Never Give In, Never, Never, Never

CourseDescriptionoftheSemester Contentscovered thefirst12unitsTeachingforeachunit about5periods includingpre readingactivities structuralanalysis detailedtextexplanation textcomprehensionofthefirsttext exercisesafterthefirsttextandiftimeavailablereadingcomprehensionofthesecondtextforeachunit Requirementofthecourse previewingbeforeclassandreviewingafterclass focusingonvocabulary grammarandfinishingthewritingexerciseaftereachunit Gradingofthecourse 30percentforyourroutineparticipation presentationandexercises and70percentforthefinalexamination UnitOne NeverGiveIn Never Never Never ObjectivesofTeaching TocomprehendthewholestoryTounderstandthestructureofthetextToappreciatethestyleandrhetoricofthepassageTostudyonspeechanditscomposition Toappreciatethestyleandrhetoricofthepassage Togetsomeknowledgeonhowtomakeaforcefulspeech TomastereffectivewritingskillsusedintheessayToconductaseriesofdiscussing analyzing presentingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeofthisessay ImportantandDifficultpoints TeachingProcess Pre readingquestionsandBackgroundinformationMainideaofthetextStructureofthetextTextanalysisKeywordsandstructuresRhetoricalfeaturesHowtomakeagoodspeech Pre readingandbackgroundinformation WhatdoyouknowofWinstonChurchill Youask whatisouraim Icananswerwithoneword victory victoryatallcosts victoryinspiteofallterror victoryhoweverlongandhardtheroadmaybe forwithoutvictorythereisnosurvival SirWinstonLeonardSpencerChurchill 1874 1965 May1940 May1945firsttenureasP M Oct 1951 Jan 1955secondtenureasP M 1953knightedasSirWinstonChurchill1953theNobelPrizeinLiterature1955refusingthetitleofduke DoyouknowwhenWorldWarIIbrokeout Whatelsedoyouknowaboutit BeforeWorldWarII 1937JapaninvadedCentralChina 1938theannexationofAustriabyGermany1938MunichPact whichsacrificedmuchofCzechoslovakiatoGermanyAug 1939Russia Germanynon aggressionpact Sept 1 1939GermaninvasionofPoland BLITZ lightningwarSept 3 1939FranceandBritaindeclaredwaronGermany officiallybeginningWorldWarII CauseofWorldWarII 1 TreatyofVersaillessolvednothingReparationsleftmanypeopleinthevictoriousnationsfeelingguilty ThelossofallthatlandtoothercountriessimplymadeHitler searlyaggressionlookjustified Self determinationsurroundedGermanybyalotofsmallnationstatesthatfelleasypreytoGermany TheTreatymadetheGermansangry justwaitingtheirchanceforrevenge 2 LeagueofNationsfailedtokeepthepeaceItwasweakfromthebeginning andhadspectacularfailuresinManchuria North eastofChina andEthiopia andinmakingHitlerkeeptheTreatyofVersailles Itfailedtoachievedisarmament CountriesleftthefailingLeague andrealizedthattheywouldhavetofightawar 3 AppeasementAppeasementencouragedwarandmadeHitlerthinknoonedarestophim whichencouragedhimtogofurtherandfurtheruntilintheendhewenttoofar TheSudetenland North westofCzechoslovakia ledStalintomaketheNazi SovietPact becausehebelievedhecouldnottrustBritain 4 HitlerManyhistoriansstillthinkthattheSecondWorldWarwasHitler spersonalwar andthathealwaysintendedtofightawarasarerunofaFirstWorldWarhedidnotbelievethatGermanhadlostfairly Nazism Nationalsozialist thebodyofpoliticalandeconomicdoctrinesheldandputintoeffectbytheNazisinGermanyfrom1933to1945Totalitarian 极权主义者 principleofgovernmentpredominanceofespeciallyGermanicgroupsassumedtoberaciallysuperiorsupremacyofthef hrer Mainideaofthetext Question Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker Toalterawordintheverseofaschoolsongwritteninhishonor Toencouragepeopletoholdoninthesternsituation ToconvincepeopletherethatBritainwillwinthefinalvictory