四级作文范文和模板.doc

1. 家庭支出变化 Statistics of Family Expenses in Shanghai 1980 19902000Food & Clothing68%45%20% Recreation3% 5% 8%Education6% 16% 22%Health Care6% 10% 16%Others17% 24% 35%1.根据上图描述该城市家庭支出的变化 2.分析产生这些变化的原因 3.说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响 As is shown in the chart, the food and clothing decrease steadily from 1980 to 2000. On the contrary, the recreation went up slowly. While education advanced sharply. Statistics of health care rose greatly. Others were doubled in 2000. As is shown in the table above, dramatic changes have taken place in family expenses in the City of Shanghai within two decades (from 1980 to 2000). The most obvious change is in expense on food and clothing, which has dropped by 48%, while those on recreation, education and health care have increased respectively by 5%, l6% and l0%. Expenses on other things keep rising from 17% to 35%. The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolation but are in fact closely related to one another. The most likely factors accounting for these changes are as follows: Development in economy is the fundamental one. The increased income results in the lowering percentage of food and clothing. That is to say, a small percentage of the total income is enough to cover food and clothing expenses. Another factor lies in the development of peoples concept. When people are well fed and well dressed, they begin to interest themselves in recreation and education. These changes should also be attributed to social reforms. In the 1990s, college education was not totally free as it was before, which also accounts for the rising expenses on education. Soon after, the government gradually stopped offering houses to its citizens without charges. People had to save a large proportion of their money for housing. Thats partly why the expenses for others doubled. As for the more expenses on health care, I figure there are two main reasons: the cancellation of free medical care and peoples awareness of the importance of health. The changes reflect the development of the city and indicate that people are enjoying more.2. 学生出勤率1. 现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象 2. 保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性 3. 作为一个大学生应该怎样做 Attend Your Classes RegularlyNowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes. And still there are some students who slip out of the classroom before the class is over. Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers. In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly. First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning. That is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study. Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers, too. Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the students. Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future. Therefore, university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on. And well benefit from it.3. 大学生使用信用卡On Credit CardAt present, a wide variety of credit cards issued by major banks and shopping malls are thriving in colleges and universities across the nation, with a multitude of college students making up a growing population of card holders. Indeed, one out of five students is estimated to be in possession of at least one credit card, and the figure is expected to be on the steady increase, the latest data published by Yangtze Evening Post suggests. Like anything prior to the emergence of this small piece of plastic, the increasing popularity of credit card on campus has both bright and dark sides. On the one hand, young adults in college, free from the trouble of pocketing a considerable sum of cash, could enjoy the convenience of credit cards and purchase expensive goods by installments. On the other hand, however, the irresponsible and excessive use of the cards by these youngsters, the majority of whom are fresh out of middle school incapable of budgeting their money, can make them heavily in debt which will take them years to pay off. On my personal level, while enjoying a host of conveniences the credit card may bring, we couldnt afford to ignore a conspicuous fact: in most cases, parents are our sole financial sources. Instead of spending without any restrict, we are supposed to put studies on the top of our agenda and move ourselves beyond heavy dependence upon our parent.4. 低碳生活 1.目前低碳生活成为一种流行 2.低碳生活指的是 3.作为大学生我应该怎么做Low-carbon LifestyleWith the advent of the global environmental protection campaign, “low-carbon” has become an increasingly popular expression, a catch phrase, among the environmentally-conscious people. White-collar workers pride themselves on going to offices on bicycles, on foot, or even on roller skates instead of being “the men behind the wheel”. Housewives save water after washing vegetables or clothes for flushing the toilet. Everybody seems to be an environmental activist nowadays. By “low-carbon lifestyle”, we refer to a pattern of life involving minimum emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), the most important greenhouse gas produced by human activities, such as the automobile exhaust. Carbon dioxide is detrimental to human, animal and plant life because it is the primary contributor to global warming that threatens to raise the sea level, leading to the extinction of animals and plants, and ultimately to that of human beings. There is only one Mother Earth for human beings and, literally speaking, preserving the Earth means preserving humanity itself. The pursuit of a low-carbon lifestyle seems to be a vogue to many people but, in essence, it is a long-term necessity. As college students, there are many ways we can become involved in low-carbon endeavors. We can conserve water, recycle our textbooks, and turn off lights on leaving our classrooms. We can resort to public transportations like buses and subways instead of taxis or private cars. Most importantly, we should reduce the use of computers by rejecting meaningless computer games. Even as students, we have a whole range of channels to pursue a low-carbon lifestyle that is beneficial to ourselves and to humanity as a whole.5. 食品安全问题1.接连发生的食品安全问题引起大家的密切关注，比如牛奶问题2.请分析一下食品安全的重要性3. 你认为相关部门应采取什么措施加强食品安全The problem of food safety has attracted much attention recently. Everyone is astonished at the news that thousands of babies suffered from serious health problems because they had been fed with some poisonous milk products.The issue of food safety is so important that we cannot afford to ignore it. For one thing, food safety concerns the well-being of all the people in the country. As is shown in the poisonous milk powder case, unsafe food does great harm to the health of consumers. For another, failure to ensure the safety of food causes damage to the image of our government, especially when such food is exported to other countries. Furthermore, unsafe food can undermine consumers confidence in the food industry, which may cause disastrous effect to our economy.Therefore, it is high time that our government should take measures to make sure that all the food in our country is safe to eat. The government must strictly carry out food safety standards, and impose severe punishment on those who violate them.6. 