英语人教版八年级下册unit10 grammer focus.doc

Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years. Section A1 (1a-2d) 教案学习目标：知识目标：掌握本课单词和yard sale, sweet, soft toy, bear maker, scarf, board game, check out 能力目标：谈论人们拥有某物多长时间的话题，能熟练运用since, for 谈论自己的个人物品。情感目标：正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。辨析：how long, how soon, how often, how farHow long 多久，多长（时间）。对时间段提问，如：for+时间段；since+过去的时间点。e.g. -How long have you worked in Beijing? -For five years.How soon 多久以后。对“in+时间段提问，常用于一般将来时”，其答语常用“in+时间段”。e.g. How soon will Mr. Li be back? -In a week. How often 多久一次，对频率提问，其答语为：once（twice/）+时间段，always，usually等。e.g. -How often do you exercise? - Once a day.How far 多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。e.g. -How far is it from here to your school? - Three kilometers.sale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”，on sale意为“出售，上市”；for sale意为“待售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。e.g. Chickens are on sale in the market. 小鸡在市场上出售。 Im sorry, its not for sale. 抱歉，它不出售。艾米认为卖掉她的旧东西很难。Its +adj. (+for sb.) to do sth. 意为“（对某人来说）做某事时的”，it 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式。e.g. Its important for un to learn English well. 学好英语对于我们来说是很重要的。memory n. ，意为“记忆；回忆”，复数形式为memories，动词为memorize，意为“记忆，背诵”。e.g. She has a good memory. 她记忆力好。a couple of 表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个相同的人或物体; 表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定，例如：You have to wait for a couple of hours for the clothes to dry completely. 你得等上一两个小时让这些衣服完全晾干。a bit 意为“一点儿，稍微”，修饰形容词或副词，相当于 a little； a bit of +不可数名词，a little直接加不可数名词。 e.g. There is a bit of/a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有点儿水。not a bit =not at all 意为“一点也不” not a little =very 意为“非常” e,g. She is not a bit happy. 她一点儿也不快乐。 He is not a little tired.=He is very tired. 他非常累。check用作及物动词，意为“检查，审查”，短语check out，意为“察看，观察”。e.g. If you finish it，check it by yourself first. 如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。Check out all the books for children. 察看一下所有的儿童书籍。check 还可用作名词，意为“支票。账单”1. - _ have you been married？ - For twenty years. A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon2. If you sit in a chair _ a long time, your back may begin to hurt. A. at B. in C. on D. for 3. - I often have hamburgers for lunch.-Youd better not. Its bad for you _ too much junk food.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. atUnit 10 Ive had this bike for three years. Section A 2 (3a-4c) 教案知识目标：clear clear out bedroom no longer own railway certain honest truthful to be honest part part with while 掌握现在完成时的用法能力目标：能从阅读中获得个人物品的相关信息。 正确区分现在完成时与一般过去时情感目标:正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。 clear v. 清理；清除 clear out 清理；丢掉 e.g. Ill clear out that closet for you. 我要替你把那个小衣橱清理出来。 no longer 意为“不再；不复”，有时可用 not any longer 或 not anymore 替换。如：1) certain adj. 意为“某种；某事；某人”。e.g. He decided to sell his certain books. 他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。拓展 certain形容词，意为“确实的，无疑的”。常用结构：be certain to do sth. 肯定要做某事 be certain of/about sth. 对某事确定、有把握 be certain of doing sth. 有把握做某事 be certain +从句 一定e.g. He felt quite certain of success. 他对成功很有把握。2) part with 放弃、交出， part v. 离开， 分开e.g. Dont part with your dream. 不要放弃你的梦想。as for 至于，关于e.g. And as for us, we are fortunate. 可对我们来说，我们是幸运的。2) to be honest意为“说实在的，说实话”，经常单独使用，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开。类似的表达还有to tell the truth “老实说，说实话”。e.g. To be honest, she is not an honest girl. 说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩。honest 为形容词， 意为“诚实的；老实的”。反义词为dishonest “不诚实的”。e.g. An honest man does not tell lies. 诚实的人不会说谎。3) while n. 一段时间，一会儿while 还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”，while引导的时间状语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。e.g. They chattered away happily for a while. 他们高兴地闲扯了一会儿。 He kept in touch with us while he was on vacation. 他在度假期间仍与我们保持联系。 现在完成时表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for + 时间段”、“since + 过去时间点”、“since + 过去时的从句”、“since + 一段时间 + ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years.= My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago. Ivelivedheresince1990自从1990年以来我就住在这里。 