美国文学期末复习题

期末考试题型复习i. multiple choice（ 30 ）ii. find the relevant match in column b for each in column a(10):writers:() 1. toni morrison () 2. joseph heller() 3. eugene glastone oneill () 4. archibald macleish() 5. emily dickinson() 6. benjamin franklin() 7. ralph waldo emerson () 8. f scott fitzgerald() 9. william faulkner() 10. wallace stevens works:a. the hairy apeb. im nobody!c. we bombed in new havend. english traitse. the sound and the furyf. the autobiographyg. tender is the night精品资料h. anecdote of the jari. song of solomonj. j.b.writers:() 1. edgar allan poe() 2. walt whiteman() 3. f scott fitzgerald() 4. william carlos williams () 5. toni morrison() 6. ralph waldo ellison() 7. langston hughes () 8. ezra pound() 9. stephen crane() 10. nathaniel hawthorne works:a. o captain! my captain!b. the bluest eyec. in a station of the metrod. the house of the seven gablese. the fall of the house of usherf. the red wheelbarrowg. the open boath. dreamsi. the great gatsbyj. shadow and actwriters:() 1. ralph waldo emerson () 2. robert frost() 3. saul bellow() 4. joseph heller() 5. ralph waldo ellison () 6. ezra pound() 7. ernest hemingway() 8. emily dickinson() 9. katherine anne porter() 10. henry wadsworth longfellow works:a. self-relianceb. invisible manc. pale horse, pale riderd. the sun also risese. stopping by woods on a snowy eveningf. success is counted sweetestg. song of myselfh. catch-22i. looking for mr. greenj. cantos writers:() 1. benjamin franklin () 2. toni morrison() 3. william faulkner() 4. archibald macleish () 5. nathaniel hawthorne() 6. henry wadsworth longfellow () 7. stephen crane() 8. katherine anne porter() 9. william carlos williams () 10. saul bellowworks:a. ars poeticab. maggie: a girl of the streetsc. twice-told talesd. belovede. a psalm of lifef. barn burningg. poor richard s almanach. patersoni. anderson the rain kingj. the flowering judasiii. define the listed literary terms(15)american puritanism:simply speaking, american puritanism just refers to the spirit andidealofpuritanswhosettledin thenorthamericancontinentin theearlypartof the seventeenth century becauseof religious persecutions. incontent it meansscrupulous moralrigor,especiallyhostilitytosocialpleasuresandindulgences,thatis strictness,sternness and austerity in conduct and religionwithtimepassingit becamea dominantfactorin americanlife, oneof themostenduringshapinginfluencesinamericanthoughtandamericanliterature.tosome extent it is a state of mind, a part of the national cultural atmosphere that the americanbreathes, rather than a set of tenets.actually it is a code of values, a philosophy of life and a point of view in american minds, also a two-faceted tradition of religious idealism and level-headed common sense.;aericanromanticism;is one of themostimportantperioddsin thehistoryof american literature.i wasa rebellionagainstrtheobjectivityof rationalism.forromantics,the feelings, intuitions and emotions were more important than reason and commen sense.they emphazed individualism, placing the individual against the group. the afirmed theinner life of the sels,and cherished strong interest in the past, the wild ,the remote, thw mysterious and the stange. they stressed the element“americaness”in their works. itstartedwiththepulicationof washingtonirving thestretchbookandenedwithwaltwhiteman sleavesofgrass.itisalsocalled“americanrenaissance ”american romantistsincludesuchliteraryfiguresaswashintonirving,emerson,thoreau,hawthrone,mellville whiteman and some others.;local colorism:is concerned with the life of a small, well-defined region or province. the characteristicsettingis theisolatedsmalltownthestyleof writingderivedfromthe presentation ofthefeaturesandpeculiaritiesof a particular localityand its inhabitants.simply it meansthe use of regional detail in a literary or artistic work.the name is givenespecially to a kind of american literature that in its most characteristic form made its appearance just after the civil war and for nearly three decades was the single most popular form of american literature.following in the footsteps of the pre-war sectional humorists, local colorists were interested in realistically depicting life in different sections of the united states in order topromote understanding and unification. fiction writers like sarah orne jewett, bret harte,o. henry, and mark twain have been identified within this tradition.;naturalism ;accepted the more negative interpretation of darwin s evolutionary theory and used it to account for the behavior of those charaters in the literary works wh wereregarded as more or less complex combination of inheritted attibutes, their habits condition by social and economic forces. american naturalism is evoled from realism henthe author s tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more pessimistic. it is no more than a gloomy philosophical approach to reality, or to human existence. dreiser is a leading figure of this schoolthe lost generation :is a term used by gertude stern to describe the post wwi generarton of american writers:man and women haunted by a sense of betrayal and emptiness brought about by the destructivness of the war. ful of youthful idealism, theseindividuals sought the meaning of the life, drank excessivly, had love affairs and createdsome of the finest american literture to date. the three best-known representatives of lost generation are f.sccot fitzgerald,ernest hemingway and john dos passos.amrican dreamrefers to the ream of materral success, in which one, regardless of social status, acquires wealth and gains succes by working hard and good luck. in literature, the theme of american dream recurs. inthe great gatsby, gatsby came from the west to the east with the dream of material success.by bootlegging and other illegal means he filfilledhis dream but ended up being killed.the novel telles the shattering of ameracan dream rather than its success.impreessionism:is a style of painting that gives the impression made by the sublect on the artist without much attentin to details. writers accfepted the same conviction that personal attitude and moods of the writer were legitimate element in dipicting charaters or setting or action.briefly ,it ia a style of literature characterixed by the creartion of general impresion and moods rather than realitic moods.iv. question and answers(20)youwillbegiventwopoems,andaskedtotellfromwhichpoemdoesthestanza come,who is the author,what does some specific word in the pome mean,and how will you appreciate the poem.pay attention to the following poems:1.ezra poundsin a station of the metro 2.walt whitemanso captain, my captain 3.robert froststhe road not takenstopping by woods on a sno