专四语法专项训练 情态动词.docx

2015专四语法考点：情态动词*情态动词: will（愿意）, shall（将）, must（必须）, can, may, would, should (应该), might, could, ought to, used to（过去常常）, need（需要）, dare（竟敢），have to（不得不）考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容：（1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测）（2）某些情态动词的特殊用法考点1. 情态动词have过去分词结构表示推测(1) must have v-ed表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。否定形式为：cant / couldnt have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。1. Nancys gone to work but her cars still there. She _must have gone _ by bus.2010 A. must have gone B. should have gone C. ought to have gone D. could have gone2. She _must have been _ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.2009/2007 A. must be B. had been C. could be D. must have been3. Which of the following sentences expresses probability可能性超级大啊?2008 A. You must leave immediately. B. You must be feeling rather tired. C. You must be here by eight oclock. D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.4. He _could not have caught_ the 8:20 bus because hedidnt leave home till 8:25. (1994) A. can not /couldnt have caught B. ought to have caught C. shouldnt have caught D. must not have caught5. “She must be in thedormitorynow.” -“No, she _can n ot _ be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago.”(1994) A. mustnt B. cant C. couldnt D. wouldnt6. “The door was open.” -“It _cannot have been_ open. I had locked in myself and the key was in my pocket.”(1992) A. cant be B. mustnt be C. cant have been D. mustnt have been(2) could have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。(3) may / might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.1. He _may have acted _ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. (1999) A. may haveacted B. must have acted C. should act D. would act(4) ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldnt have v-ed 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示“本应该”和“本不应该”表示应完成而未完成的动作用于完成时中的否定句，表示不应完成但已做的动作1. Arent you tired? I _should have thought_ you had done enough for today.2009 A. should have thought B. must have thought C. might have thought D. could have thought(5) neednt have v-ed 表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要，意为“本没必要”。注意：didnot need to do 动作并没发生。例：I didnt need to get up early,so I got up until 9 a.m.1. You _neednot have told_ Jim anything about it. It was none ofhisbusiness. (2000/1998) A. neednt have told B. neednt tell C. mustnt have told D. mustnt tell2. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _need not have dressed up_ so formally. (1996) A. need not have dressed up B. must not have dressed up C. did not need to dress up D. must not dress up3. The meetings been cancelled. Ann _need not have done_ all that work. (1995) A. need to do B. need have C. neednt have done D. needed not to do考点2. 特殊用法(1) cant“不可能”（表推测）, may not “可能不”（表推测）, mustnt (must not) “不要; 禁止”; used notusednt to或didnt use to 过去不(2) should 表示惊讶1. I amsurprised_that you should think_ thiscity is a dull place to live in.2006 A. that you should think B. by what you are thinking C. that you would think D. with what you were thinking(3) 用于过去式中，can常表示能过做某事，但事实不一定去做；be able to则表示能做某事并且已经做了。1. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I _was able to make_ the journey in exactly two days.2005 A. must take B. must have made C. was able to make D. could make(4) Cant but + V.,表示不得不，与have to同义。Cant help +Ving, cant help but +V.表示忍不住。(5) may/ might as well + 动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”，相当于had better(6) may well + 动词原形”是一种常见的结构，意为“（完全）能，很可能” : He may well be proud ofhisson. 他大可为儿子高兴。(7) may aswellas还是好了e.g. You may as well as give him the letter.(8) maybut.表转折(9) cannot too / enough 表示 “无论怎么也不算过分”、“越越好”(10) had better do dth 最好做某事。1. That man has a bad reputation. You _had better not have_ anything to do with him.1991 A. had better not have B. have better have C. have better not have D. had better not to have(11) 其它1. I _was to have finished_ writing the paper as scheduled, but my mothers illness interfered. I hope you will excuse me.1993 A.am to have finish