基于Linux的socket编程模板.docx

基于Linux的socket编程模板 在网络编程编程中，我们经常会遇到这样一种C/S架构，服务器端（Server）监听客户端（Client）发送过来的命令，然后解析该命令，并做对应的处理，最后返回处理结果（例如成功或者失败及原因）给客户端。 最近，在Linux下做网络编程，涉及的就是上面的这种需求，简单地整理了下自己的代码，分享在这里吧，供初学者参考。 首先说一下编程思路吧。 在这种情况客户端必须实现的的接口有：连接服务器、发送、断开连接。 服务器端，有一个主线程，用于监听客户端的连接请求，一旦有新客户端连接，则创建一个新的socket及线程专门服务这个客户端。这个服务线程专门监听该客户端的命令，并且解析命令进行服务器，直到客户端断开连接或者发送关闭连接的命令。 另外，需要涉及一个通信协议，约定命令的包头、命令的识别码、命令的参数。 思路就说到这儿了，下面的相关代码，附件中有完整的代码，包含了Makefile文件。一、通信协议设计1. / 2. /COPYRIGHTNOTICE 3. /Copyright(c)2011,华中科技大学ticktick（版权声明） 4. /Allrightsreserved. 5. / 6. /fileCommand.h 7. /brief命令包声明文件 8. / 9. /定义各种TCP命令包以及相关结构体 10. / 11. /version1.0 12. /authorlujun 13. /E- 14. /date2011/08/21 15. / 16. / 17. /修订说明： 18. / 19. 20. #ifndefCOMMAND_H_ 21. #defineCOMMAND_H_ 22. 23. typedefunsignedcharuint8_t; 24. 25. /TCPCMDheaderlen 26. #defineTCP_CMD_HEADER_LEN8 27. 28. /CMDheader 29. staticuint8_tTCP_CMD_HEADER_STRTCP_CMD_HEADER_LEN=0xAA,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xFF; 30. 31. /maxusernamelen 32. #defineMAX_USER_NAME_LEN20 33. 34. /servercmdstruct 35. typedefenum_ServerCMD 36. 37. CMD_SAVE_USER_NAME,/saveusername 38. CMD_SAVE_USER_AGE,/saveuserage 39. 40. ServerCMD; 41. 42. /returncmd 43. typedefenum_ReturnCMD 44. 45. DVS_RETURN_SUCCESS=0, 46. DVS_RETURN_FAIL, 47. DVS_RETURN_TIMEOUT, 48. DVS_RETURN_INVLID_HEADER, 49. DVS_RETURN_INVLID_CMD, 50. DVS_RETURN_INVLID_PRM, 51. 52. ReturnCMD; 53. 54. /1bytesaligning 55. #pragmapack(push,1) 56. 57. /serverpackfromclient 58. typedefstruct_ServerPack 59. 60. /cmdheader 61. uint8_tcmdHeaderTCP_CMD_HEADER_LEN; 62. 63. /commandid 64. ServerCMDserverCMD; 65. 66. /cmdparam 67. union68. 69. /saveusername 70. struct71. 72. /username 73. charusernameMAX_USER_NAME_LEN; 74. 75. UserName; 76. 77. /saveuserage 78. struct79. 80. /userage 81. intuserage; 82. 83. UserAge; 84. 85. Parameters; 86. 87. ServerPack; 88. 89. /returnpackfromserver 90. typedefstruct_ReturnPack 91. 92. /cmdheader 93. uint8_tcmdHeaderTCP_CMD_HEADER_LEN; 94. 95. /returncmd 96. ReturnCMDreturnCMD; 97. 98. ReturnPack; 99. 100. #pragmapack(pop) 101. 102. #defineSERVER_PACK_LENsizeof(ServerPack) 103. #defineRETURN_PACK_LENsizeof(ReturnPack) 104. 105. #endif/COMMAND_H_ 二、客户端代码1. / 2. /COPYRIGHTNOTICE 3. /Copyright(c)2011,华中科技大学ticktick（版权声明） 4. /Allrightsreserved. 5. / 6. /fileclient.c 7. /brieftcp客户端代码 8. / 9. /实现tcp客户端的相关接口 10. / 11. /version1.0 12. /authorlujun 13. /E- 14. /date2011/08/21 15. / 16. / 17. /修订说明： 18. / 19. 20. #include 21. #include 22. #include 23. #include 24. #include 25. #include 26. #include 27. #includeclient.h 28. 29. /sockethandle 30. intg_hSocket; 31. 32. intconnect_server(char*destIp,intdestPort) 33. 34. intresult; 35. structsockaddr_inaddress; 36. 37. /createasocket 38. g_hSocket=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0); 39. 40. /setserveraddr 41. address.sin_family=AF_INET; 42. 43. /useserveripandlistenporttoconnect 44. address.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(destIp); 45. address.sin_port=htons(destPort); 46. 47. /connecttcpserver 48. result=connect(g_hSocket,(structsockaddr*)&address,sizeof(address); 49. if(result=-1) 50. 