英语人教版八年级下册教学设计（10.2）.doc

Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years. Section A 2 (3a-4c) 教学设计学习目标：知识目标：掌握本课单词和短语clear clear out bedroom no longer own railway certain honest truthful to be honest part part with while 掌握现在完成时的用法能力目标： 能从阅读中获得个人物品的相关信息。 正确区分现在完成时与一般过去时情感目标：正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。教学过程：Step 1 New words1. bedroom n. 卧室2. railway n. 铁路；铁道3. junior adj. 地位 (或职位、级别) 低下的junior high school 初级中学e.g. We could give the job to somebody junior. 我们可以把这份工作交给职位较低的人。4. own v. 拥有；有e.g. Most households now own at least one car. 大多数家庭现在至少有一辆汽车。5. truthful adj. 诚实的；老实的e.g. He was not always truthful. 他并非总是说真话。Step 2 Fast reading 3a Read the article written by a father for a newspaper. What is his family going to sell at the yard sale?Keys Son : a train and railway set; the toy monkeyDaughter: certain toysFather: football shirtsStep 3 Careful readingRead the passage and choose true (T) or false (F)1. My daughter is 15 and my boy has already started junior high school.2. Our house really get smaller.3. My son was quite sad at first.4. My daughter felt happy to part with certain toys.5. I want to give up my football shirts.Keys: FFTFT3b Read the article again and answer the questions.1. Why did they decide to have a yard sale?Because the fathers children get bigger and their house seems to get smaller.2. What do they want to do with the money from the sale?They want to give the money to a childrens home.3. Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set?Because he has owned it since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.4. How can the old toys be useful again?They can be sold to the people who need them.5. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? What would you do with the money you raise?Yes, I have. I would give it to the charityStep 4 Language points 1. We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms. clear v. 清理；清除 clear out 清理；丢掉 e.g. Ill clear out that closet for you. 我要替你把那个小衣橱清理出来。2. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. no longer 意为“不再；不复”，有时可用 not any longer 或 not anymore 替换。如：He no longer lives here. (= He doesnt live here anymore/any longer.) 他不再住这儿了。3. My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.1) certain adj. 意为“某种；某事；某人”。e.g. He decided to sell his certain books. 他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。拓展 certain形容词，意为“确实的，无疑的”。常用结构：be certain to do sth. 肯定要做某事 be certain of/about sth. 对某事确定、有把握 be certain of doing sth. 有把握做某事 be certain +从句 一定e.g. He felt quite certain of success. 他对成功很有把握。2) part with 放弃、交出， part v. 离开， 分开e.g. Dont part with your dream. 不要放弃你的梦想。4. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have not played for a while now.1) as for 至于，关于e.g. And as for us, we are fortunate. 可对我们来说，我们是幸运的。2) to be honest意为“说实在的，说实话”，经常单独使用，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开。类似的表达还有to tell the truth “老实说，说实话”。e.g. To be honest, she is not an honest girl. 说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩。honest 为形容词， 意为“诚实的；老实的”。反义词为dishonest “不诚实的”。e.g. An honest man does not tell lies. 诚实的人不会说谎。3) while n. 一段时间，一会儿while 还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”，while引导的时间状语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。e.g. They chattered away happily for a while. 他们高兴地闲扯了一会儿。 He kept in touch with us while he was on vacation. 他在度假期间仍与我们保持联系。Step 5 精讲点拨 现在完成时表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for + 时间段”、“since + 过去时间点”、“since + 过去时的从句”、“since + 一段时间 + ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years.= My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago. Ivelivedheresince1990自从1990年以来我就住在这里。 Ihaventseenhimforthreeyears.我三年没有看见他了。Shesbeenatthisschoolsincefiveyearsago. 自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。歌诀：含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带句中动词的特点此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外）1. 这本书我买了5年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) Ive had the book for five years. ( )2. 你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has your brother joined the army? ( ) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( )非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。 borrow keep buy have put on wear catch a cold have a cold get to know know get to sleep sleep2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词” begin / start be on go out be out close be closed open be open get to/arrive/reach be (in) die be dead leave be away finish be over fall sleep be asleep join be in/be a member of become be make friends be friends come/go be + 相应的介词短语Step 6 4a Rewrite the sentences using for or since1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three years ago.Jim has been in Japan for three years.2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago. They have been hungry for ten hours/since ten hours ago.3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009. I have had a camera since 2009.4. I know Ann. I first met her three years ago. I have known Ann for three years/since three years ago.5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday. Linda has been ill since Monday.Step 7 4b Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the verbs in brackets.1. I _ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.2. They _ (never own) any pets, but they _ (always want) to have a dog.3. We _ (have) a piano since last November. We _ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.4. Cathy and Amy _ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.5. This museum _ (be) here for over 20 years. It _ (be) one of the oldest buildings in th