高中英语状语从句讲解及练习(含答案)

.状语从句状语从句在句中作状语，可分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。一、 时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, as, while, until, notuntil, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。1. when , while, as 都可解释为“当的时候”但侧重点有所不同。1) wheneg: when i arrived home , i had a little rest.注意点：when 从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be 动词时，从句主语和be 可以省略。eg: when (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher.2) asas 除了表示“当的时候”，还可表示为“一面 一面”，“随着” eg: he sang as he danced.(一面 一面 )you will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着 )3) while 表示“当 的时候” 强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时， 从句动词必须是延续性动词。eg: while we were working, they were having a rest.while (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.注意点：while有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。eg: i prefer black tee, while he likes coffee.2. until,notuntil 表示“直到 才” ,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。肯定句： i waited until midnight.否定句： i did not leave until midnight.注意点：1） not until在句首，主句用倒装eg:not until you had explained how did i manage to do it.2) it is not untilthat引导的强调句it was not until it was dark that he came back.3. the minute, the moment, each time 都可表示“一 就”eg: the worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it.注意点：the minute, the moment, each ( every, next, the first) time作连词不和when 连用。4. hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan, as 表so示on为a“s 一 就 ” eg: i had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.i had no sooner got home than it began to rain. it began to rain as soon as i got home.注意点： hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonertha位n于句首，主句用倒装eg: had i hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.no sooner had i got home than it began to rain.;.二 条件状语从句条件状语从句分为两大类：真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句的连词有：if, even if/though, unless/ ifnot, as long as/ so long as, as far as/so foavridaes,dp/prroviding (that), on condition that等。条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。1. unless 和 ifnotunless 相当于 ifnoteg: you will fail unless you study hard.you will not fail if you study hard.注意点：在虚拟条件句中可用ifnot，但不能用unless eg: if she were not too silly,she would understand.2. 引导条件状语从句的其它连词：eg: you may go there ,as long as you keep quite.eg: i shall give you the book on condition that you return it tomorrow. eg: i will go provided that you go too.三 让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有：though, although, even if/though, however, no matter how, no matter what, no matter who 等。1. though, although 不可与 but 连用，但可以和yet , still 连用 .eg: though/although it is raining ,they are still running outside.注意点：1） though 可引导倒装 (although 不引导倒装 )，结构为：强调对象 +as/though+ 主语 +其它成分，强调对象可为表语（名词、形容词）或状语（副词）， 表语为名词时，前面不用冠词。child as/ though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. tired as he is, he goes on with his work.2） despite 和 in spite of也有让步意义，后接名词或动词，而though, although 是连词，后接从句。eg: despite /in spite of wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter.though/although she wanted to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter.2. “ no matter+ 疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀 ever ”eg: no matter what happened, he would not mind.whatever happened, he would not mind.注意点： no matter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句3. even if/ though 表示“即使”eg: he doesn t want to marry her even if/ though he loves her very much.四 原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有：because, since, as , now that ,considering that, for the reason that , due to the fact that,owing to the fact that等1. becausebecause语气最强，通常用于回答why提出的问题注意点：在 itwasthat的强调结构中，强调原因状语从句可用because引导，不用since,as, for 引导。eg: it is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the situation.2. since 和 assince 的语气比because 弱，比 as 强，表示间接的，已知的原因，自然的结果，表示“既然， 由于”。eg: as/ since you are not very well, you had better have a rest.3. for当 for 表示原因关系时，for 分句是对第一分句内容的推断或猜测。eg: it must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.五 目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that 等。eg: you must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.he wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it. better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.注意点：lest, in case, for fear that 所引导的状语从句中，动词可以用虚拟语气，形式为 should+动词原形，也可不用虚拟语气，用动词的一般现在时或一般过去时。eg: you had better leave the key at home in case one of us should think of/thinks of coming back.六 结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that, sothat, such eg: he is so young that he can not go to school.he is such a young boy that he can not go to school.1. 