51. printf(tcpclientcantconnectserver!n); 52. return-1; 53. 54. 55. return0; 56. 57. 58. intclose_connect() 59. 60. printf(closeconnectwithserver!n); 61. 62. close(g_hSocket); 63. 64. return0; 65. 66. 67. intsend_cmd(ServerPacksPack) 68. 69. intrecvBytes=0; 70. intsendBytes=0; 71. ReturnPackrPack; 72. 73. /addcmdheader 74. memcpy(sPack.cmdHeader,TCP_CMD_HEADER_STR,TCP_CMD_HEADER_LEN); 75. 76. /sendcmd 77. while(1) 78. 79. sendBytes=send(g_hSocket,(uint8_t*)&sPack,SERVER_PACK_LEN,0); 80. 81. if(sendBytes=SERVER_PACK_LEN) 82. 83. printf(successfullysendbytes%dn,SERVER_PACK_LEN); 84. break; 85. 86. elseif(sendBytes=0&errno!=EINTR&errno!=EWOULDBLOCK&errno!=EAGAIN) 87. 88. printf(disconnectedorothererrors!n); 89. return-1; 90. 91. else92. 93. continue; 94. 95. 96. 97. /recvprocessresultfromserver 98. while(1) 99. 100. recvBytes=recv(g_hSocket,(uint8_t*)&rPack,RETURN_PACK_LEN,0); 101. 102. if(recvBytes=RETURN_PACK_LEN) 103. 104. break; 105. 106. elseif(recvBytes=0&errno!=EINTR&errno!=EWOULDBLOCK&errno!=EAGAIN) 107. 108. printf(disconnectedorerroroccur!nclosethesocket!n); 109. return-1; 110. 111. else112. 113. continue; 114. 115. 116. 117. /checkheader 118. if(memcmp(rPack.cmdHeader,TCP_CMD_HEADER_STR,TCP_CMD_HEADER_LEN)!=0) 119. 120. printf(returnpackheadererrror!n); 121. return-2; 122. 123. 124. /getreturnstatus 125. if(rPack.returnCMD!=DVS_RETURN_SUCCESS) 126. 127. printf(returnstatus:fail!n); 128. return-3; 129. 130. 131. return0; 132. 133. 134. 三、服务器主线程代码1. / 2. /COPYRIGHTNOTICE 3. /Copyright(c)2011,华中科技大学ticktick（版权声明） 4. /Allrightsreserved. 5. / 6. /fileserver.c 7. /brieftcp服务器主线程代码 8. / 9. /实现tcp服务端监听线程相关函数 10. / 11. /version1.0 12. /authorlujun 13. /E- 14. /date2011/08/21 15. / 16. / 17. /修订说明： 18. / 19. 20. #include 21. #include 22. #include 23. 24. #include 25. #include 26. 27. #includeserverIf.h 28. 29. intg_hServerSocket; 30. 31. intopen_port(intlocalport) 32. 33. intresult; 34. intclientSocket,client_len; 35. 36. structsockaddr_inserver_addr; 37. structsockaddr_inclient_addr; 38. 39. /createasocketobjforserver 40. g_hServerSocket=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0); 41. 42. /bindtcpport 43. server_addr.sin_family=AF_INET; 44. server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY); 45. server_addr.sin_port=htons(localport); 46. 47. result=bind(g_hServerSocket,(structsockaddr*)&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr); 48. if(result!=0) 49. 50. printf(tcpserverbinderror!n); 51. return-1; 52. 53. 54. /begintolisten 55. result=listen(g_hServerSocket,5); 56. if(result!=0) 57. 58. printf(tcpserverlistenerror!n); 59. return-1; 60. 61. 62. / 注: ServerEnv用于给服务线程传参，定义于serverIf.h中63. ServerEnvenv; 64. while(1) 65. 66. client_len=sizeof(client_addr); 67. clientSocket=accept(g_hServerSocket,(structsockaddr*)&client_addr,&client_len); 68. 69. if(clientSocket0) 70. 71. printf(tcpserveraccepterror!n); 72. return-1; 73. 74. 75. env.m_hSocket=clientSocket; 76. 77. /addnewtcpserverthread 78. add_new_tcp_process_thr(&env); 79. 80. 81. return0; 82. 83. 84. intclose_port() 85. 86. printf(closeserverport,stoplisten!n); 87. 88. close(g_hServerSocket); 89. 