OnOctober29 1941 UnitedKingdom GreatBritain PrimeMinisterWinstonChurchillvisitedHarrowSchooltohearthetraditionalsongshehadsungthereasayouth aswellastospeaktothestudents Thisbecameoneofhismostquotedspeeches duetodistortionsthatevolvedaboutwhatheactuallysaid ThisisaninspiringspeechinwhichheencouragestheBritishpeopletokeeponfightingagainsttheFascists Structureofthespeech Thewholespeechcanbedividedinto3parts PartI para 1 TheopeningremarksPart2 paras 2 5 ThebodyofthespeechPart3 paras 6 8 Theclosingremarks Textanalysis TextINeverGiveIn Never Never Never 1AlmostayearhaspassedsinceIcamedownhereatyourHeadMaster skindinvitationinordertocheermyselfandcheertheheartsofafewofmyfriendsbysingingsomeofourownsongs Theintroductionofthebackground Whatwastheintentionofsingingsomeoftheirsongs Thetenmonthsthathavepassedhaveseenveryterriblecatastrophiceventsintheworld upsanddowns misfortunes butcananyonesittingherethisafternoon thisOctoberafternoon notfeeldeeplythankfulforwhathashappenedinthetimethathaspassedandfortheverygreatimprovementinthepositionofourcountryandofourhome Whydidheusethosewordswhentalkingaboutthemenaceoftheenemy Why whenIwasherelasttimewewerequitealone desperatelyalone andwehadbeensoforfiveorsixmonths Wewerepoorlyarmed Wearenotsopoorlyarmedtoday butthenwewereverypoorlyarmed Wehadtheunmeasuredmenaceoftheenemyandtheirairattackstillbeatinguponus andyouyourselveshadhadexperienceofthisattack andIexpectyouarebeginningtofeelimpatientthattherehasbeenthislonglullwithnothingparticularturningup ChurchillsummarizedthegreateventsthathadhappenedintheworldwithGreatBritaininparticularandthentalkedaboutthepurposeofthevisit ToencouragethewholenationtofightagainsttheNazis 2Butwemustlearntobeequallygoodatwhatisshortandsharpandwhatislongandtough ItisgenerallysaidthattheBritishareoftenbetteratthelast Theydonotexpecttomovefromcrisistocrisis theydonotalwaysexpectthateachdaywillbringupsomenoblechanceofwar butwhentheyveryslowlymakeuptheirmindsthatthethinghastobedoneandthejobputthroughandfinished then evenifittakesmonths ifittakesyears theydoit Whatdidhemeanbysayingthese 3AnotherlessonIthinkwemaytake justthrowingourmindsbacktoourmeetingheretenmonthsagoandnow isthatappearancesareoftenverydeceptive andasKiplingwellsays wemust meetwithTriumphandDisaster Andtreatthosetwoimpostorsjustthesame WhydidhequoteKipling swords 4Youcannottellfromappearanceshowthingswillgo Sometimesimaginationmakesthingsoutfarworsethantheyare yetwithoutimaginationnotmuchcanbedone Thosepeoplewhoareimaginativeseemanymoredangersthanperhapsexist certainlymanymorethanwillhappen butthentheymustalsopraytobegiventhatextracouragetocarrythisfar reachingimagination Butforeveryone surely whatwehavegonethroughinthisperiod IamaddressingmyselftotheSchool surelyfromthisperiodoftenmonths thisisthelesson Nevergivein Nevergivein Never never never never innothing greatorsmall largeorpetty nevergivein excepttoconvictionsofhonorandgoodsense Neveryieldtoforce Neveryieldtotheapparentlyoverwhelmingmightoftheenemy Givein or giveup Westoodallaloneayearago andtomanycountriesitseemedthatouraccountwasclosed wewerefinished Allthistraditionofours oursongs ourSchoolhistory thispartofthehistoryofthiscountry weregoneandfinishedandliquidated 5Verydifferentisthemoodtoday Britain othernationsthought haddrawnaspongeacrossherslate Butinsteadourcountrystoodinthegap Therewasnoflinchingandnothoughtofgivingin andbywhatseemedalmostamiracletothoseoutsidetheseIslands thoughweourselvesneverdoubtedit wenowfindourselvesinapositionwhereIsaythatwecanbesurethatwehaveonlytoperseveretoconquer