精编雅思阅读listofheading.ppt

雅思阅读第二讲 Listofheadings 1 题例 剑4 4 2 Tipsonlistofheadings 题目出现在文章前 要特别注意不要漏做每个标题只用一次标题多于选项 拿不准一个选项先标上多个标题 有空再细看示例中已经选过的段落直接划掉不看 节约时间 3 英文文章结构 学术类多为议论说明文多常采用线条清晰而简单的文章结构 总分式 开头论点 论据或说明 结尾重申Topicsentencesupportingideas examplesRepitition suggestionLocationoftopicsentence 80 首句 15 末句 5 左右在中间 4 实例 主题句与支持句 Inagrowingnumberofhotelsandskyscrapersacrossthenation steelwallshavereplacedthefoot thickbrickandmortarwallsonceused Testsshowthatasteelwallfourinchesthickhasbetterinsulatingqualitiesthana12 inchthicknessofmasonry Inaddition steel curtainwallpanelssavebothtimeandlabor Andthefloorspaceconservedbyuseofthethinwallasagainstthethickwallinabigofficebuildingcanmeanacoupleofhundreddollarsayearinrentals Topicsentence Inagrowingnumberofhotelsandskyscrapersusesteelwallsinsteadofbrick and mortarwalls Supportingideas 1 Asteelwallhasbetterinsulatingproperties 2 Steelwallpanelssavetimeandlabor 3 Asteelwallconservesfloorspace 5 解题步骤 6 解题侧重点 选项着手 抓住每个heading中的KEYWORDS文章着手 抓住文章每段的主题句无主题句者 需要你从共性的东西中总结推断 可重点关注段落中的重复字眼 7 注意改写现象 Headings是原文主题的浓缩改写文章中更具体 选项更概括 更抽象Headings中的关键词可能在原文中会以改写的方式出现 8 主题句非固定特征 主题句 需要你细读 包含性最强的句子转折 递进式的句子a But however等之后的句子b Although inspiteof despite的主句表结论 推断等sbbelieve hold imply suggest等引导的宾从4 表定义Aisdefinedas Aisknownas Ais Namely Thatis Thisis 9 非主题句特征 非主题句 需要略过 举例包含细节的句子问句从句 10 主题句的常规特征 Feature 1 某特定单词反复出现2 以指代词形式出现3 以同义词 近义词 同类词的形式出现 11 1 某特定单词反复出现 Animalscanmovefromplacetoplace butplantscannot Whenananimalisunderattack itcanrunawayorfightback Plantscertainlycannotrunaway andtheylackteethandclaws Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans plants Plants plants 12 2 以指代词形式出现 Tropicalfisharebecomingincreasinglypopular Variedincolor theyaredecorativeforhomes officesandevenstorewindows Therisingofsuchfishisrecommendedasarelaxinghobbyforpeopleinjobsinvolvingmuchtension Manyhobbyistshavemademoneybybreedingthosefishvarietiesforwhichthereisaspecialdemand Tropicalfisharebecomingincreasinglypopular Variedincolor theyaredecorativeforhomes officesandevenstorewindows Therisingofsuchfishisrecommendedasarelaxinghobbyforpeopleinjobsinvolvingmuchtension Manyhobbyistshavemademoneybybreedingthosefishvarietiesforwhichthereisaspecialdemand 13 3 以同义词 近义词 同类词形式出现 SydneyishometothestateArtGalleryofNewSouthWales theSateConservatoriumofMusic theAustralianOpera theSydneyDanceCompany andtheAustralianBallet Theworld classSydneySymphonyOrchestraoffersgreatclassicalmusicallyearround Localtheatreiscreativeandwellsupported andlarge scaleoverseasproductionstourregularly SydneyishometothestateArtGalleryofNewSouthWales theSateConservatoriumofMusic theAustralianOpera theSydneyDanceCompany andtheAustralianBallet Theworld classSydneySymphonyOrchestraoffersgreatclassicalmusicallyearround Localtheatreiscreativeandwellsupported andlarge scaleoverseasproductionstourregularly 14 特例 notopicsentence 某些段落主题句不明显 是一系列细节的罗列 此时需要归纳出它们所属的类别 ParagraphC Thereisatoasteroven ablender andacanopenerononecounter Ihaveamicrowaveovenonanother Inmycupboard youcanfindamixerandahotairpopcornpopper Onthefarsideofthekitchen thereisacoffeemachineandcoffeegrinder Heading4kitchenutensils 15 Hintsfromwordsintheheadings 1 wordssignifyingthebeginningofapassage2 wordssignifyingtheendofapassage 16 1 wordssignifyingthebeginning 1 名词 of 文章主标题concept conception introduction definition explanation notion core essence justification view mainidea demonstration orientation initiation whatis 文章主标题 2 动词 文章主标题define justify 3 形容词 名词 of 文章主标题basic intrinsic fundamental factors elementsof topic 17 2 wordssignifyingtheending effect affect impact consequenceresult generalization 概括 conclusion summary aftermath anticipationprospect vision 前景 文章的TOPIC 18 Exercisesonheading Pleaseidentifythebestheadingforeachparagraphaccordingtowhatyouread 19 20 无主题句 都是细节 21 22 主题句为第一句Ais 23 24 首句非主题句 此段中心只能推断 根据句子间的逻辑关系 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Practice1 36 37 Answer iv 38 39 Answer i 40 4