90. return0; 91. 四、服务器端服务线程代码1. / 2. /COPYRIGHTNOTICE 3. /Copyright(c)2011,华中科技大学ticktick（版权声明） 4. /Allrightsreserved. 5. / 6. /fileserverIf.c 7. /brieftcp服务线程代码 8. / 9. /实现tcp服务线程相关接口 10. / 11. /version1.0 12. /authorlujun 13. /E- 14. /date2011/08/21 15. / 16. / 17. /修订说明： 18. / 19. 20. #includeserverIf.h 21. #include./include/Command.h 22. #include 23. #include 24. #include 25. #include 26. 27. intadd_new_tcp_process_thr(ServerEnv*envp) 28. 29. pthread_ttcpThr; 30. 31. if(pthread_create(&tcpThr,NULL,tcpServerThrFxn,envp) 32. 33. printf(tcpthreadcreatefail!n); 34. return-1; 35. 36. 37. printf(tcpthreadhasbeencreated!n); 38. 39. return0; 40. 41. 42. intsave_user_name(char*pUsername) 43. 44. printf(ok,usernamesaved,username=%sn,pUsername); 45. 46. return0; 47. 48. 49. intsave_user_age(intage) 50. 51. printf(ok,useragesaved,userage=%dn,age); 52. 53. return0; 54. 55. 56. void*tcpServerThrFxn(void*arg) 57. 58. ServerEnv*envp=(ServerEnv*)arg; 59. intsocketfd=envp-m_hSocket; 60. intreturnBytes; 61. 62. ServerPacksPack; 63. ReturnPackrPack; 64. memcpy(rPack.cmdHeader,TCP_CMD_HEADER_STR,TCP_CMD_HEADER_LEN); 65. 66. while(1) 67. 68. /readcmdfromclient 69. returnBytes=recv(socketfd,(uint8_t*)&sPack,SERVER_PACK_LEN,0); 70. if(returnBytes=SERVER_PACK_LEN) 71. 72. /printf(ok,recv%dbytes!n,SERVER_PACK_LEN); 73. 74. elseif(returnBytes=0&errno!=EINTR&errno!=EWOULDBLOCK&errno!=EAGAIN) 75. 76. printf(disconnectedorerroroccur!errno=%dn,errno); 77. break; 78. 79. else80. 81. continue; 82. 83. 84. /checktheheader 85. if(memcmp(sPack.cmdHeader,TCP_CMD_HEADER_STR,TCP_CMD_HEADER_LEN)!=0) 86. 87. rPack.returnCMD=DVS_RETURN_INVLID_HEADER; 88. 89. /returnerrorinfotoclient 90. returnBytes=send(socketfd,(uint8_t*)&rPack,RETURN_PACK_LEN,0); 91. if(returnBytesRETURN_PACK_LEN) 92. 93. printf(senderror!n); 94. continue; 95. 96. 97. 98. /analysecmd 99. rPack.returnCMD=DVS_RETURN_SUCCESS; 100. switch(sPack.serverCMD) 101. 102. caseCMD_SAVE_USER_NAME: 103. 104. if(save_user_name(sPack.Parameters.UserName.username)!=0) 105. 106. rPack.returnCMD=DVS_RETURN_FAIL; 107. 108. 109. break; 110. caseCMD_SAVE_USER_AGE: 111. 112. if(save_user_age(sPack.Parameters.UserAge.userage)!=0) 113. 114. rPack.returnCMD=DVS_RETURN_FAIL; 115. 116. 117. break; 118. default: 119. 120. rPack.returnCMD=DVS_RETURN_INVLID_CMD; 121. 122. break; 123. 124. 125. /returnresultinfotoclient 126. returnBytes=send(socketfd,(uint8_t*)&rPack,RETURN_PACK_LEN,0); 127. if(returnBytesRETURN_PACK_LEN) 128. 129. printf(senderror!n); 130. continue; 131. 132. 133. 134. printf(closesessionsocket!); 135. 136. /closesocket 137. close(socketfd); 138. 139. return(void*)0; 140. 五、客户端测试代码1. / 2. /COPYRIGHTNOTICE 3. /Copyright(c)2011,华中科技大学ticktick（版权声明） 4. /Allrightsreserved. 5. / 6. /filemain.c 7. /brieftcp客户端测试代码 8. / 9. /实现tcp客户端测试 10. / 11. /version1.0 12. /authorlujun 13. /E- 14. /date2011/08/21 15. / 16. / 17. /修订说明： 18. / 19. 20. #include 21. 22. #includeclient.h 23. 24. #defineLOCAL_IP_STR 25. #defineDEST_IP_STR 26. #defineDEST_PORT8000 27. 28. intmain(intargc,char*argv) 29. 30. inti=0; 31. 32. printf(tcpteststart!n); 33. 34. if(connect