOOPERATEANELECTRONICCOMPUTERASYOUDOAHADKNOWNBWOULDKNOWCSHOULDKNOWDKNEW10IFHE_TOTHETEACHERATTENTIVELY,HE_THEANSWERTOTHEPROBLEMNOWAHADLISTENED,WOULDHAVEKNOWNBLISTENED,WOULDKNOWCLISTENED,WOULDHAVEKNOWNDHADLISTENED,WOULDKNOW11IWOULDHAVECOMEEARLIER,BUTI_THATYOUWEREWAITINGFORMEADIDNTKNOWBHADNTKNOWCWOULDHAVEKNOWNDHAVENTKNOWN12ITISREALLYSTRANGETHATMARRY,WHOISSTILLACOLLEGESTUDNET,_SOEARLY精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创10/17AHASBEENMARRIEDBHASMARRIEDCBEMARRIEDDWOULDMARRY13THETEACHERAGREEDTOTHESUGGESTIONTHATTHESTUDENTS_TWOWEEKSTOPREPAREFORTHEEXAMAGIVEBSHOULDGIVECBEGIVENDWOULDBEGIVEN14IWASBUSYYESTERDAY,OTHERWISEI_YOURBIRTHDAYPARTYAATTENDEDBHADATTENDEDCWOULDATTENDDWOULDHAVEATTENDED15THETWOSTRANGERSTALKEDASIFTHEY_FRIENDSFORYEARSAWEREBWOULDBECHAVEBEENDHADBEEN16ITISIMPORTANTTHATYOU_ACOMMUNICATIONWITHMRWILLIANSIMMEDIATELYAHAVEBHADCWILLHAVEDWOULDHAVE17ITISHIGHTIMEWE_UPOURRESULTSASUMBSUMMEDCWILLSUMDWOULDSUM18IFTHEDOCTORHADBEENAVAILABLE,THECHILD_AWOULDNOTDIEBWOULDNOTHAVEDIEDCCOULDNOTDIEDCOULDNOTHAVEDIED19ICANTSTANDHIMHEALWAYSTALKSASTHOUGHHE_EVERYTHINGAKNEWBKNOWSCHASKNOWNDHADKNOWN20IFYOUHADTOLDMEINADVANCE,I_HIMATTHEAIRPORTAWOULDMEETBWOULDHADMEETCWOULDHAVEMETDWOULDHAVEM精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创11/17EET21KUNARCANTAKEHISCARAPARTANDPUTITBACKTOGETHERAGAINICERTAINLYWISHHE_MEHOWATEACHESBWILLTEACHCHASTAUGHTDWOULDTEACH22IWOULDHAVECALLEDYOUUPFORHELPHADITBEENPOSSIBLE,BUTI_YOURPHONENUMBERTHENAHADNTHADBDIDNTHAVECSHOULDNTHAVEDCOULDNTHAVE23IFIT_ANOTHERTENMINUTES,THEGAMEWOULDHAVEBEENCALLEDOFFAHADRAINEDBWOULDHADRAINEDCHAVESEENDDIDSEE24HESUGGESTEDTHATTHEY_USEATRICKINSTEADOFFIGHTINGASHOULDBWOULDCDODHAD25“WHYDIDNTYOUBUYANEWCAR”“IWOULDHAVEBOUGHTONEIFI_ENOUGHMONEY”AHADBHAVEHADCWOULDHAVEDHADHAD26IRECOMMENDEDTHATTHESTUDENT_HISCOMPOSITIONASSOONASPOSSIBLEAFINISHINGWRITINGBSHOULDFINISHTHEWRITINGCFINISHWRITINGDFINISHEDWRITING27THEBAKERSARRIVEDLASTNIGHT,IFTHEYDONLYLETUSKNOWEARLIER,_ATTHESTATION精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创12/17AWEDMEETTHEMBWELLMEETTHEMCWEDHAVEMETTHEMDWEVEMETTHEM28WEMIGHTHAVEFAILEDIFYOU_USAHELPINGHANDAHAVENOTGIVENBWOULDNOTGIVECHADNOTGIVENDDIDNOTGIVE29THELAWREQUIRESTHATEVERYONE_HISCARCHECKEDATLEASTONCEAYEARAHASBHADCWILLHAVEDHAVE30THELIBRARIANINSISTSTHATJOHN_NOMOREBOOKSFROMTHELIBRARYBEFOREHERETURNSALLTHEBOOKSHEHADBORROWEDAWILLTAKEBTOOKCTAKEDTAKES31THENCAMEAWORDFROMOURBOSSTHATWEALL_ATPRESENTATHISOFFICERIGHTAWAYABEBTOBECWOULDBEDSHALLBE32HELENCOULDNTGOTTOFRANCEAFTERALLTHATSTOOBAD,IMSURESHEWOULDHAVEENJOYEDITIF_ASHESGONEBSHELLGOCSHEDGONEDSHEDGO33IMUSTGOTHEREEARLIERJOHNHASSUGGESTEDTHATI_ANHOURBEFORETHEDISCUSSIONBEGINSAGOBSHALLGOCWILLGODWOULDGO34BUTFORTHEGUIDANCEOFOURINSTRUCTOR导师,精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创13/17WE_INTHEEXPERIMENTASHOULDNTSUCCEEDBCOULDNOTHAVESUCCEEDCWILLNOTSUCCEEDDSHOULDNOTHAVESUCCEEDED35INTHEPASTMENGENERALLYWOULDRATHERTHATTHEIRWIVES_INTHEHOMEAWORKEDBWOULDWORKCWORKDWEREWORKING36JOHNDIDNOTFEELWELLYESTERDAYOTHERWISEHE_TOSEEHISCLASSMATESOFFACAMEBWOULDCOMECWOULDHAVECOMEDSHOULDBECOMING37ITSABOUTTIMEPEOPLE_NOTICEOFWHATWOMENDIDDURINGTHEWARATAKEBTOOKCHAVETAKENDWILLTAKE38SOMEPEOPLEARETOOPARTICULARABOUTSCHOOLRECORDS,INSISTINGTHATEVERYAPPLICANT_ALLDIPLOMASFROMELEMENTARYSCHOOLTOUNIVERSITYAHASBWILLHAVECSHOULDHAVEDMUSTHAVE39WITHOUTELECTRONICCOMPUTERS,MUCHOFTODAYSADVANCEDTECHNOLOGY_AWILLNOTHAVEBEENACHIEVEDBHAVENOTBEENACHIEVEDCWOULDNOTHAVEBEENACHIEVEDDHADNOTBEENACHIEVED40THESUNRISESINTHEEASTANDSETSINTHEWEST,SOITSEEMSASIFTHESUN_ROUNDTHEEARTH精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创14/17AWERECIRCLINGBCIRCLESCISCIRCLINGDBECIRCLING41THEREISAREALPOSSIBILITYTHATTHESEANIMALSCOULDBEFRIGHTENED,_ASUDDENLOUDNOISEABEINGTHEREBSHOULDTHEREBECTHEREWASDTHEREHAVINGBEEN42_MORECAREFUL,HISSHIPWOULDNOTHAVESUNKAIFTHECAPTAINWEREBHADTHECAPTAINBEENCSHOULDTHECAPTAINBEDIFTHECAPTAINWOULDHAVEBEEN43ITISHARDFORMETOIMAGINEWHATIWOULDBEDOINGTODAYIFI_INLOVE，ATTHEAGEOFSEVEN，WITHTHEMELINDACOXLIBRARYINMYHOMETOWNAWOULDNTHAVEFALLENBHADNOTFALLENCSHOULDFALLDWERETOFALL44SHEINSISTEDTHATSHE_ILLOFHIMBEHINDHIM，BUTHEDIDNTBELIEVEITAHADNTSPOKENBSHOULDNTSPEAKCWOULDNTSPEAKDNOTSPEAK45SHECOULDNTHAVEANSWEREDTHEQUESTIONIFSHE_AFEWBOOKSONWORLDHISTORYAHADNTREADBHASNTREADCWOULDNTREADDDIDNTREAD46IWENTTOTHEMEETINGYESTERDAYBECAUSEI_NOTHING精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创15/17ABOUTTHEDISCUSSIONWITHOUTATTENDINGITADIDNTKNOWBWOULDKNOWCKNEWDWOULDHAVEKNOWN47ISNTITABOUTTIMETHATYOU_TOPICKUPTHEVISITORSFROMNEWYORKAWENTBSHOULDGOCGODWILLGO48WHENAPENCILISPARTLYINAGLASSOFWATER，ITLOOKSASIFIT_ABREAKSBHASBROKENCWEREBROKENDHADBEENBROKEN49HISSILENCEATTHEMEETINGSUGGESTEDTHATHE_TOYOURPLANADIDNTAGREEBHADNTAGREEDCWOULDNTAGREEDNOTAGREE50THEYOUNGMANINSISTEDTHATHE_NOTHINGWRONGAND_FREEIMMEDIATELYADIDSETBHADDONESHOULDBESETCDOBESETDHADDONEMUSTBESET51IFYOU_TOSEEMARY,WHATWOULDYOUTELLHERAAREBWILLBEGOINGCHADDWERE52IFTHEWHO