常用句型：so+形容词 /副词 +that 从句so+形容词 +a/an+ 单数可数名词 +that 从句such +a/an+形容词 +单数可数名词 +that 从句such +形容词 +复数可数名词/不可数名词 +that 从句2. so 和 such 的搭配规律等thatsuch 修饰名词或名词词组，so 修饰形容词或副词,so 还可接 many, few, much, little等。eg: so foolishsuch a foolso nice a flowersuch a nice flower so many/few flowerssuch nice flowers so much/little moneysuch rapid progress so many peoplesuch a lot of people七 比较状语从句引导比较状语从句的连词有：asas, than, not soas, the morethe 等more如：he speaks english as fluently as his brother (does) i can t jump so /as high as he (does)there are more workers in this factory than in the one next to it . the more you read, the more interesting , you will find the novel is . 连接词 than 可作为关系代词用。如：he wrote more than was necessary don t carry more money than is needed八地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词有:where, wherever 以及where 构成的复合词等eg: she found her calculator where she lost it.wherever i am, i will miss you.注意点：eg: i happened to see your dictionary lie where i used it last time.（地点状语从句）i happened to see your dictionary lie in the lab where i used it last time.（定语从句）九 方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的连接词有as, just as, as if / though（一般用虚拟语气，也有用直陈语气的）等。eg：just do as you are told.the workers went on working as if nothing had happened. he talked to the girl as though he had fallen in love with her.在 just as -, so -结构中，as 带有比喻含义。意为“正如” ，多用于正式文体。eg：just as some people like sports, so some people like music. the way也可引导方式状语从句。eg：you should operate the machine the way i do .1. don t be afraid of askni g for help it is needed.a. unlessb. sincec. althoughd. when2. a good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity htheerenadchoefs the story.a. whenb. unlessc. afterd. until3. i know the money is safe, i shall not worry about it.a. even thoughb. unlessc. as long asd. while4 you will succeed in the end you give up halfway.a. even ifb. as thoughc. as long asd. unless5. “ was his father very strict with him when he was at school?” “ yes. he had never praised him he became one of the top students in his grade.” a. afterb. unlessc. untild. when6. i suggest, he always disagrees.a. howeverb. whateverc. whicheverd. whoever7. you should put on the notices all the people may see them.a. whereb. in whichc. atd. for them8. she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.a. whereverb. howeverc. whicheverd. whoever9. mary clapped her hand over her mouth she realized what she had said.a. whileb. as soon asc. suddenlyd. then10. her faults, she s arnold s mother. don t be so rude to her.a. whateverb. whatc. whicheverd. whenever11. you re got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.a. now thatb. afterc. althoughd. as soon as12. i thought she was the very girl that i should marry i met her.a. first timeb. for the first timec. the first timed. by the first time13. don t play by the river you fall in and drown!a. in caseb. so thatc. in order thatd. when14. why do you want a new job you ve got such a good one already?a. thatb. wherec. whichd. when15. he is better than i last visited him.a. whenb. thatc. howd. which16. the punishment was unjust, he accepted it without complaint.a. so long asb. even thoughc. sinced. while17. the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.a. whileb. asc. sinced. because18. i can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.a. as long asb. as far asc. just asd. even if19. rich one may be there is always something one wants.a. whateverb. wheneverc. howeverd. wherever20. john shut everybody out of the kitchen he could prepare his grand surprise for theparty.a. whichb. whenc. so thatd. as if21. mr zhang is mild in character. he never shouts he is very angry.a. ifb. evenc. thoughd. even when22. “ how long do you suppose it is he left for japan?” “ no more than half a month.”a. whenb. beforec. afterd. since23. in some countries, are called“ public schools” are not ownedtbey.a. thatb. whichc. asd. what【答案与解析】1. 选 d 。when意为 “在(当)时候 ”。其余三项填入空格处，句意不通。the sta2. 选 d。until意为“直到 ”，句意为 “一位优秀的故事讲述者必须能够让听众在故事结束前一直保持好奇心 ”。3. 选 c。as long as意为 “只要”，全句意为 “只要我知道这钱是安全的，我就不会担心了”。类似地，下面一题也选as long as ：“ what are you going to do this afternoon? “ i ll probably go for a walk later on it stays fine.a. as far asb. as long asc. even ifd. as if4. 选 d。unless意为 “如果不 ”、“除非 ”，用以引导一个条件状语从句。5. 选 c。考查notuntil句 式，其意为 “直到才”。6. 选 b。whatever引导的是让步状语从句，相当于no matter what 。注意不能选a，因为 suggest是及物动词，它应带自己的宾语，而however不能用作宾语。7. 选 a。where指“在的地方 ”，用以引导地点状语从句。8. 选 a，wherever意为 “无论什么地方 ”。9. 选 b。根据语境可推知。如下面一题也选as soon as ： he became rich he cast aside all his old friends who gave him some help.a. whileb. as soon asc. suddenlyd. then10. 选 a。whatever her faults为让步状语从句，句末省略了谓语动词are 。11. 选 a。now that为连词，用以引导原因状语从句，其意为“既然 ”，与 since同义。其中的might as well 意为“不妨 ”。全句意为 “既然你得到一个机会，你不妨充分利用它”。12. 选 c。the first time