考证热1. 近几年大学生们热衷于考取各种各样的证书，校园内出现“考证热”2. 产生这种现象的原因3. 我的看法Nowadays there is a certificate craze on campus. Thousands of college students are keen on working for various certificates, such as CET-4 and CET-6 certificates, Business English Certificate, and other different professional certificates.But why is there such a craze? First, it has much to do with the competitive workforce market. It is widely believed that the more certificates a college student has on graduation, the better chance he has for a decent job. Second, many students just want to prove themselves by working for a certificate. They have been interested in a certain field and have worked hard on it, so they want a certificate to justify their efforts. I think the certificate craze is good for both the society and students. When students combine their work for some certificates with their academic efforts, their college life will be more fruitful than otherwise.7. 论文抄袭1. 论文抄袭（plagiarism）现象频频出现2. 由此带来的问题3. 如何杜绝这种状况Plagiarism has been an increasingly serious problem on campus. Many college students use others ideas without reasonably stating the sources. Even some professors are discovered to have borrowed passages from the works of others. Undoubtedly plagiarism has much bad effect. First, those whose works have been plagiarized suffer losses because their efforts were not duly recognized. Second, those who plagiarize also endure great mental pressures. Plagiarism may have brought them something they need for the moment, but they are always in a fear that someday their plagiarism may be disclosed, and then their career may be totally destroyed. Finally, plagiarism brings negative impact on the ordinary people. They may lose their faith in the academic field and no longer believe in the saying Honesty is the best policy. To avoid plagiarism, both prevention and correction are needed. For prevention, all people should be taught lessons on the various forms of plagiarism. For correction, severe punishment is called for when plagiarism is discovered.9. 大学生写微博1. 现在很多人热衷用微博来表达心声2. 有人支持，有人反对3. 在我看来The popularity of Micro-blogIn recent years, micro-blog has been increasingly popular. Precisely, micro-blog has become part of peoples life. It seems that everybody has a Micro-blog. They keep blogs to note down what happens to them, to describe their emotions and feelings, and to express opinions on current affairs.There are different views regarding this phenomenon. Some people think its a good idea for college students to keep a blog. They say blogs do not only provide an outlet for the students inner feelings like traditional diaries, but also provide a channel through which young people can communicate with one another. Others think differently. They are afraid that some students have spent too much time on their blogs, trying hard to win clicks and replies. Therefore both their academic work and their everyday interpersonal relationships may suffer.In my opinion, both views are reasonable. While writing blogs are advisable, the students also need to be aware of its potential shortcomings.10. 电视真人秀1. 时下电视真人秀（如超级女声、梦想中国等节目）非常流行2. 有人认为真人秀很好，可以展现自己，体会人生，有人却不喜欢3. 我的看法Nowadays, TV shows are very popular. TV programs like Super Girls and Dreams in China have attracted thousands of people to participate, and many more wait to watch them when there are no show.Why are so many people interested in such programs? Advocates say that these programs provide excellent opportunities for young people to express themselves and to show their specialty. They help improve young peoples self-confidence and can add to their courage.However, some people criticize these programs, arguing that they are not only a waste of energy, money and time, but also a revelation of social vanity.From my point of view, we need not to be too critical about such TV programs. If they can bring happiness to those participants as well as to the audience, they are justifiably entitled to prosper.写作模板一、 文章开头句型1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法， 适用于有争议性的主题。1. When asked about., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that. But I think/view a bit differently.2. When it comes to., some people believe that. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements , but (I agree with the former/latter .)3. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that. They claim/ believe/argue that . But I wonder/doubt whether. 1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题，然后评论。1. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) . has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern(public attention).2. Recently the issue of /the problem of/the phenomenon of .has been brought into focus. (has been brought to public attention)3.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.1-3 观点法 -开门见山，直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法。1. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that.2. Now there is a growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to.Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of .3. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.1-4 引用法 - 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，来引出文章要展开论述的观点。1. Knowledge is power. such is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.Education is not complete with graduation. such is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.2.How often do we hear statements like “.”.In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this .1-5 比较法 - 通过对过去、现在两种不同的倾向、观点的比较，引出文章要讨论的观点。1. For years, .had been viewed as . But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing . , people . .2. People used to think that . (In the past, .) But people now share this new.1-6 故事法 - 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣，引出文章的主题。1. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt . The phenomenon of . has aroused public concern.2. I have a friend who . Should he . ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.3. Once upon a time , there lived a man who . This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.1-7 问题法 - 先用讨论或解答的设问，引出自己观点， 适用于有争议性的话题。Should/What . ? Options of . vary greatly , some ., others .But in my opinion , . . 二、 文章中间主体内容句型原因结果分析2-1. 基本原因 - 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.1. Why . ? For one thing. For another.2. The answer to this problem involves many factors. For one thing., For another. Still another.3. A number of factors, both physical and psychological affect. /both individual and social contribute t .2-2 另一原因 - 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!1. Another important factor i .2. . is also responsible for the change/problem.3. Certainly, the . is not the sole reason for .2-3 后果影响 - 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 .1. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on.2. It involves some serious consequence for. 2-4 比较对照句型2-4-1. 两者比较 - 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 1. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B.2. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.3. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.2-4-2 . 两者相同/相似 - 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点