Why Thispartistoinspirethepeopletomaintaintherelentlessspiritofthisnationandtofightforthefinalvictoryofthisgreatwar 6YousanghereaverseofaSchoolSong yousangthatextraversewritteninmyhonor whichIwasverygreatlycomplimentedbyandwhichyouhaverepeatedtoday ButthereisonewordinitIwanttoalter Iwantedtodosolastyear butIdidnotventureto Itistheline Notlesswepraiseindarkerdays NotlesswepraiseindarkerdaysTheleaderofournation AndChurchill snameshallwinacclaimFromeachnewgeneration Foryouhavepowerindanger shourOurfreedomtodefend Sir ThoughlongthefightweknowthatrightWilltriumphintheend Sir 7IhaveobtainedtheHeadMaster spermissiontoalterdarkertosterner Notlesswepraiseinsternerdays 8Donotletusspeakofdarkerdays letusspeakratherofsternerdays Thesearenotdarkdays thesearegreatdays thegreatestdaysourcountryhaseverlived andwemustallthankGodthatwehavebeenallowed eachofusaccordingtoourstations toplayapartinmakingthesedaysmemorableinthehistoryofourrace Whydidhealter Churchillreiteratedhisinspirationsbychangingawordinaverseofatraditionalsong Historicalsignificance ThiswasanotheroftheinspiratingspeechesbyChurchillduringWorldWarII Itisamusingtoseehowtheonesectionhasbeenchangedandquotedasthewholespeech Keywordsandsentences Upsanddowns Amixtureofgoodthingsandbadthings e g Sittingbesidethewindow herecalledtheupsanddownsofhisparenthood 他们现在生活富裕了 但也曾经历过坎坷 Theyarewell to donow butalongthewaytheyhadtheirupsanddowns Catastrophica Catastrophen Agreat oftensuddencalamity 2 Acompletefailure afiasco Thefoodwascold theguestsquarreled thewholedinnerwasacatastrophe 3 Theconcludingactionofadrama especiallyaclassicaltragedy followingtheclimaxandcontainingaresolutionoftheplot Thecatastropheofatragedyusuallybringsdeathorruintotheleadingcharacter 悲剧的结局常常是主角死亡或毁灭 TheirEnglishpartyturnedouttobeacatastrophe 他们的英语晚会结局糟透了 Misfortunen Badfortuneorillluck Theconditionresultingfrombadfortuneorilllucksuffermisfortune遭受不幸companionsinmisfortune患难之交bymisfortune不幸have meetwith amisfortune生了一个私生子havethemisfortuneto do 不幸 而 Misfortunescomeonwingsanddepartonfoot 谚 遭祸容易脱祸难 M mightbeablessingindisguise 谚 塞翁失马 安知非福 Misfortunesnevercomealone single Onemisfortunecallsupanother 谚 祸不单行 Misfortunestelluswhatfortuneis 谚 不经灾难不知福 TheverygreatimprovementThebetterarmamentoftheBritishforcesandassistancefromtheU S TheunmeasuredmenaceoftheenemyTheimmenseorincalculablethreatordangeroftheenemyattackmenacen Apossibledanger athreat Theactofthreatening Atroublesomeorannoyingperson themenaceofnuclearwar atoddlerwhowasamenaceinashopfullofcrystal 你这人真讨厌 You reamenace 他用威胁的口气说 Hespokewithmenaceinhisvoice 漫不经心的驾驶员对于路上所有车辆和行人都是危险的 Acarelessdriverisamenacetoallroadusers v Toutterthreatsagainst Toconstituteathreatto两个人携带武器胁迫他交出钱 Twomenmenacedhimwithweaponsandforcedhimtogiveuphismoney menacewithone sfistclenched 握紧拳头进行威胁 youarebeginningtofeelimpatientthattherehasbeenthislonglull youarebeginningtobeanxiousbecausetherehasbeennoprogressofthewarinsuchalongquietperiod Lullv Tocausetosleeporrest sootheorcalm 使入睡 使睡着或安静 安慰或使镇定下来Todeceiveintotrustfulness 哄骗 欺骗使信任 Hesucceededinlullinghisvictimsbyusingthathoneyedcharm 他使用甜言蜜语成功地骗取了他的受害者的信任n 名词 Arelativelycalminterval asinastorm 暂息 一个相对平静的间隔 比如在一场暴风雨中Anintervaloflessenedactivity 间歇 暂时停滞 减少活动的间隔 谈话的间断alullinconversation whatisshortandsharpandwhatislongandtough difficultiesandhardshipofanykind imminentordistant temporaryorlong lasting noblechanceofwarimpressiveopportunityofwar throwingourmindsbacktoourmeetingheretenmonthsago recollectingourmeetingatHarrowSchool10monthsago e g Pleasethrowyourmindbackto1945 