Ihaventseenhimforthreeyears.我三年没有看见他了。Shesbeenatthisschoolsincefiveyearsago. 自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。1. 这本书我买了5年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) Ive had the book for five years. ( )2. 你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has your brother joined the army? ( ) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( )非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。 borrow keep buy have put on wear catch a cold have a cold get to know know get to sleep sleep2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词” begin / start be on go out be out close be closed open be open get to/arrive/reach be (in) die be dead leave be away finish be over fall sleep be asleep join be in/be a member of become be make friends be friends come/go be + 相应的介词短语Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.Section B1 (1a-1d) 教案一、语言知识：词汇：at least, a primary school, a concert hall, bridge, hill 常用表达:How long has it been there? The concert hall has been around for at least 20 years.二、语言技能: 描述所居住城市或者家乡的特色建筑物的历史变迁。三、情感意识：通过谈论家乡有特色的地方，增进对家乡的了解，从而更加热爱家乡。1. 单项选择( )(1) Which is the most beautiful place you have ever ? A.went to B. gone to C. been to( )(2) My brother the army for nearly three years.A.has joined B. has taken part in C . has been in( )(3) Her father in 1990 and her husband for more than five years.A.died；dead B. has died；dead C . died；has been dead D.has died；has died ( )(4) I have this nice watch for two years A. had B. bought C. borrowed D. lend( ) (5) He his home for ten years. A. has left B. left from C. has been away from D. was away from( )(6) He hasnt Quanzhou ever since he left school. A. lett B. been awayfrom C . been D. away from2. 用所给词的适当形式填空（1）Ill wait _ (round) for a while.（2）All the students had a good time. It was a _(love) night.（3）The bank is _(oppose) the museum.（4）What do the students do on the _(hill)?3、翻译句子（1） 那座山的后面是什么？_（2）那里有一些特别的地方吗？_(3) 这个博物馆在这里20年了。Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.Section B2 (2a-2d) 教案一 教学目标1 Ss can master the main idea and details of the passage by skimming and scanning.2 Ss can describe the changes of their hometowns and express hometown feelings.3 Ss can understand the feelings of homesickness and love their hometowns.二 教学重难点1 Key points：Master the main idea of the text; Understand the feelings of homesickness.2 Difficult points: Understand and express hometown feelings.设计意图：通过设置问题，使学生掌握本段的细节信息, 体会民工外出打工很少回家的遗憾之情。2 para.23 Perhaps _ and _ have appeared.changes Task 1The government has built_ and sent _from the cities to help.Students have learned to_ and _since the mid-20th century.设计意图：利用树形图帮助学生理解本部分的行文结构，利用填空提高学生在阅读中寻找细节的能力，使学生更好的理解文本。Task 2What is Zhong Weis opinion about the changes?设计意图：问题的设置让学生了解钟伟关于家乡变化的肯定，从而让学生体会离乡人对家乡的关注。3 para.4 Read para4 and fill in the blanks. Things will never change1. In Zhong Weis hometown, _ is still there and has become a symbol of the place.2. According to Zhong Wei, his hometown has left _in his heart.设计意图：使学生了解本段结构，抓住细节信息，体会钟伟对家乡的情感。 hometown will never changehave changedPlaces/peoplea big old treefeelingsmemoriesgoodUnit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.Section B 3 (3a-Self-check)教案知识目标：复习本单元所学单词和短语sweet honest shame century memory hold soft search regard especially memory consider hold 常考短语 how long notanymore a bit check out no longer to be honest according to millions of at first 经典句型1. How long have you had that bike over there? Ive had it for three years!2. Jim has been in Japan for three days.3. I used to return home at least once a year, but I havent been back for almost three years now.能力目标：能写一篇关于自己身边事物变化的文章。情感目标：珍惜自己周围事物的变化，感恩社会，汇报社会，关爱他人。学习过程：Step 1 Summary 一、必记单词 Let students read and spell the words in groups.sweet 甜的，含糖的 soft 软的，柔软的 honest 诚实的；老实的 search 搜查；搜索 shame 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧 regard 将认为 century 百年，世纪 especially 尤其；特别；格外 memory 记忆；回忆 consider 注视；仔细考虑 hold 拥有；抓住二、常考短语Let the students say them in groups, then make examples in pairs. 1. how long 多久，多长时间 2.