高三英语高考复习：语法系列课件之主谓一致.ppt

高考语法复习系列二 主谓一致 1 用and连接两个并列成分 2 介词with伴随主语 3 就近原则 4 各种代词的主谓一致 5 短语和从句作主语 6 定语从句中的主谓一致 高考考点分析 问题1 whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet 1991nmet a isnotdecidedb arenotdecidedc hasnotdecidedd havenotdecided 这个句子看上去是and连接的两个并列短语充当主语 本应用复数形式的谓语 但这两个短语表达的是同一事件的两个方面 可以看成是一个整体 因此使用单数的谓语动词 而从句意可判断此句谓语动词需使用被动语态 归纳一 1 两个或两个以上做主语的单数名词用and连接 谓语用复数 tomanddickaregoodfriends 但若表示一个集合体时则用单数 asingeranddancerwaspresentattheparty theworkerandwriteristalkingtothestudents breadandbuttertastesgood 类似的表达式有 aneedleandthread ahorseandcart awatchandchain acoatandtie truthandhonesty medicalhelpandcure 2 用and连接的两个名词若被no each every manya修饰 则谓语动词用单数 nobirdandnobeastisseeninthebareisland manyaboyandmanyagirlhasmadesuchafunnyexperiment atchristmaseachboyandeachgirlisgivenapresent 3 如果and后面加no或not 谓语也用单数形式 myfriend andnothers ischosentojointhearmy allworkandnoplaymakesjackadullboy 问题2 alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift 1990nmet a isofferedb hasofferedc areofferedd haveoffered 主语后有aswellas like with togetherwith but except besides 等 谓语应于前面主语保持一致 aprofessor togetherwithsomestudents wassenttohelpinthework noonebuttheteachersisallowedtousetheroom 问题3 notonlyibutalsojaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother 1989 a isb arec amd be 以连词or either or neither nor therebe notonly butalso连接的复合主语 其谓语与其相邻的那个名词的数保持一致 eg youoriamtobeinvited 问题4 nobodybutjane thesecret 1986 a knowb knowsc haveknownd isknown either neither each every或no 单数名词和由some any no every构成的复合不定代词都作单数看待 eachofushasanewpen everythingaroundusismatter 问题5 thenumberofpeopleinvited fifty butanumberofthem absentfordifferentreasons 1996nmet a were wasb was wasc was wered were were anumberof表示 很多 的意思 修饰可数名词的复数 thenumberof表示 数量 号码 作主语 其谓语动词用单数形式 问题6 ofthesouthernhemisphere 南半球 withwater a four five iscoveredb four fifths iscoveredc four fifth arecoveredd four fifths arecovered 由 alotof lotsof plentyof therestof 名词 构成的短语以及由 分数或百分数 名词 构成的短语作主语时 其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定 three fourthsofthesurfaceissea 问题7 allbutone herejustnow 1997nmet a isb wasc havebeend were what who which any more most all等代词可以是单数 也可是复数 主要依意思而定 whichisyourpen 哪是你的笔 whichareyourpens 哪些是你们的笔 b allcanbedonehasbeendone allhavegonetothepark 问题8 heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears 02上海春 a isb arec havebeend hasbeen who which that作定语从句的主语时 其谓语取决于先行词 thosewhowanttogoshouldsignyournameshere heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam 问题9 mathematics thelanguageofscience 1978 a isb aregoingtobec are 以 ics结尾的学科名词 如 mathematics politics physics以及news 等 形式上为复数 实际为单数 它们作主语时 其谓语动词要用单数形式 另外 复数名词用作书 电影 戏剧 报刊 国家等名称时 谓语动词用单数 his selectedpoems firstpublishedin1965 78 a wereb wasc hasbeen 问题10hisfamily allfootballfans a isb hasbeenc arebeingd are 一些集体名词做主语 如果看作一个整体 谓语动词用单数 如果指其中的成员 谓语用复数 但people police cattle等只能用复数 myfamilyisabigfamily myfamilyarelisteningtotheradio thepolicearetryingtocatchthethief 问题11therich notalwayshappy a isb hasc haved are 形容词加定冠词the表示一类人时 谓语动词用复数 whatalifethepoorwereliving theyoungarehappytogivetheirseatstotheold 问题121 growingvegetables constantwatering a needb areneededc isneededd needs2 whatisayandthink nobusinessofyours