whenpeopleallovertheworldwereengagedinagreatandcruelwaragainstFascist 那个曲子使我回想起了我的儿童时代 Thattunethrewmymindbacktomychildhood appearancesareoftenverydeceptive surfacephenomenatendtobemisleading Deceptiveadj 骗人的 靠不住的 虚伪的不可貌相 Appearancesaredeceptive meetwith experience undergoe g Attemptstofindcivilianvolunteershavemetwithembarrassingfailure triumphv n thetriumphofrightovermight正义对强权的胜利ashoutoftriumph一阵欢欣声他扬扬得意地举起了他的奖品 Hehelduptheprizeintriumph 我不能在他的眼里看出胜利的喜悦 Icoulddetectnotriumphinhiseye 我们这队胜了他们那队 Ourteamtriumphedovertheirs imaginationmakesthingsoutfarworse whatoneimaginestendstobeworsethanreality MakeoutSeeorunderstand Addressn 地址 通讯处homeaddress住址 通讯处称呼 anaddressofwelcome欢迎词谈吐 应付的态度amanofpleasingaddress一位谈吐流利的人 pl 求爱 求婚 求爱时所作的 殷勤payone saddressestoalady向一位女子献殷勤v HowshallIaddressyou 我应当怎样称呼您呢 Ifyourfrienddidsomethingwrong youshouldalwaysaddressawarningtohim 如果你的朋友做错了什么 应当时常向他提出警告 我荣幸地向你们介绍史密斯先生 他将向你们谈谈他最近的国外之行 IhavethehonorofintroducingtoyouMr Smith whowilladdressyouonhisrecenttourabroad 这封信写错了地址 Theletterwasaddressedtothewronghouse 他专心致志地做他的家庭作业 Headdressedhimselftothetaskofdoinghishomework 他以非常恭维的话向她献殷勤 Headdressedherwithhighcompliment addressoneselfto对 说 跟 谈 与 通信 用于正式场合 着手 从事于 Pettya 1 Ofsmallimportance trivial apettygrievance 2 Markedbynarrownessofmind ideas orviews 3 Markedbymeannessorlackofgenerosity especiallyintriflingmatters 4 Secondaryinimportanceorrank subordinate pettybourgeois小资产阶级分子 小资产阶级pettyofficial小官吏pettyminds小心眼儿pettyspite卑下的恶意 praytobegiventhatextracouragetocarrythisfar reachingimagination wishtobeequippedwithexcessivecouragetoaccomplishorrealizethiseffectiveandinfluentialblueprint convictionsofhonorandgoodsense strongbeliefsinhonorandgoodjudgmentofdutyandjusticeConvictionThejudgmentofajuryorjudgethatapersonisguiltyofacrimeascharged 判罪 陪审团或法官对某人犯有被指控之罪行的判决Thestateofbeingfoundorprovedguilty 定罪evidencethatledtothesuspect sconviction 使嫌疑犯得以定罪的证据Thestateofbeingconvinced 确信 被说服的状态Afixedorstrongbelief 信念 不变的或坚定的信仰convictionofguilty服罪shakeaconviction动摇信心被告被判定有罪使我们吃惊 Theconvictionoftheaccusedmansurprisedus 他的论点使许多犹豫不决的人信服 Hisargumenthasbroughtconvictiontomanywaverers NeveryieldtotheapparentlyoverwhelmingmightoftheenemyNevergiveinorsurrendertotheseeminglystrongenemy 主席说话很有说服力 委员会其他成员都听从他的意见 Thechairmanspokesoforcefullythattherestofthecommitteeyieldtohisopinion ouraccountwasclosed wewerecompletelydefeatedbyenemytroops Liquidatev Topayoff adebt aclaim oranobligation settle Tosettletheaffairsof abusinessfirm forexample bydeterminingtheliabilitiesandapplyingtheassetstotheirdischarge Toconvert assets intocash Toputanendto abolish Toputtodeath kill 政府以清偿国家债务力谋稳定经济 Thegovernmentmadeeveryefforttostabilizetheeconomybyliquidatingthenationaldebt 希特勒试图全部消灭德国的犹太人 HitlertriedtoliquidatetheJewsinGermany Verydifferentisthemoodtoday HowothernationsviewBritainandhowtheBritishpeoplethinkandfeelaboutthewarisquitedifferenttodayfromtenmonthsago Britain othernationsthought haddrawnaspongeacrossherslate Britain inothernations eyes wascompletelywipedout ourcountrystoodinthegapOurcountryshoulderedtheresponsibilityinisolation e g Atthecriticalmomentofworldeconomicrecession apowerfulgovernmentisneededtostandinthegap 那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前 从而赢得了国家的最高荣誉 Thesoldier whostoodinthegapineverybattle gainedthehighesthonorofthecountry wehaveonlytoperseveretoconquer wehavenochoicebuttoholdonuntilvictorycomes Perseverevi stickto坚持 坚忍 不屈不挠 at in with persevereinaneffort坚持努力persevereinone sstudies孜孜不倦地学习 Venturev n Toexposetodangerorrisk 冒 危险 使处于危险或风险中 Sheinvestedal